ADRIENNE See also:

• ADRIENNE LECOUVREUR (1692-1730)

LECOUVREUR (1692-1730)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French actress, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 5th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1692, at Damery, See also:

• MARNE

Marne, the daughter of a hatter, See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert Couvreur . She had an unhappy childhood in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . She showed a natural See also:

• TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent for declamation and was instructed by La See also:

• GRAND

Grand, societaire of the Comedie Francaise, and with his help she obtained a provincial engagement . It was not until 1717, after a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• APPRENTICESHIP (from Fr. apprendre, to learn)

apprenticeship, that she made her Paris debut as Electre, in See also:

• CREBILLON, PROSPER JOLYOT DE (1674-1762)

Crebillon's tragedy of that name, and Angelique in See also:

• MOLIERE (1622-1673)

Moliere's See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George Dandin . Her success was so See also:

• GREAT

great that she was immediately received into the Comedie Frangaise, and for thirteen years she was the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of tragedy there, attaining a popularity never before accorded an actress . She is said to have played no fewer than 1184 times in a See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred roles, of which she created twenty-two . She owed her success largely to her courage in abandoning the See also:

• STILTED

stilted See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style of elocution of her predecessors for a naturalness of delivery and a touching simplicity of pathos that delighted and moved her public . In See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron, who returned to the See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of sixty-seven, she had an able and powerful coadjutor in changing the stage traditions of generations . The See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy she aroused was partly due to her social successes, which were many, in spite of the notorious freedom of her manner of See also:

• LIFE

life . She was on visiting and dining terms with See also:

• HALF

half the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, and her See also:

• SALON

salon was frequented by See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire and all the other notables and men of letters . She was the See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress of See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice de See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe from 1721, and sold her See also:

• PLATE

plate and jewels to See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply him with funds for his See also:

• ILL

ill-starred adventures as See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• COURLAND, or KURLAND

Courland . By him she had a daughter, her third, who was grandmother of the See also:

• FATHER

father of George See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

Sand .

Adrienne See also:

• LECOUVREUR, ADRIENNE (1692-1730)

Lecouvreur died on the loth of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1730 . She was denied the last See also:

• RITES

rites of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church, and her remains were refused See also:

• BURIAL

burial in consecrated ground . Voltaire, in a See also:

• FINE

fine poem on her See also:

• DEATH

death, expressed his indignation at the barbarous treatment accorded to the woman whose " friend, admirer, See also:

• LOVER, SAMUEL (1797-1868)

lover " he was . Her life formed the subject of the well-known tragedy (1849), by See also:

• EUGENE

Eugene See also:

• SCRIBE, AUGUSTIN EUGENE (1791-1860, French dramatist, was born in Paris on the 24th of December 1791. His father was a silk merchant, and he was well educated, being destined for the bar. But, having a real gift for the theatre, a gift which unfortunately

Scribe and Ernest See also:

• LEGOUVE, GABRIEL JEAN BAPTISTE ERNEST WILFRID (1807–1903)

Legouve . LE CREUSOT, a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east-central See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• SAONE

Saone-et-See also:

• LOIRE

Loire, 55 M . S.W. of See also:

• DIJON

Dijon on the Paris-See also:

• LYON, MARY MASON (1797-1849)
• LYON, NATHANIEL (1818-1861)

Lyon railway . Pop . (1906), town, 22,535; See also:

• COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)
• COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL

commune, 33,437• Situated at the See also:

• FOOT

foot of lofty hills in a See also:

• DISTRICT

district See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich in See also:

• COAL

coal and See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron, it has the most extensive iron See also:

• WORKS

works in France . The coal See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

bed of Le Creusot was discovered in the 13th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century; but it was not till 17/4 that the first workshops were founded there . The royal crystal works were transferred from Sevres to Le Creusot in 1787, but this See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry came to an end in 1831 . Meanwhile two or three enterprises for the manufacture of See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal had ended in failure, and it was only in 1836 that the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of iron works by Adolphe and Eugene See also:

• SCHNEIDER, JOHANN GOTTLOB (1750-1822)
• SCHNEIDER, LOUIS (1805-1878)

Schneider definitely inaugurated the See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial prosperity of the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place . The works supplied large quantities of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war material to the French armies during the See also:

• CRIMEAN

Crimean and Franco-See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• WARS

wars .

Since that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time they have continuously enlarged the See also:

• SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)

scope of their operations, which now embrace the manufacture of See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel, See also:

• ARMOUR, PHILIP DANFORTH (1832-1901)

armour-plate, guns, See also:

• ORDNANCE (a syncopated form of " ordinance " or " ordonnance," so spelt in this sense since the 17th century)

ordnance-stores, locomotives, See also:

• ELECTRICAL
• ELECTRICAL (or ELECTROSTATIC) MACHINE

electrical machinery and See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering material of every description . A See also:

• NET

net-See also:

• WORK

work of See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways about 37 M. in length connects the various branches of the works with each other and with the neighbouring See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

Canal du Centre . See also:

• SPECIAL

Special See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention is paid to the welfare of the workers who, not including the miners, number about 12,000, and See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools have been established . In 1897 the ordnance-manufacture of the Societe See also:

• DES

des Forges et Chantiers de la Mediterranee at See also:

• HAVRE
• HAVRE, LE

Havre was acquired by the See also:

• COMPANY

Company, which also has important branches at Chalon-sur-Saone, where See also:

• SHIP

ship-See also:

• BUILDING

building and See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge-construction is carried on. and at See also:

• CETTE

Cette (See also:

• HERAULT

Herault) .