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JEAN ETIENNE LIOTARD (1702—1789)

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 739 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JEAN ETIENNE LIOTARD (1702—1789)  , French painter, was born at Geneva . He began his studies under Professor Gardelle and Petitot, whose enamels and miniatures he copied with considerable skill . He went to Paris in 1725, studying under J . B . Masse and F. le Moyne, on whose recommendation he was taken to Naples by the
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Marquis Puysieux . In 1735 he was in Rome,
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painting the portraits of Pope Clement XII. and several cardinals . 'Three years later he accompanied Lord Duncannon to Constantinople, whence he went to Vienna in 1742 to paint the portraits of the imperial
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family . His eccentric adoption of
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oriental costume secured him the
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nickname of " the
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Turkish painter." Stil under distinguished patronage he returned to Paris 1744 visited :'::gland, where he painted the princess of Wales in 1753, ant, went to Holland in 1756, where, in the following
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year, he married
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Marie Fargues . Another visit to England followed in 1772, and in the next two years his name figures among the Royal Academy exhibitors . He returned to his native
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town in 1776 and died at Geneva in 1789 . Liotard was an artist of
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great versatility, and though his fame depends largely on his graceful and delicate
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pastel drawings, of which " La Liseuse," the "
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Chocolate Girl," and " La Belle Lyonnaise " at the
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Dresden Gallery are delightful examples, he achieved distinction by his enamels, copperplate engravings and glass painting . He also wrote a
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Treatise on the
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Art of Painting, and was an expert
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collector of paintings by the old masters .

Many of the masterpieces he had acquired were sold by him at high prices on his second visit to England . The museums of

Amsterdam, Berne, and Geneva are particularly rich in examples of his paintings and pastel drawings . A picture of a Turk seated is at the Victoria and Albert Museum, while the
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British Museum owns two of his drawings . The Louvre has, besides twenty-twodrawings, a portrait of General
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Herault and a portrait of the artist is to be found at the Sala dei pittori, in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence . See La
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Vie et
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les oeuvres de
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Jean Etienne Liotard (1702-1789), etude biographique et iconographique, by E . Humbert, A . Revilliod, and J . W . R . Tilanus (Amsterdam, 1897) .

End of Article: JEAN ETIENNE LIOTARD (1702—1789)
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