See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

HUGH See also:

• HUGH LATIMER (c. 1490-1555)

LATIMER (c. 1490-1555)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, and one of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief promoters of the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Thurcaston, See also:

• LEICESTERSHIRE

Leicestershire . He was the son of a See also:

• YEOMAN

yeoman, who rented a See also:

• FARM

farm " of three or four pounds by See also:

• YEAR

year at the uttermost." Of this farm he " tilled as much as kept See also:

• HALF

half a dozen men," retaining also grass for a See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred See also:

• SHEEP
• SHEEP (from the Anglo-Saxon sceap, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; e.g. the German Schaf)

sheep and See also:

• THIRTY

thirty See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle . The year of See also:

• LATIMER, HUGH (c. 1490-1555)

Latimer's See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth is not definitely known . In the See also:

• LIFE

Life by See also:

• GILPIN, BERNARD (1517-1583)

Gilpin it is given as 1470, a palpable See also:

• ERROR (Lat. error, from errare, to wander, to err)

error, andpossibly a misprint for 1490.1 See also:

• FOXE, JOHN (1516-1587)

Foxe states that at " the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of fourteen years he was sent to the university of See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge," and as he was elected See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of See also:

• CLARE
• CLARE, JOHN (1793-1864)
• CLARE, JOHN FITZGIBBON, 1ST EARL OF (1749-1802)

Clare in 1509, his year of entrance was in all likelihood 1505 . Latimer himself also, in mentioning his See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion from Romanism about 1523, says that it took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place after he was thirty years of age . According to Foxe, Latimer went to school " at the age of four or thereabout." The purpose of his parents was to See also:

• TRAIN (M. Eng. trayn or trayne, derived through Fr. from Late Lat. trahinare, to drag, draw, Lat. trahere, cf. trail, trace, ultimately from the same source)

train him up " in the knowledge of all See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good literature," but his See also:

• FATHER

father " was as diligent to See also:

• TEACH [THATCH OR THACH], EDWARD (d. 1718)

teach him to shoot as any other thing." As the yeomen of England were then in comparatively easy circumstances, the practice of sending their sons to the See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities was quite usual; indeed Latimer mentions that in the reign of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward VI., on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the increase of rents, the universities had begun wonderfully to decay . He graduated B.A. in 1510 and M.A. in 1514 . Before the latter date he had taken See also:

• HOLY

holy orders . While a student he was not unaccustomed to make good cheer and be merry," but at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he was a punctilious observer of the minutest See also:

• RITES

rites of his faith and "as obstinate a Papist as any in England." So keen was his opposition to the new learning that his oration on the occasion of taking his degree of See also:

• BACHELOR (from Med. Lat. baccalarius, with its late and rare variant baccalaris—cf. Ital. baccalare—through O. Fr. bacheler)

bachelor of divinity was devoted to an attack on the opinions of See also:

• MELANCHTHON, FHILIPP (1497–155o)

Melanchthon . It was this See also:

• SERMON (Lat. sermo, a discourse)

sermon that determined his friend See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• BILNEY, THOMAS (d. 1531)

Bilney to go to Latimer's study, and ask him " for See also:

• GOD

God's See also:

• SAKE

sake to hear his See also:

• CONFESSION (Lat. confessio, from confiteor, acknowledge, confess)

confession," the result being that " from that time forward he began to See also:

• SMELL (connected etymologically with " smoulder " and " smoke ")

smell the word of God, and forsook the school doctors and such fooleries." Soon his discourses exercised a potent See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence on learned and unlearned alike; and, although he restricted himself, as indeed was principally his See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom through life, to the inculcation of See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical righteousness, and the censure of clamant abuses, a rumour of his heretical tendencies reached the bishop of See also:

• ELY
• ELY, RICHARD THEODORE (1854— )

Ely, who resolved to become unexpectedly one of his See also:

• AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)

audience . Latimer, on seeing him enter the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church, boldly changed his theme to a portrayal of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ as the See also:

• PATTERN

pattern See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest and bishop . The points of comparison were, of course, deeply distasteful to the See also:

• PRELATE (Lat. praelatus, set above, from praefero, prefer)

prelate, who, though he professed his " obligations for the good admonition he had received," informed the preacher that he " See also:

• SMELT (Osmerus eperlanus; Fr. eperlan; Scotch sparling or spirling)

smelt somewhat of the See also:

• PAN (" pasturer ")
• PAN (common in various forms to many Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Pfanne; it is generally taken to be an early adaptation in a shortened form of Lat. patina, shallow bowl or dish, from patere, to lie open)

pan." Latimer was prohibited from See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching in the university or in any pulpits of the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese, and on his occupying the See also:

• PULPIT (from Lat. pulpitum, a staging, platform: equivalents are Fr. chaire d'eglise, Ital. pulpito, Ger. Kanzel)

pulpit of the Augustinian monastery, which enjoyed See also:

• IMMUNITY (from Lat. immunis, not subject to a munus or public service)

immunity from episcopal See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control, he was summoned to See also:

• ANSWER (derived from and, against, and the same root as swear)

answer for his opinions before See also:

• WOLSEY, THOMAS (c. 1475–1530)

Wolsey, who, however, was so sensible of the value of such discourses that he gave him See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• LICENCE (through the French from Lat. licentia, licere, to be lawful)

licence to preach throughout England .

At this time See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant opinions were being disseminated in England chiefly by the surreptitious circulation of the See also:

• WORKS

works of Wycliffe, and especially of his See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations of the New Testament . The new See also:

• LEAVEN (in Mid. Eng. levain, adapted from Fr. levain, in same sense, from Lat. levamen, which is only found in the sense of alleviation, comfort, levare, to lift up)

leaven had begun to communicate its subtle influence to the universities, but was working chiefly in See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret and even to a See also:

• GREAT

great extent unconsciously to those affected by it, for many were in profound See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance of the ultimate tendency of their own opinions . This was perhaps, as regards England, the most See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical conjuncture in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the Reformation, both on this account and on account of the position in which See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII. then stood related to it . In no small degree its ultimate See also:

• FATE

fate seemed also to be placed in the hands of Latimer . In 1526 the imprudent zeal of See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• BARNES, ALBERT (1798–1870)
• BARNES, BARNABE (1569 ?–16o9)
• BARNES, JOSHUA (1654-1712)
• BARNES, ROBERT (1495-1540)
• BARNES, SIR EDWARD (1776-1838)
• BARNES, THOMAS (1785-1841)
• BARNES, W
• BARNES, WILLIAM (1800-1886)

Barnes had resulted in an ignominious recantation, and in 1527 Bilney, Latimer's most trusted coadjutor, incurred the displeasure of Wolsey, and did humiliating See also:

• PENANCE (Old Fr. penance, fr. Lat. poenitentia, penitence)

penance for his offences . Latimer, however, besides possessing sagacity, See also:

• QUICK

quick insight into See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, and a ready and formidable wit which thoroughly disconcerted and confused his opponents, had naturally a distaste for See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere theological discussion, and the truths he was in the See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of inculcating could scarcely be controverted, although, as he stated them, they were diametrically contradictory of prevailing errors both in 1 The only reasons for assigning an earlier date are that he was commonly known as " old See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

Hugh Latimer," and that Bernher, his Swiss servant, states incidentally that he was " above threescore and seven years " in the reign of Edward VI . See also:

• BAD, BCD

Bad See also:

• HEALTH

health and anxieties probably made him look older than his years, but under Edward VI. his See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers as an orator were in full vigour, and he was at his See also:

• BOOK

book See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter and summer at two o'See also:

• CLOCK

clock in the monolog . See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine and practice . In See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1529 he preached his two " sermons on the See also:

• CARDS, PLAYING

cards," which awakened a turbulent controversy in the university, and his opponents, finding that they were unable to See also:

• COPE
• COPE (M.E. cape, cope, from Med. Lat. capa, cappa)
• COPE, EDWARD DRINKER (1840-1897)
• COPE, EDWARD MEREDITH (1818-1873)

cope with the dexterity and keenness of his See also:

• SATIRE (Lat. satira, satura; see below)

satire, would undoubtedly have succeeded in getting him silenced by force, had it not been reported to the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king that Latimer " favoured his cause," that is, the cause of the See also:

• DIVORCE

divorce . While, therefore, both parties were imperatively commanded to refrain from further dispute, Latimer was invited to preach before Henry in the See also:

• LENT (0. Eng. lenclen, " spring," M. Eng. lenten, lente, lent; cf. Dut. lente, Ger. Lenz, " spring," 0. H. Ger. lenzin, lengizin, lenzo, probably from the same root as " long " and referring to " the lengthening days ")

Lent of 1530 . The king was so pleased with the sermon that after it " he did most familiarly talk with him in a See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery." Of the special regard which Henry seemed to have conceived for him Latimer took See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage to See also:

• PEN (Lat. penna, a feather, pen)

pen the famous See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter on the See also:

• FREE

free circulation of the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible, an address remarkable, not only for what See also:

• FROUDE, JAMES ANTHONY (1818-1894)

