See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES See also:

• MARIE

MARIE RENE LECONTE DE See also:

• LISLE, ALICE (c. 1614-1685)

LISLE (1818-1894)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French poet, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of See also:

• REUNION

Reunion on the 22nd of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1818 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, an See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army surgeon, who brought him up with See also:

• GREAT

great severity, sent him to travel in the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Indies with a view to preparing him for a commercial See also:

• LIFE

life . After this voyage he went to See also:

• RENNES

Rennes to See also:

• COMPLETE

complete his See also:

• EDUCATION

education, studying especially See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek, See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian and See also:

• HISTORY

history . He returned once or twice to Reunion, but in 1846 settled definitely in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . His first See also:

• VOLUME

volume, La See also:

• VENUS

Venus de See also:

• MILO
• MILO, TITUS ANNIUS

Milo, attracted to him a number of See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends many of whom were passionately devoted to classical literature . In 1873 he was made assistant librarian at the Luxembourg; in 1886 he was elected to the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy in See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession to See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor See also:

• HUGO, GUSTAV VON (1764–1844)
• HUGO, VICTOR MARIE (1802-1885)

Hugo . His Fames antiques appeared in 1852; Fabrics et poesies in 1854; Le Chemin de la croix in 1859; the Poemes barbares, in their first See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, in 1862; See also:

• LES

Les Erinnyes, a tragedy after the Greek See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model, in 1872; for which occasional See also:

• MUSIC

music was provided by Jules See also:

• MASSENET, JULES SMILE FREDERIC (1842– )

Massenet; the Fames tragiques in 1884; L'Apollonide, another classical tragedy, in 1888; and two See also:

• POSTHUMOUS

posthumous volumes, Derniers poemes in 1899, and Premieres poesies et lettres intimes in 1902 . In addition to his See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• WORK

work in See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse, he published a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of admirable See also:

• PROSE

prose See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations of See also:

• THEOCRITUS

Theocritus, See also:

• HOMER, WINSLOW (1836-191o)

Homer, See also:

• HESIOD

Hesiod, See also:

• AESCHYLUS (525–456 B.c.)

Aeschylus, See also:

• SOPHOCLES (495-406 B.c.)

Sophocles, See also:

• EURIPIDES (48o–4o6 B.C.)

Euripides, See also:

• HORACE [QuINTus HORATIUS FLACCUS] (65-8 B.C.)

Horace . He died at Voisins, near Louveciennes (See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

Seine-et-See also:

• OISE

Oise), on the 18th of See also:

• JULY

July 1894 . In Leconte de See also:

• LISLE, ALICE (c. 1614-1685)

Lisle the Parnassian See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement seems to crystallize . His verse is clear, sonorous, dignified, deliberate in movement, classically correct in See also:

• RHYTHM (Greek pvBµds, from bap, to flow)

rhythm, full of See also:

• EXOTIC (Gr. EWTIK6s, foreign, from few, outside)

exotic See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, of See also:

• SAVAGE
• SAVAGE, MINOT JUDSON (1841– )
• SAVAGE, RICHARD (d. 1743)

savage names, of realistic See also:

• RHETORIC (Gr. psroperctj TEXvq, the art of the orator)

rhetoric . It has its own See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• ROMANCE

romance, in its " See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend of the ages," so different from Hugo's, so much See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

fuller of scholarship and the historic sense, yet with far less of human pity .

Coldness cultivated as a kind of See also:

• ARTISTIC

artistic distinction seems to turn all his See also:

• POETRY

poetry to See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble, in spite of the See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire at its See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart . Most of Leconte de Lisle's poems are little chill epics, in which legend is fossilized . They have the lofty monotony of a single conception of life and of the universe . He See also:

• SEES

sees the See also:

• WORLD

world as what See also:

• BYRON, GEORGE GORDON BYRON, 6TH BARON (1788-1824)
• BYRON, HENRY JAMES (1834-1884)
• BYRON, HON
• BYRON, JOHN BYRON

Byron called it, " a glorious blunder," and desires only to stand a little apart from the throng, meditating scornfully . See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

Hope, with him, becomes no more than this desperate certainty: " Tu to tairas, o voix sinistre See also:

• DES

des vivants ! His only See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

prayer is to See also:

• DEATH

Death, " divine Death," that it may gather its See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children to its See also:

• BREAST (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. the Ger. Brust, possibly connected with an O. Sax. brustian, to bud)

breast: " Affranchis-noun du temps, du nombre et de 1'espace, Et rends-nous le repos que la See also:

• VIE

vie a trouble!" The See also:

• INTERVAL

interval which is his he accepts with something of the See also:

• DEFIANCE

defiance of his own See also:

• CAIN

Cain, refusing to fill it with the triviality cf happiness, waiting even upon beauty with a certain inflexible austerity . He listens and watches, throughout the world, for echoes and glimpses of great tragic passions, languid with fire in the East, a tumultuous conflagration in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages, a sombre darkness in the heroic ages of the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North . The burning emptiness of the See also:

• DESERT

desert attracts him, the inexplicable See also:

• MELANCHOLY (Gr. µe)tayXotia, from µEtas, black, and Xotii, bile)

melancholy of the See also:

• DOGS, ISLE OF

dogs that bark at the See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon; he would interpret the See also:

• JAGUAR
• JAGUAR (Fells onca)

jaguar's dreams, the See also:

