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LANOLIN (Lat. lana, wool, and oleum, ...

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 184 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LANOLIN (See also:Lat. lana, See also:wool, and oleum, oil)  , the commercial name of the preparation styled adeps lanae hydrosus in the See also:British See also:Pharmacopoeia, and which consists of 7 oz. of neutral See also:wool-See also:fat (adeps lanae) mixed with 3 fluid oz. of See also:water . The wool-fat is obtained by See also:purification of the " See also:brown grease," " recovered grease " or degras extracted from raw See also:sheep's wool in the See also:process of preparing it for the spinner . It is a translucent unctuous substance which has the See also:property of taking up large quantities of water and forming emulsions which are very slow to See also:separate into their constituents . Owing to the ease with which it penetrates the skin, wool-fat both in the anhydrous See also:form and as See also:lanolin, sometimes mixed with such substances as See also:vaseline or fatty See also:oils, is largely employed as a basis for ointments . It is slightly antiseptic and does not become rancid . LA NOUE, See also:FRANCOIS DE (1531—1591), called See also:Bras-de-Fer, one of the Huguenot captains of the 16th See also:century, was See also:born near See also:Nantes in 1531, of an See also:ancient See also:Breton See also:family . He served in See also:Italy under See also:Marshal See also:Brissac, and in the first Huguenot See also:war, but his first See also:great exploit was the See also:capture of See also:Orleans at the See also:head of only fifteen cavaliers in 1567, during the second war . At the See also:battle of See also:Jarnac in See also:March 1568 he commanded the rearguard, and at Moncontour in the following See also:October he was taken prisoner; but he was exchanged in See also:time to resume the See also:governor-See also:ship of See also:Poitou, and to inflict a See also:signal defeat on the royalist troops before See also:Rochefort . At the See also:siege of Fontenay (1570) his See also:left See also:arm was shattered by a See also:bullet; but a mechanic of Rochelle made him an See also:iron arm (hence his See also:sobriquet) with a See also:hook for holding his reins . When See also:peace was made in See also:France in the same See also:year, La Noue carried his See also:sword against the Spaniards in the See also:Netherlands, but was taken at the recapture of See also:Mons by the See also:Spanish in 1572 . Permitted to return to France, he was commissioned by See also:Charles IX., after the See also:massacre of St See also:Bartholomew, to reconcile the inhabitants of La Rochelle, the great stronghold of the See also:Huguenots, to the See also:king . But the Rochellois were too much alarmed to come to terms; and La Noue, perceiving that war was imminent, and knowing that his See also:post was on the Huguenot See also:side, gave up his royal See also:commission, and from 1574 till 1578 acted as See also:general of La Rochelle .

When peace was again concluded La Noue once more went to aid the Protestants of the See also:

Low Countries . He took several towns and captured See also:Count See also:Egmont in 1580; but a few See also:weeks afterwards he See also:fell into the hands of the Spaniards . Thrust into a loathsome See also:prison at Lim-See also:burg, La Noue, the admiration of all, of whatever faith, for his gallantry, See also:honour and purity of See also:character, was kept confined for five years by a powerful nation, whose reluctance to set him See also:free is one of the sincerest tributes to his reputation . It was in captivity that he wrote his celebrated Discours politiques et militai.res, a See also:work which was published at See also:Basel in 1587 [re-published at La Rochelle 1590, Frankfurt on See also:Main (in See also:German) 1592 and 1612; and See also:London (in See also:English) 1597] and had an immense See also:influence on the soldiers of all nations . The abiding value of La Noue's " Discourses " lies in the fact that he wrote of war as a human See also:drama, before it had been elaborated and codified . At length, in See also:June 1585, La Noue was exchanged for Egmont and other prisoners of See also:consideration, while a heavy See also:ransom and a See also:pledge not to See also:bear arms against his See also:Catholic See also:majesty were also exacted from him . Till 1589 La Noue took no See also:part in public matters, but in that year he joined See also:Henry of See also:Navarre against the Leaguers . He was See also:present at both sieges of See also:Paris, at Ivry and other battles . At the siege of See also:Lamballe in See also:Brittany he received a See also:wound of which he died at Moncontour on the 4th of See also:August 1J91 . He wrote, besides the Discourses, See also:Declaration pour prise d'armes et la defers, e de See also:Sedan et Jamets (1588) ; Observations sur l'histoire de See also:Guicciardini (2 vols., 1592); and notes on See also:Plutarch's Lives . His Correspondance was published in 1854 . Sec La See also:Vie de Francois, seigneur de La Noue, by Moyse Amirault (See also:Leiden, 1661); See also:Bran-tome's Vies See also:des Capitaines See also:francais; C .

Vincen's See also:

Les Heros de la Re'forme . Fr. de La Noue (1875); and See also:Hauser, Francois de La Noue_ (Paris, 1892) .

End of Article: LANOLIN (Lat. lana, wool, and oleum, oil)
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