Froude justly calls " its almost unexampled grandeur," but for its striking repudiation of the aid of temporal weapons to defend the faith, "for God," he says, "will not have it defended by See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man or man's See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, but by His Word only, by which He See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

bath evermore defended it, and that by a way far above man's power and See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason." Though the See also:

• APPEAL

appeal was without effect on the immediate policy of Henry, he could not have been displeased with its See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

tone, for shortly afterwards he appointed Latimer one of the royal chaplains . In times so " out of See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint " Latimer soon became " weary of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court," and it was with a sense of See also:

• RELIEF

relief that he accepted the living of See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Kington, or West Kineton, See also:

• WILTSHIRE [WILTS]

Wiltshire, conferred on him by the king in 1531 .

Harassed by severe bodily ailments, encompassed by a raging tumult of religious conflict and persecution, and aware that the faint hopes of better times which seemed to gild the See also:

• HORIZON (Gr. 6pfTwv, dividing)

horizon of the future might be utterly darkened by a failure either in the constancy of his courage or in his discernment and discretion, he exerted his eloquence with unabating See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy in the furtherance of the cause he had at See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart . At last a sermon he was persuaded to preach in See also:

• LONDON

London exasperated See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• STOKESLEY, JOHN (c. 1475-1539)

Stokesley, bishop of the diocese, and seemed to furnish that fervent persecutor with an opportunity to overthrow the most dangerous See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion of the new opinions . Bilney, of whom Latimer wrote, "if such as he shall See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die evil, what shall become of me?" perished at the stake in the autumn of 1531, and in See also:

• JANUARY

January following Latimer was summoned to answer before the bishops in the See also:

• CONSISTORY (Lat. consistorium, literally, a standing place, hence meeting place, waiting or audience chamber)

consistory . After a tedious and captious examination, he was in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March brought before See also:

• CONVOCATION
• CONVOCATION (Lat. convocatio, a calling together)

convocation, and, on refusing to subscribe certain articles, was excommunicated and imprisoned; but through the interference of the king he was finally released after he had voluntarily signified his See also:

• ACCEPTANCE (Lat. acceptare, frequentative form of accipere, to receive)

acceptance of all the articles except two, and confessed that he had erred not only " in discretion but in doctrine." If in this confession he to some extent tampered with his See also:

• CONSCIENCE (Lat. con-scientia, literally " knowledge of a thing shared with another person " or " complete knowledge," and derivatively " consciousness in general)
• CONSCIENCE, HENDRIK (1812-1883)

conscience, there is every reason to believe that his culpable timidity was occasioned, not by See also:

• PERSONAL

personal fear, but by anxiety lest by his See also:

• DEATH

death he should hinder instead of promoting the cause of truth . After the See also:

• CONSECRATION (Lat. consecrallo, from con and sacrare, " to make sacred ")

consecration of See also:

• CRANMER, THOMAS (1489-1556)

Cranmer to the archbishopric of See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury in 1533 Latimer's position was completely altered . A See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission appointed to inquire into the disturbances caused by his preaching in See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol severely censured the conduct of his opponents; and, when the bishop prohibited him from preaching in his diocese, he obtained from Cranmer a special licence to preach throughout the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Canterbury . In 1534 Henry formally repudiated the authority of the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope, and from this time Latimer was the chief co-operator with Cranmer and See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell in advising the king regarding the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of legislative See also:

• MEASURES

measures which rendered that repudiation See also:

• COMPLETE

complete and irrevocable . It was, however, the preaching of Latimer more than the edicts of Henry that established the principles of the Reformation in the minds and See also:

• HEARTS

hearts of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people; and from his preaching the See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement received its chief See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour and complexion . The sermons of Latimer possess a See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination of qualities which constitute them unique examples of that See also:

• SPECIES

species of literature . It is possible to learn from them more regarding the social and See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period than perhaps from any other source, for they abound, not only in exposures of religious abuses, and of the prevailing corruptions of society, but inreferences to many varieties of social injustice and unwise customs, in racy sketches of character, and in vivid pictures of special features of the time, occasionally illustrated by interesting incidents in his own life . The homely terseness of his See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, his abounding See also:

• HUMOUR (Latin humor)

humour—rough, cheery and playful, but irresistible in its simplicity, and occasionally displaying sudden and dangerous barbs of satire—his avoidance of dogmatic subtle-ties, his See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble advocacy of practical righteousness, his bold and open denunciation of the oppression practised by the powerful, his scathing diatribes against ecclesiastical See also:

• HYPOCRISY

hypocrisy, the transparent honesty of his fervent zeal, tempered by sagacious moderation—these are the qualities which not only rendered his influence so See also:

• PARAMOUNT (Anglo-Fr. paramont, up above, par el mont, up or on top of the mountain)

paramount in his lifetime, but have transmitted his memory to posterity as perhaps that of the one among his contemporaries most worthy of our See also:

• INTEREST

interest and admiration . In See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1535 Latimer was consecrated bishop of See also:

• WORCESTER
• WORCESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• WORCESTER, JOHN TIPTOFT, EARL OF (1427—1470)
• WORCESTER, WILLIAM (c. 1415-c. 1482)

Worcester .