• SLEEP (0. Eng. slcepan; Ger. schlafen; cf. Lat. labi, to glide, and " slip ")

sleep of the See also:

• CONDOR (Sarcorhamphus gryphus)

condor . He sees nature with the same wrathful impatience as See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man, praising it for its destructive energies, its haste to crush out human life before the stars fall into See also:

• CHAOS

chaos, and the world with them, as one of the least of stars . He sings the " See also:

• DIES, CHRISTOPH ALBERT (1755-1822)

Dies Irae " exultingly; only seeming to See also:

• DESIRE

desire an end of See also:

• GOD

God as well as of man, universal nothingness . He conceives that he does well to b& angry, and this anger is indeed the See also:

• PERSONAL

personal See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note of his See also:

• PESSIMISM (from Lat. pessimus, worst)

pessimism; but it leaves him somewhat apart from the philosophical poets, too fierce for See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

wisdom and not rapturous enough for poetry . (A .

SY.) See J . Dornis, Leconte de Lisle intime 0895); F . Calmette, Un Demi siecle litteraire, Leconte de Lisle et ses amis (1902) ; See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul See also:

• BOURGET, PAUL CHARLES JOSEPH (1852– )

Bourget, Nouveaux essais de psychologie contemporaine (1885) ; F . Brunetiere, L'See also:

• EVOLUTION

Evolution de la poesie lyrique en See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France au XIX' siecle (1894); See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice Spronck, Les Artistes litteraires (1889) ; J . See also:

• LEMAITRE, FRANCOIS ELIE JULES (1853— )

Lemaitre, Les Contemporains (2nd series, 1886) ; F . Brunetiere, Nouveaux essais sur la litt. contemp . (1895) . LE COQ, See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

ROBERT (d . 1373), French See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, was born at See also:

• MONTDIDIER

Montdidier, although he belonged to a See also:

• BOURGEOIS
• BOURGEOIS, LEON VICTOR AUGUSTE (1851– )

bourgeois See also:

• FAMILY

family of See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans, where he first attended school before coming to Paris . In Paris he became See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

advocate to the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement (1347) ; then See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John appointed him See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of See also:

• REQUESTS, COURT OF

requests, and in 1351, a See also:

• YEAR

year during which he received many other honours, he became bishop of See also:

• LAON

Laon . At the opening of 1354 he was sent with the See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal of See also:

• BOULOGNE, or BOULLONGNE

Boulogne, See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre I., See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• BOURBON
• BOURBON, CHARLES, DUKE OF (149o-1527)

Bourbon, and See also:

• JEAN

Jean VI., See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• VENDOME
• VENDOME, LOUIS JOSEPH

Vendome, to Mantes to treat with See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles the See also:

• BAD, BCD

Bad, king of See also:

• NAVARRE (Span. Navarra)

Navarre, who had caused the See also:

• CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
• CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
• CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
• CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
• CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)

constable, Charles of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, to be assassinated, and from this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time See also:

• DATES

dates his connexion with this king . At the See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting of the estates which opened in Paris in October 1356 Le Coq played a leading role and was one of the most outspoken of the orators, especially when petitions were presented to the dauphin Charles, denouncing the bad See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of the See also:

• REALM

realm and demanding the banishment of the royal councillors .

Soon, however, the See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit of the estates having gone down, he withdrew to his See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese, but at the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the bourgeois of Paris he speedily returned . The king of Navarre had succeeded in escaping from See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison and had entered Paris, where his party was in the ascendant; and Robert le Coq became the most powerful See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person in his See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council . No. one dared to contradict him, and he brought into it whom he pleased . He did not See also:

• SCRUPLE

scruple to reveal to the king of Navarre See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret deliberations, but his See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune soon turned . He ran great danger at the estates of See also:

• COMPIEGNE

Compiegne in May 1358, where his dismissal was demanded, and he had to flee to St See also:

• DENIS (DIoNysms), SAINT
• DENIS, JOHANN NEPOMUK COSMAS MICHAEL (1729-1800)

Denis, where Charles the Bad and See also:

• ETIENNE, CHARLES GUILLAUME (1778-1845)

Etienne See also:

• MARCEL, ETIENNE (d: 1358)

Marcel came to find him . After the death of Marcel, he tried, unsuccessfully, to deliver Laon, his episcopal See also:

• TOWN

town, to the king of Navarre, and he was excluded from the See also:

• AMNESTY (from the Gr. &µvrly-ria, oblivion)

amnesty promised in the treaty of See also:

• CALAIS

Calais (136o) by King John to the partisans of Charles the Bad . His temporalities had been seized, and he was obliged to flee from France . In 1363, thanks to the support of the king of Navarre, he was given the bishopric of See also:

• CALAHORRA (anc. Calagurris)

Calahorra in the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• ARAGON, or ARRAGON (in Span. Aragon)

Aragon, which he administered until his death in 1373 . See L . C . Douet d'Arcq, " Acte d'See also:

• ACCUSATION (Lat. accusatio, accusare, to challenge to a causa, a suit or trial at law)

accusation contre Robert le Coq, eveque de Laon " in Bibliotheque de l'Ecole des Charles, 1st series, t. ii., PP._ 350-387; and R . Delachenal, " La Bibliotheque d'un avocat du XIV siecle, inventaire estimatif des livres de Robert le Coq," in Nouvelle revue historique de See also:

• DROIT (Fr. for " right," from Lat. directus, straight)

droit frangais et etranger (1887), pp .

524-537 .