See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

JOSEPH See also:

• NORMAN
• NORMAN, SIR HENRY WYLIE (1826-1904)

NORMAN See also:

• SIR JOSEPH NORMAN LOCKYER (1836– )

LOCKYER (1836– )  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English astronomer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• RUGBY

Rugby on the 17th of May 1836 . After completing his See also:

• EDUCATION

education on the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

Continent of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, he obtained a clerkship in the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

Office in 1857 . His leisure was devoted to the study of See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy, and he was appointed in 187o secretary to the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• DEVONSHIRE (DEvoN)
• DEVONSHIRE, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Devonshire's royal See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission on See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science . In 1875 he was transferred to the Science and See also:

• ART

Art See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

Department at See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• KENSINGTON

Kensington, and on the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of the Royal See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College of Science he became director of the See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

solar physics See also:

• OBSERVATORY

observatory and See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of astronomical physics . Eight See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government expeditions for observing See also:

• TOTAL

total solar eclipses were conducted by him between 187o and 1905 . On the 26th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1868he communicated to the See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy of Sciences, almost simultaneously with Dr P . J . C . See also:

• JANSSEN, JOHANNES (1829-1891)
• JANSSEN, or JANSEN (sometimes JOHNSON), CORNELIUS (1593-1664)
• JANSSEN, PIERRE JULES CESAR (1824–1907)

Janssen, a spectroscopic method for observing the solar prominences in daylight, and the names of both astronomers appear on a See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal which was struck by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French government in 1872 to commemorate the See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery . See also:

• LOCKYER, SIR JOSEPH NORMAN (1836– )

Lockyer was elected a See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of the Royal Society in 1869, and received the See also:

• RUMFORD, BENJAMIN THOMPSON, COUNT (1753-1814)

Rumford medal in 1874 . He initiated in 1866 the spectroscopic observation of sunspots; applied Doppler's principle in 1869 to determine the radial velocities of the chromospheric gases; and successfully investigated the See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry of the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun from 1872 onward . Besides numerous contributions to the Proceedings of the Royal and the Royal Astronomical See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

Societies, he published several books, both explanatory and speculative .

The Chemistry of the Sun (1887) is an elaborate See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on solar See also:

• SPECTROSCOPY (from Lat. spectrum, an appearance, and Gr. a-sore y, to see)

spectroscopy based on the See also:

• HYPOTHESIS (from Gr. inrorcOivat, to put under; cf. Lat. suppositio, from sub-ponere)

hypothesis of elemental See also:

• DISSOCIATION

dissociation through the intensity of solar See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat . The Meteoritic Hypothesis (189o) propounds a comprehensive See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of cosmical See also:

• EVOLUTION

evolution, which has evoked more dissent than approval, while the Sun's See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

Place in Nature (1897) See also:

• LAYS

lays down the lines of a See also:

• CLASSIFICATION (Lat. classis, a class, probably from the root cal-, cla-, as in Gr. icaMce, clamor)

classification of the stars, depending upon their supposed temperature-relations . Among Lockyer's other See also:

• WORKS

works are—The See also:

• DAWN (the 16th-century form of the earlier " Jawing " or " dawning," from an old verb " daw," O. Eng. dagian, to become day; cf. Dutch dagen, and Ger. tagen)

Dawn of Astronomy (1894), to which See also:

• STONEHENGE (Sax. Slanhengist, hanging stones)

Stonehenge and other British See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

Stone Monuments astronomically considered (1906) may be considered a sequel; See also:

• RECENT

Recent and coming Eclipses (1897); and Inorganic Evolution (1900) . He was created K.C.B. in 1897, and acted as See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the British Association in 1903–1904 . His fifth son, See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

WILLIAM See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

JAMES See also:

• STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
• STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
• STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
• STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
• STEWART, J
• STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
• STEWART, JULIUS L
• STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
• STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
• STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
• STEWART, STUART
• STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)

STEWART LOCKYER (b . 1868), devoted himself to solar See also:

• RESEARCH (O. Fr. recerche, from recercher, re- and cercer, mod. chercher, to search; Late Lat. circare, to go round in a circle, to explore)

research, and became See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief assistant in the Solar Physics Observatory, South Kensington .