LONGEV  ITY with

Hugh, and by April r 190 had managed to oust him completely from office . In June 1190 he received a commission as legate from Pope Celestine . He was then master in church as well as state . But his disagreeable appearance and manners, his pride, his contempt for everything English made him de-tested . His progresses through the country with a train of a thousand knights were ruinous to those on whom devolved the burden of entertaining him . Even John seemed preferable to him . John returned to England in 1191; he and his adherents were immediately involved in disputes with William, who was always worsted . At last (June 1191) Geoffrey, archbishop of York and William's earliest benefactor, was violently arrested by William's subordinates on landing at Dover . They exceeded their orders, which were to prevent the archbishop from entering England until he had sworn fealty to Richard . But this outrage was made a pretext for a general rising against William, whose legatine commission had now expired, and whose power was balanced by the presence of the archbishop of Rouen, Walter Coutances, with a commission from the king . William shut himself up in the Tower, but he was forced to surrender his castles and expelled from the kingdom . In 1193 he joined Richard in Germany, and Richard seems to have attributed the settlement soon after concluded between himself and the emperor, to his " dearest chancellor." For the rest of the reign Longchamp was employed in confidential and diplomatic missions by Richard all over the continent, in Germany, in France and at Rome .

He died in

January 1197 . His loyalty to Richard was unswerving, and it was no doubt through his unscrupulous devotion to the royal interest that he incurred the hatred of Richard's English subjects . AUTnomrIEs.—Benedictus, Gesta Henrici, vol., ii.; Giraldus Cambrensis, De Vita Galfridi; Stubbs' Preface to Roger of Hoveden, val. iii.; L . Bovine-Champeaux, Notice sur Guillaume de Longchamp (vrcux, 1885) .