LIBER  and LIBERA, in See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• MYTHOLOGY

mythology, deities, male and See also:

• FEMALE

female, identified with the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• DIONYSUS (probably = " son of Zeus," from & Os and vv(7os, a Thracian word for " son ")

Dionysus and Persephone . In See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of Liber (also called Liber See also:

• PATER, WALTER HORATIO (1839-1894)

Pater and Bacchus) two festivals were celebrated . In the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country feast of the vintage, held at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the gathering of the grapes, and the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city festival of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 17th called Liberalia (See also:

• OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid, See also:

• FASTI

Fasti, iii . 711) we find purely See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian ceremonial unaffected by Greek See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion . The country festival was a See also:

• GREAT

great merry-making, where the first-fruits of th,e'new must were offered to the gods . It was characterized by the grossest symbolism, in honour of the fertility of nature . In the city festival, growing See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization had impressed a new See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character on the See also:

• PRIMITIVE

primitive religion, and. connected it with the framework of society . At this time the youths laid aside the boy's toga praetexta and assumed the See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man's toga libera or virilis (Fasti, 771) . Cakes of See also:

• MEAL

meal, See also:

• HONEY (Chin. me ; Sansk. madhu, mead, honey; cf. A.S. medo, medu, mead; Gr. p Xt, in which 0 or b is changed into X; Lat. mel ; Fr. miel ; A.S. hung ; Ger. Honig)

honey and oil were offered to the two deities at this festival . Liber was originally an old Italian See also:

• GOD

god of the productivity of nature, especially of the See also:

• VINE

vine . His name indicated the See also:

• FREE

free, unrestrained character of his See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship: When, at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, the Hellenic religion of See also:

• DEMETER

Demeter spread to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, Liber and Libera were identified with Dionysus and Persephone, and associated with another Italian goddess See also:

• CERES

Ceres, who was identified with Demeter . By See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of the Sibylline books, a See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple was built to these three deities near the See also:

• CIRCUS (Lat. circus, Gr. Kipeos or Kptxot, a ring or' circle; probably " circus " and " ring " are of the same origin)

Circus See also:

• FLAMINIUS, GAIUS

Flaminius; the whole cultus was borrowed from the Greeks, down even, to the terminology, and priestesses were brought from the Greek cities .