While holding this See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he was selected to officiate as preacher when the See also:

• FRIAR (from the Lat. (rater, through the Fr. frere)

friar, John See also:

• FOREST

Forest, whom he vainly endeavoured to move to submission, was burned at the stake for denying the royal supremacy . In 1539, being opposed to the " See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of the six articles," Latimer resigned his bishopric, learning from Cromwell that this was the wish of the king . It would appear that on this point he was deceived, but as he now declined to accept the articles he was confined within the precincts of the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of the bishop of See also:

• CHICHESTER

Chichester . After the See also:

• ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)

attainder of Cromwell little is known of Latimer until 1546, when, on account of his connexion with the preacher Edward See also:

• CROME, JOHN (1769-1821)

Crome, he was summoned before the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council at See also:

• GREENWICH

Greenwich, and committed to the See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

Tower of London . Henry died before his final trial could take place, and the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• PARDON (through the Fr. from Late Lat. perdonare, to remit a debt or other obligation on a penalty)

pardon at the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of Edward VI. procured him his See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty . He declined to resume his see, notwithstanding the special See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the See also:

• COMMONS

Commons, but in January 1548 again began to preach, and with more effectiveness than ever, crowds thronging to listen to him both in London and in the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Shortly after the accession of See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary in 1553 a See also:

• SUMMONS (Fr. semonce, from semonner or semondre, Lat. summonere, summonitio)

summons was sent to Latimer to appear before the council at See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster . Though he might have escaped by See also:

• FLIGHT

flight, and though he knew, as he quaintly remarked, that " Smithfield already groaned for him," he at once joyfully obeyed . The See also:

• PURSUIVANT (0. Fr. porsivant, poursivant, mod. poursuivani, strictly an attendant, from poursuirore, to follow)

pursuivant, he said, was " a welcome messenger." The hardships of his imprisonment, and the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long disputations at See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, told severely on his health, but he endured all with unbroken Aheerfulness . On the 16th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1555 he and See also:

• RIDLEY, NICHOLAS (c. 1500-1555)

Ridley were led to the stake at Oxford . Never was man more free than Latimer from the taint of fanaticism or less dominated by " vainglory," but the motives which now inspired his courage not only placed him beyond the influence of fear, but enabled him to See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste in dying an ineffable thrill of victorious achievement . Ridley he greeted with the words, " Be of good comfort, See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

Master Ridley, and See also:

• PLAY

play the man; we shall this See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day See also:

• LIGHT

light such a See also:

• CANDLE (Lat. candela, from candere, to glow)

candle by God's See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

grace in England as (I See also:

• TRUST

trust) shall never be put out." He " received the See also:

• FLAME (Lat. flamma; the root flag- appears in flagrare, to burn, blaze, and Gr. d, XEryew)

flame as it were embracing it .

After he had stroked his See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face with his hands, and (as it were) bathed them a little in the See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, he soon died (as it appeared) with very little See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain or none." Two volumes of Latimer's sermons were published in 1549 . A complete edition of his works, edited by G . E . See also:

• CORRIE (Gaelic coire, cauldron; hence whirlpool, or circular hollow)

Corrie for the See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker Society, appeared in two volumes (1844-1845) . His Sermon on the Ploughers and Seven Sermons preached before Edward VI. were re-printed by E . See also:

• ARBER, EDWARD (1836– )

Arber (1869) . The chief contemporary authorities for his life are his own Sermons, John See also:

• STOW, JOHN (c. 1525-1605)

Stow's See also:

• CHRONICLE (from Gr. Xpovos, time)

Chronicle and Foxe's Book of Martyrs . In addition to See also:

• MEMOIRS

memoirs prefixed to See also:

• EDITIONS

editions of his sermons, there are lives of Latimer by R . Demaus (1869, new and revised ed . 1881), and by R . M. and A . J .

See also:

• CARLYLE, ALEXANDER (1722-1805)
• CARLYLE, JOSEPH DACRE (1759-18o4)
• CARLYLE, THOMAS (1795-1881)

Carlyle (1899) . (T . F .