LELEGES  , the name applied by See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek writers to an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• PEOPLE

people or peoples of which traces were believed to remain in Greek lands . r . In See also:

• ASIA

Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor.—In See also:

• HOMER, WINSLOW (1836-191o)

Homer the I.eleges are See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies of the Trojans, but they do not occur in the formal See also:

• CATALOGUE (a Fr. adaptation of the Gr. KaraXoyos, a register, from Karalyety, to enrol or pick out)

catalogue in Iliad, a The number of See also:

• WOMEN

women attending the university as students in any semester is limited by the See also:

• FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant to 500 . 3 See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• JORDAN (the down-comer; Arab. esh-Sheri'a, the watering-place)
• JORDAN, CAMILLE (1771—1821)
• JORDAN, DOROTHEA (1762—1816)
• JORDAN, THOMAS (1612 ?–1685)
• JORDAN, WILHELM (1819–1904)

Jordan was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1851 at See also:

• GAINESVILLE

Gainesville, New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York; was educated at Cornell, where he taught See also:

• BOTANY (from Gr. l3or6v17, plant; ,66vicety, to graze)

botany fora See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time; be, came an- assistant to the See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission in 1872; in 1885–1891 was president of the university of See also:

• INDIANA

Indiana, where from 1879 he had been See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• ZOOLOGY (from Gr. Nov, a living thing, and ?byos, theory)

zoology; and in 1891 was elected president of See also:

• LELAND (LEYLAND Or LAYLONDE), JOHN (c. 1506-1552)
• LELAND, CHARLES GODFREY (1824-1903)
• LELAND, JOHN (1691–1766)

Leland See also:

• STANFORD, SIR CHARLES VILLIERS (1852– )

Stanford Jr . University . An eminent ichthyologist, he wrote, with See also:

• BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH (1766-1815)
• BARTON, BERNARD (1784–1849)
• BARTON, CLARA (1821– )
• BARTON, ELIZABETH (c. 1506–1534)

Barton See also:

• WARREN
• WARREN, GOUVERNEUR KEMBLE (183o-1882)
• WARREN, JOSEPH (1741—1775)
• WARREN, MERCY (1728—1814)
• WARREN, MINTON (1850-1907)
• WARREN, SAMUEL (1807-1877)
• WARREN, SIR JOHN BORLASE, BART
• WARREN, WILLIAM (1812-1888)

Warren Evermann (b . 1853), of the United States See also:

• BUREAU (a Fr. word from burel or bureau, a coarse cloth used for coverings)

Bureau of See also:

• FISHERIES

Fisheries, Fishes of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North and See also:

• MIDDLE

Middle See also:

• AMERICA

America (4 vols., 1896–1900), and See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

Food and See also:

• GAME

Game Fishes of North America (1902); and prepared A See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

Guide to the Study of Fishes (1905) . bk. ii., and their See also:

• HABITAT (a French word derived from habiter, Lat. habitare, to dwell)

habitat is not specified . They are distinguished from the Carians, with whom some later writers confused them; they have a See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king . Altes, and a See also:

• TOWN

town Pedasus which was sacked by See also:

• ACHILLES
• ACHILLES (Gr. 'AxtXXeus)

Achilles . The name Pedasus occurs (i.) near See also:

• CYZICUS

Cyzicus, (ii.) in the See also:

• TROAD, CERAMICS, PLATE

Troad on the Satnioeis See also:

• RIVER

river, (iii.) in See also:

• CARIA

Caria, as well as (iv.) in See also:

• MESSENIA (Gr. M€ rcr vrl or M€o o vta)

Messenia . See also:

• ALCAEUS (Ar earos)

Alcaeus (7th–6th centuries B.C.) calls Antandrus in the Troad Lelegian, but See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus (5th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century) substitutes Pelasgian (q.v.) .

