See also:

• LEMNOS (mod. Limnos)

LEMNOS (mod. Limnos)  , an See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island in the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• AEGEAN

Aegean See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea . The See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of the name, Stalimene, i.e. is Tip Aiµvov, is not used in the island itself, but is commonly employed in See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical See also:

• WORKS

works . The island, which belongs to See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey, is of considerable See also:

• SIZE

size: See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny says that the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast-See also:

• LINE

line measured 1I21 See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles, and the See also:

• AREA

area has been estimated at 150 sq. m . See also:

• GREAT

Great part is mountainous, but some very fertile valleys exist, to cultivate which 2000 yoke of oxen are employed . The See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill-sides afford pasture for 20,000 See also:

• SHEEP
• SHEEP (from the Anglo-Saxon sceap, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; e.g. the German Schaf)

sheep . No forests exist on the island; all See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood is brought from the coast of See also:

• RUMELIA, or ROUMELIA (Turkish Rumili, " the land of the Romans," i.e. the East Roman or Byzantine empire)

Rumelia or from See also:

• THASOS

Thasos . A few mulberry and See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit trees grow, but no See also:

• OLIVES, MOUNT OF, or MOUNT OLIVET ("Opus 'EXc uwos or riov 'EXauav; mod. Jebel-et-Tur)

olives . The See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population is estimated by some as high as 27,000, of whom 2000 are See also:

• TURKS

Turks and the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest Greeks, but other authorities doubt whether it reaches more than See also:

• HALF

half this number . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief towns are Kastro on the western coast, with a population of 4000 Greeks and Soo Turks, and Mudros on the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern coast . Kastro possesses an excellent See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour, and is the seat of all the See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade carried on with the island . See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek, See also:

• ENGLISH

English and Dutch consuls or consular agents were formerly stationed there; but the whole trade is now in Greek hands . The archbishops of See also:

• LEMNOS (mod. Limnos)

Lemnos and Ai Strati, a small neighbouring island with 2000 inhabitants, resides in Kastro .

In See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient times the island was sacred to See also:

• HEPHAESTUS

Hephaestus, who as the See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend tells See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell on Lemnos when his See also:

• FATHER

father See also:

• ZEUS

Zeus hurled him headlong out of See also:

• OLYMPUS

Olympus . This See also:

• TALE (O.Eng. talu, number, account, story; the word is common to many Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Zahl, number, Erzahlung, narrative, Du. taal, speech, language)

tale, as well as the name Aethaleia, sometimes applied to it, points to its volcanic See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . It is said that See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire occasionally blazed forth from Mosychlos, one of its mountains; and See also:

• PAUSANIAS

Pausanias (viii . 33) relates that a small island called Chryse, off the Lemnian coast, was swallowed up by the sea . All volcanic See also:

• ACTION

action is now See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct . The most famous product of Lemnos is the medicinal See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth, which is still used by the natives . At one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time it was popular over western See also:

• EUROPE

Europe under the name terra sigillata . This name, like the Gr . Amaeta a4payyis, is derived from the See also:

• STAMP (from " to stamp," to strike or tread heavily, hence to impress, O. Eng. stempen, Du. stampen, Ger. stampfen, whence, O. Fr. estamper, mod. etamper)

stamp impressed on each piece of the earth ; in ancient times the stamp was the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of See also:

• ARTEMIS

Artemis . The Turks now believe that a See also:

• VASE
• VASE (through Fr. from Lat. vas, a vessel, pl. vasa, of which the singular vasum is rarely found; the ultimate root is probably was-, to cover, seen in Lat: vestis, clothing, Eng. " vest," Gr. to-th c, and also in " wear," of garments)

vase of this earth destroys the effect of any See also:

• POISON

poison drunk from it-a belief which the ancients attached rather to the earth from Cape Kolias in See also:

• ATTICA

Attica . See also:

• GALEN (or GALENUS), CLAUDIUS
• GALEN, CHRISTOPH BERNHARD, FREIHERR VON (16o6-1678)

Galen went to see the digging up of this earth (see See also:

• KUHN, FRANZ FELIX ADALBERT (1812–1881)

Kuhn, Medic . Gr .

See also:

• OPERA (Italian for " work ")

Opera, xii . 172 sq.) ; on one See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day in each See also:

• YEAR

year a priestess performed the due ceremonies, and a waggon-load of earth was dug out . At the See also:

• PRESENT

present time the day selected is the 6th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August, the feast of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ the Saviour . Both the See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish hodja and the Greek See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest are present to perform the necessary ceremonies; the whole See also:

• PROCESS

process takes See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place before daybreak . The earth is sold by apothecaries in stamped cubical blocks . The hill from which the earth is dug is a dry See also:

• MOUND

mound, void of vegetation, beside the See also:

• VILLAGE

village of Kotschinos, and about two See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours from the site of Hephaestia . The earth was considered in ancient times a. cure for old festering wounds, and for the bite of poisonous See also:

• SNAKES

snakes . The name Lemnos is said by Hecataeus (ap . Steph . Byz.) to have been a See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• CYBELE, or CYBEBE (Gr. Ku/3X, Ku,(3i7sn)

Cybele among the Thracians, and the earliest inhabitants are said to have been a Thracian tribe, called by the Greeks Sinties, i.e . " the robbers." According to a famous legend the See also:

• WOMEN

women were all deserted by their husbands, and in revenge murdered every See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man on the island . From this barbarous See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act, the expression Lemnian deeds, Ai7,ieia ipya, became proverbial .

The See also:

• ARGONAUTS ('Apyovavrat, the sailors of the "Argo ")

Argonauts landing soon after found only women in the island, ruled over by Hypsipyle, daughter of the old See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king Thoas . From the Argonauts and the Lemnian women were descended the See also:

• RACE

race called Minyae, whose king Euneus, son of See also:

• JASON ('Iaacov)

Jason and Hypsipyle, sent See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

wine and provisions to the Greeks at See also:

• TROY
• TROY, JEAN FRANCOIS DE (1679–1752)

Troy . The Minyae were expelled by a Pelasgian tribe who came from Attica . The See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element underlying these traditions is probably that the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original Thracian See also:

• PEOPLE

people were gradually brought into communication with the Greeks as See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation began to unite the scattered islands of the Aegean (see JASON); the Thracian inhabitants were barbarians in comparison with the Greek mariners . The See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship of Cybele was characteristic of See also:

• THRACE

Thrace, whither it spread from See also:

• ASIA

Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor at a very See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and it deserves See also:

• NOTICE

notice that Hypsipyle and Myrina (the name of one of the chief towns) are See also:

• AMAZON

Amazon names, which are always connected with See also:

• ASIATIC

Asiatic Cybele-worship . Coming down to a better authenticated period, we find that Lemnos was conquered by Otanes, one of the generals of See also:

• DARIUS (Pers. Darayavaush; Old Test. Daryavesh)

Darius Hystaspis; but was soon reconquered by See also:

• MILTIADES

Miltiades, the See also:

• TYRANT (Gr. r6pavvos, master, ruler)

tyrant Etudes critiques et biographiques (1862) . He died in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on of the Thracian See also:

• CHERSONESE, CHERSONESUS

Chersonese . Miltiades afterwards returned to ! the 14th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1892 .