ETIENNE

See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES DE LOMENIE DE BRIENNE (1727-1794)  , French politician and ecclesiastic, was born at Paris on the 9th of October 1727 . He belonged to a Limousin family, dating from the 15th century, and after a brilliant career as a student entered the Church, as being the best way to attain to a distinguished position . In 1751 he became a doctor of theology, though there were doubts as to the orthodoxy of his thesis . In 1752 he was appointed grand vicar to the archbishop of Rouen . After visiting Rome, he was made bishop of Condom The gift of full citizenship in 49 B.C. made it a part of Italy proper, and Lombardy and Piedmont formed the 11th region of Augustus (Transpadana) while Venetia and Istria formed the loth . It was the second of the regions of Italy in size, but the last in number of towns; it appears, however, to have been prosperous and peaceful, and cultivation flourished in its fertile portions . By the end of the 4th century A.D. the name Liguria had been extended over it, and Milan was regarded as the capital of both . Stranger still, in the 6th century the old Liguria was separated from it, and under the name of Alpes Cottiae formed the 5th Lombard province of Italy . For details of subsequent history see LOMBARDS and ITALY; and for architecture see ARCHITECTURE . G . T . Rivoira in Origin% dell' Architetturo Lombarda (2 vols .

Rome, 1901-1907), successfully demonstrates the classical origin of much that had hitherto been treated by some authorities as "

Byzantine." In the development of Renaissance architecture and art Lombardy played a great part, inasmuch as both Bramante and Leonardo da Vinci resided in Milan at the end of the 15th century .