Gargara in the Troad also counted as Lelegian . Pherecydes (5th century) attributed to Leleges the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast See also:

• LAND

land of Caria from See also:

• EPHESUS
• EPHESUS, COUNCIL OF

Ephesus to See also:

• PHOCAEA (mod. Fukia or Fokha)

Phocaea, with the islands of See also:

• SAMOS

Samos and See also:

• CHIOS

Chios, placing the " true Carians " farther See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south from Ephesus to See also:

• MILETUS (mod. Palatia)

Miletus . If this statement be from Pherecydes of Leros (c . 48o) it has See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WEIGHT

weight . In the 4th century, how-ever, See also:

• PHILIPPUS, MARCUS JULIUS

Philippus of Theangela in south Caria describes Leleges still surviving as See also:

• SERFS, SERROS

serfs of the true Carians, and See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo, in the 1st century B.C., attributes to the Leleges a well-marked See also:

• GROUP

group of deserted forts, tombs and dwellings which ranged (and can still be traced) from the neighbourhood of Theangela and See also:

• HALICARNASSUS (mod. Budrum)

Halicarnassus as far north as Miletus, the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern limit of the " true Carians " of Pherecydes . See also:

• PLUTARCH
• PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

Plutarch also implies the historic existence of Lelegian serfs at See also:

• TRALLES (mod. Giizel Hisser)

Tralles in the interior . 2 . In See also:

• GREECE

Greece and the See also:

• AEGEAN

Aegean.—A single passage in the Hesiodic catalogue (fr . 136 See also:

• KINKEL, JOHANN GOTTFRIED (1815-1882)

Kinkel) places Leleges " in See also:

• DEUCALION

Deucalion's time," i.e. as a See also:

• PRIMITIVE

primitive people, in Locris in central Greece . Not until the 4th century B.C. does any other writer See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place them anywhere See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of the Aegean . But the confusion of the Leleges with the Carians (immigrant conquerors akin to Lydians and Mysians, and probably to Phrygians) which first appears in a Cretan See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend (quoted by Herodotus, but repudiated, as he says, by the Carians themselves) and is repeated by See also:

• CALLISTHENES (c. 360–328 B.C.)

Callisthenes, See also:

• APOLLODORUS

Apollodorus and other later writers, led easily to the See also:

• SUGGESTION

suggestion of Callisthenes, that Leleges joined the Carians in their (See also:

• HALF

half legendary) raids on the coasts of Greece . Meanwhile other writers from the 4th century onwards claimed to discover them in See also:

• BOEOTIA

Boeotia, west See also:

• ACARNANIA

Acarnania (Leucas), and later again in See also:

• THESSALY

Thessaly, See also:

• EUBOEA (pronounced Evvia in the modern language)

Euboea, See also:

• MEGARA

Megara, See also:

• LACEDAEMON

Lacedaemon and Messenia .

In 1\Iessenia they were reputed immigrant founders of See also:

• PYLOS (mod. Navarino)

Pylos, and were connected with the seafaring Taphians and Teleboans of Homer, and distinguished from the See also:

• PELASGIANS

Pelasgians; in Lacedaemon and in Leucas they were believed to be aboriginal . These See also:

• EUROPEAN

European Leleges must be interpreted in connexion with the recurrence of place names like Pedasus, Physcus, Larymna and See also:

• ABAE ("A(3ar.)

Abae, (a) in, Caria, and (b) in the " Lelegian " parts of Greece; perhaps this is the result of some early See also:

• MIGRATION

migration; perhaps it is also the cause of these Lelegian theories . See also:

• MODERN

Modern speculations (mainly corollaries of Indo-Germanic theory) add little of value to the Greek accounts quoted above . H . See also:

• KIEPERT, HEINRICH (1818-1899)

Kiepert (" Uber den Volksstamm der Leleges," in Monatsber . Berl . Akad., 1861, p . 114) makes the Leleges an aboriginal people akin to Albanians and Illyrians; K . W . Deimling, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Leleger (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1862), starts them in south-west Asia Minor, and brings them thence to Greece (practically the Greek view) ; G . F . Unger, " Hellas in Thessalien," in Philologus, Suppl. ii .

(1863), makes them Phoenician, and derives their name from aaXagew (cf. the names ,36.0apos,Wdische) . E . See also:

• CURTIUS, ERNST (1814-1896)
• CURTIUS, MARCUS

Curtius (See also:

• HISTORY

History of Greece, i.) distinguished a " Lelegian " phase of nascent Aegean culture . Most later writers follow Deimling . For Strabo's " Lelegian " monuments, cf . See also:

• PATON, JOHN BROWN (1830- )
• PATON, SIR JOSEPH NOEL (1821-1901)

Paton and Myres, See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal of Hellenic Studies, xvi . 188-27o . (J . L .