See also:

• ROLAND
• ROLAND, LEGEND OF

ROLAND See also:

• ROLAND LAPORTE (1675-1704)

LAPORTE (1675-1704)  , Camisard See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, better known as " See also:

• ROLAND
• ROLAND, LEGEND OF

Roland," was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Mas Soubeyran (See also:

• GARD

Gard) in a cottage which has become the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of the Societe de 1'Histoire du Protestantisme See also:

• FRANCAIS, ANTOINE, COUNT (1756-1836)

francais, and which contains See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics of the See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero . He was a See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of See also:

• LAPORTE, ROLAND (1675-1704)

Laporte, the Camisard leader who was hunted down and shot in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1702, and he himself became the leader of a See also:

• BAND

band of a thousand men which he formed into a disciplined See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army with magazines, arsenals and hospitals . For daring in See also:

• ACTION

action and rapidity of See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement he was second only to See also:

• CAVALIER
• CAVALIER, JEAN (1681-1740)

Cavalier . These two leaders in 1702 secured entrance to the See also:

• TOWN

town of Sauve under the pretence of being royal See also:

• OFFICERS

officers, burnt the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church and carried off provisions and See also:

• AMMUNITION

ammunition for their forces . Roland, who called himself " See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of the See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children of See also:

• GOD

God," terrorized the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country between See also:

• NIMES
• NIMES, COUNCILS OF (Concilia Nemausensia)

Nimes and See also:

• ALAIS

Alais, burning churches and houses, and slaying those suspected of hostility against the See also:

• HUGUENOTS

Huguenots, though without personally taking any See also:

• PART

part of the spoil . Cavalier was already in negotiation with See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

Marshal See also:

• VILLARS, CLAUDE LOUIS HECTOR DE, PRINCE DE

Villars when Roland cut to pieces a See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment at Fontmorte in May 1704 . He refused to ]ay down his arms without definite assurance of the restoration of the privileges accorded by the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

Edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes . Villars then sought to negotiate, offering Roland the command of a regiment on See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign service and See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty of See also:

• CONSCIENCE (Lat. con-scientia, literally " knowledge of a thing shared with another person " or " complete knowledge," and derivatively " consciousness in general)
• CONSCIENCE, HENDRIK (1812-1883)

conscience, though not the See also:

• FREE

free exercise of their See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, for his co-religionists . This parley had no results, but Roland was betrayed to his enemies, and on the 14th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1704 was shot while defending himself against his captors . The five officers who were with him surrendered, and were broken on the See also:

• WHEEL (0. Eng. hweol, hweohl, &c., cognate with Icel. hjol, Dan. hiul, the Indo-European root is seen in Sanskrit chakra, Gr. r in Aos, circle, whence " cycle ")
• WHEEL, BREAKING ON THE

wheel at Nimes . Roland's See also:

• DEATH

death put an end to the effective resistance of the Cevenols . See A .

See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court, Histoire See also:

• DES

des troubles des See also:

• CEVENNES (Lat. Cebenna or Gebenna)

Cevennes (Villefranche, 176o) ; H . M . See also:

• BAIRD, HENRY MARTYN (1832—1906)
• BAIRD, JAMES (1802—1876)
• BAIRD, SIR DAVID (1757—1829)
• BAIRD, SPENCER FULLERTON (1823--1887)

Baird, The Huguenots and the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (2 vols., See also:

• LONDON

London, 1895), and other literature dealing with the See also:

• CAMISARDS (from camisade, obsolete Fr. for " a night attack," from the Ital. camiciata, formed from camicia—Fr. chemise—a shirt, from the fact of a shirt being worn over the armour in order to distinguish friends from foes)

Camisards . LA See also:

• PORTE, THE SUBLIME (Arab. babi-'ali, the high gate, through the French translation la sublime porte)

PORTE, a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county seat of La Porte county, See also:

• INDIANA

Indiana, U.S.A., 12 M . S. of See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake See also:

• MICHIGAN
• MICHIGAN, LAKE
• MICHIGAN, UNIVERSITY OF

Michigan and about 6o m . S.E. of See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago . Pop . (189o) 7126; (1900) 7113 (1403 foreign-born); (191o) 10,525 . It is served by the Lake See also:

• ERIE

Erie & Western, the Lake See also:

• SHORE

Shore & Michigan See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern, the Pere See also:

• MARQUETTE
• MARQUETTE, JACQUES (1637–1675)

Marquette, the Chicago, See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• BEND

Bend & See also:

• NORTHERN

Northern Indiana (electric), and the Chicago-New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York Electric See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

Air See also:

• LINE

Line See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways . La Porte lies in the midst of a fertile agricultural region, and the shipment of See also:

• FARM

farm and See also:

• ORCHARD (O. Eng. ort-geard, later orceard; a combination apparently of Lat. hortus, garden, and " yard " or " Barth ")

orchard products is one of its See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries . There are also numerous manufactures . La Porte's situation in the See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart of a region of beautiful lakes (including Clear, See also:

• PINE (Lat. Pinus, Gr. srlrur)

Pine and See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

Stone lakes) has given it a considerable reputation as a summer resort .

The lakes furnish a large See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of clear See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice, which is shipped to the Chicago markets . La Porte was settled in 1830, laid out in 1833, incorporated as a town in 1835, and first chartered as a city in 1852 .