See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century See also:

• SONG

song)  , a See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round See also:

• GAME

game of See also:

• CARDS, PLAYING

cards, played by any number of persons; from five to seven makes the best game . " Three-card See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo " is the game usually played . An See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary See also:

• PACK (apparently from the root pak-, paq-, seen in Lat. pangere, to fasten; cf. " compact ")
• PACK, OTTO VON (c. 1480-1537)

pack of fifty-two cards is used and the See also:

• DEAL

deal passes after each round . Each player must have the same number of deals; but if there is a " loo " (the sum forfeited by a player who plays, but does not win a See also:

• TRICK

trick) in the last deal of a round, the game continues till there is a See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand without a loo . The dealer deals three cards See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face downwards, one by one, to each player and an extra hand called " See also:

• MISS

miss," and turns up the See also:

• TOP (cf. Dan. top, Ger. Topf, also meaning pot)

top of the undealt cards for trumps . Each player contributes tothe See also:

• POOL

pool a sum previously agreed upon . The unit for a single stake should be divisible by three without a See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder, e.g. three counters or three pence . The players are See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound to put in the stake before the deal is completed . Each player in rotation, beginning from the dealer's See also:

• LEFT

left, looks at his cards, and declares whether he will See also:

• PLAY

play, or pass, or take " miss." If the former, he says " I play." If he takes miss he places his cards face downwards in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the table, and takes up the extra hand . If he passes, he similarly places his cards face downwards in the middle of the table . If miss is taken, the subsequent players only have the See also:

• OPTION (Lat. optio, choice, choosing, optare, to choose)

option of playing or passing . A player who takes miss must play .

Those who are now left in play one card each in rotation, beginning from the dealer's left, the cards thus played constituting a trick . The trick is won by the highest card of the suit led, or, if trumped, by the highest See also:

• TRUMP (1) (O. Fr. trompe)

trump, the cards ranking as at See also:

• WHIST

whist . The winner of the trick leads to the next, and so on, until the hand is played out . The cards remain face upwards in front of the persons placing them . If the See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader holds See also:

• ACE (derived through the Lat. as, from the Tarentine form of the Gr. etc)

ace of trumps he must See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead it (or See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, if ace is turned up) . If the leader has two trumps he must lead one of them, and if one is ace (or king, ace being turned up) he must lead it . With this exception the leader is not bound to lead his highest trump if more than two declare to play; but if there are only two declared players the leader with more than one trump must lead the highest . Except with trumps as above stated he may lead any card he chooses . The subsequent players must See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head the trick if able, and must follow suit if able . Holding none of the suit led, they must head the trick with a trump, if able . Otherwise they may play any card they please . The winner of the first trick is subject to the rules already stated respecting the lead, and in addition he must lead a trump if able (called trump after trick) .

When the hand has been played out, the winners of the tricks See also:

• DIVIDE

divide the pool, each receiving one-third of the amount for each trick . If only one has declared to play, the dealer plays miss either for himself or for the pool . If he plays for the pool he must declare before seeing miss that he does not play for himself . Any tricks he may win, when playing for the pool, remain there as an addition to the next pool . Other rules provide that the dealer must play, if only one player stands, with his own cards or with " miss." If miss is gone and against him, he may defend with the three top cards of the pack, excluding the trump card; these cards are called " See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master." If each declared player wins at least one trick it is a single, i.e. a fresh pool is made as already described; but if one of the declared players fails to make a trick he is looed . Then only the player who is looed contributes to the next pool . If more than one player is looed, each has to contribute . At unlimited loo each player looed has to put in the amount there was in the pool . But it is often agreed to limit the loo, so that it shall not exceed a certain fixed sum . Thus, at eighteen-See also:

• PENNY (Mid. Eng. peni or peny, from O. Eng. form penig, earlier penning and pending; the word appears in Ger. Pfennig and Du. penning; it has been connected with Du. pand, Ger. Pfand, and Eng. " pawn,". the word meaning a little pledge or token, or with G
• PENNY, GIANFRANCESCO (1488–1528)

penny loo, the loo is generally limited to See also:

• HALF

half a See also:

• GUINEA

guinea . If there is less than the limit in the pool the See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment is regulated as before; but if there is more than the limit, the loo is the fixed sum agreed on . The game is sometimes varied by " forces," i.e. by compelling every one to play in the first deal, or when there is no loo the previous deal, or whenever clubs are trumps (" See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

club See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law ") .

When there is a force no miss is dealt . " Irish loo " is played by allowing declared players to See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange some or all of their cards for cards dealt from the top of the pack . There is no miss, and it is not compulsory to lead a trump with two trumps, unless there are only two declared players . At " five-card loo " each player has five cards instead of three, and a single stake should be divisible by five . " Pam " (See also:

• KNAVE (O.E. cnafa, cognate with Ger. Knabe, boy)

knave of clubs) ranks as the highest trump, whatever suit is turned up . There is no miss, and cards may be exchanged as at Irish loo . If ace of trumps is led, the leader says " Pam be See also:

• CIVIL

civil," when the holder of that card must pass the trick if he can do so without revoking . A flush (five cards of the same suit, or four with Pam) " loos the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board," i.e. the holder receives the amount of a loo from every one, and the hand is not played . A trump flush takes See also:

• PRECEDENCE (from Lat. praecedere, to go before, precede)

precedence of flushes in other suits . If more than one flush is held, or if Pam is held, the holder is exempted from payment . As between two flushes which do not take precedence, the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder hand wins . A single stake should be divisible by five .