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LOANDA (Sao Paulo de Loanda)

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 835 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LOANDA (Sao Paulo de Loanda)  , a seaport of See also:West See also:Africa, See also:capital of the Portuguese See also:province of See also:Angola, situated in 8° 48' S., 13° 7' E., on a See also:bay between the See also:rivers Bango and See also:Kwanza . The bay, protected from the surf by a See also:long narrow See also:island of See also:sand, is backed by a See also:low sandy cliff which at its See also:southern end sweeps out with a See also:sharp See also:curve and terminates in a bold point crowned by Fort See also:San See also:Miguel . The See also:depth of See also:water at the entrance to the bay is 20 fathoms or more . The bay has silted up considerably, but there is a See also:good anchorage about 1 z m. from the See also:shore in 7 to 14 ' believed to have been given in a lecture at Kazan in 1826, but fathoms, besides cranage See also:accommodation and a floating See also:dock . Vessels See also:discharge into lighters, and are rarely delayed on See also:account of the See also:weather . A See also:part of the See also:town lies on the See also:foreshore, but the more important buildings—the See also:government offices, the See also:governor's See also:residence, the See also:palace of the See also:bishop of Angola, and the See also:hospital—are situated on higher ground . Most of the See also:European houses are large See also:stone buildings of one See also:storey with red See also:tile See also:roofs . See also:Loanda possesses a meteorological See also:observatory, public See also:garden, tramways, See also:gas-See also:works, statues to See also:Salvador Correia de Sa, who wrested Angola from the Dutch, and to Pedro Alexandrino, a former governor, and is the starting-point of the railway to Ambaca and Malanje . Loanda was founded in 1576, and except between 1640 and 164S, when it was occupied by the Dutch, has always been in Portuguese See also:possession . It was for over two centuries the See also:chief centre of the slave See also:trade between Portuguese West Africa and See also:Brazil . During that See also:time the See also:traffic of the See also:port was of no small account, and after a See also:period of See also:great depression consequent on the suppression of that trade, more legitimate See also:commerce was. See also:developed . There is a See also:regular service of steamers between the port and See also:Lisbon, See also:Liverpool and See also:Hamburg .

The town has some 15,000 inhabitants, including a larger European See also:

population than any other See also:place on the west See also:coast of Africa . It is connected by submarine cables with See also:Europe and See also:South Africa . Fully See also:half the imports and export trade of Angola (q.v.) passes through Loanda .

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