See also:

• CARLOS, DON (1545-1568)
• CARLOS, DON (1788-1855)
• CARLOS, DON (CHARLES MARIA DE LOS DOLORES JUAN ISIDOR.E JOSEPH FRANCIS QUIRIN ANTONY MICHAEL GABRIEL RAPHAEL) (1848—1909)

CARLOS See also:

• ANTONIO
• ANTONIO (1429—1498)
• ANTONIO, NICOLAS (1617-1684)

ANTONIO See also:

• CARLOS ANTONIO LOPEZ (1790-1862)

LOPEZ (1790-1862)  , Paraguayan autocrat, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• ASUNCION (NUESTRA SENORA DE LA ASUNCION)

Asuncion on the 4th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1790, and was educated in the ecclesiastical See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary of that See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . He attracted the hostility of the See also:

• DICTATOR (from the Lat. dictare, frequentative of dicere, to speak)

dictator, See also:

• FRANCIA (c. 1450-1517)
• FRANCIA, JOSE GASPAR RODRIGUEZ (c. 1757-1840)

Francia, and he was forced to keep in hiding for several years . He acquired, however, so unusual a knowledge of See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law and governmental affairs 'that, on Francia's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1840, he obtained an almost undisputed See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of the Paraguayan See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, which he maintained uninterruptedly until his death on the loth of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1862 . He was successively secretary of the ruling military See also:

• JUNTA (from juntar, to join)

junta (1840-1841), one of the two consuls (1841—1844), and See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president with dictatorial See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers (1844—1862) by successive elections for ten and three years, and in 1857 again for ten years, with See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power to nominate his own successor . Though nominally a president acting under a republican constitution, he ruled despotically . His See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government was in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general directed with See also:

• WISE, HENRY ALEXANDER (1806-1876)
• WISE, ISAAC MAYER (1819-1900)

wise See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy towards developing the material resources and strengthening the military power of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . His See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy of See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign approach several times involved him in See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic disputes with See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and the See also:

• UNITED

United States, which nearly resulted in See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war, but each See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he extricated himself by skilful evasions . His eldest son, FRANCISCO SOLANO See also:

• LOPEZ, CARLOS ANTONIO (1790-1862)

LOPEZ (1826-1870), was born near Asuncion on the 24th of See also:

• JULY

July 1826 . When in his nineteenth See also:

• YEAR

year he was made See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the Paraguayan See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, during the spasmodic hostilities then prevailing with the See also:

• ARGENTINE

Argentine See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

Republic . He was sent in 1853 as See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister to England, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, and spent a year and a See also:

• HALF

half in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . He See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased large quantities of arms and military supplies, together with several steamers, and organized a project for See also:

• BUILDING

building a railroad and establishing a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony in See also:

• PARAGUAY

Paraguay . He also formed the acquaintance of Madame See also:

• LYNCH, PATRICIO (1825–1886)

Lynch, an Irish adventuress of many talents and popular qualities, who became his See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress, and strongly influenced his later ambitious schemes .

Returning to Paraguay, he became in 1855 minister of war, and on his See also:

• FATHER

father's death in 1862 at once assumed the reins of government as See also:

• VICE

vice-president, in accordance with a See also:

• PROVISION (Lat. provisio)

provision of his father's will, and called a See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress by which he was chosen president for ten years . In 1864, in his self-styled capacity of " See also:

• PROTECTOR

protector of the See also:

• EQUILIBRIUM (from the Lat. aequus, equal, and libra, a balance)

equilibrium of the La See also:

• PLATA, RIO DE LA, or RIVER PLATE

Plata," he demanded that Brazil should abandon her armed interference in a revolutionary struggle then in progress in See also:

• URUGUAY (officially the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay, and long locally called the Banda Oriental, meaning the land on the eastern side of the river Uruguay, from which the country takes its name)

Uruguay . No See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention being paid to his demand, he seized a Brazilian See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant steamer in the See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour of . Asuncion, and threw into See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison the Brazilian See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Matto Grosso who was on See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board . In the following See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month (See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1864) he despatched a force to invade Matto Grosso, which seized and sacked its See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital See also:

• CUYABA, or CUTABA

Cuyaba, and took See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of the province and its See also:

• DIAMOND

diamond mines . Lopez next sought to send an army to the See also:

• RELIEF

relief of the Uruguayan president Aguirro against the revolutionary aspirant See also:

• FLORES

Flores, who was supported by Brazilian troops . The refusal of the Argentine president, See also:

• MITRE (Lat. mitra, from Gr. j4rpa, a band, head-band, head-dress)

Mitre, to allow this force to See also:

• CROSS

cross the intervening province of See also:

• CORRIENTES
• CORRIENTES (San Juan de Corrientes)

Corrientes, was seized upon by Lopez as an occasion for war with the Argentine Republic . A congress, hastily summoned, and composed of his own nominees, bestowed upon Lopez the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal, with extraordinary war powers, and on See also:

• APRIL

April 13, 1865, he declared war, at the same time seizing two Argentine war-vessels in the See also:

• BAY

bay of Corrientes, and on the next See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day occupied the See also:

• TOWN

town of Corrientes, instituted a provisional government of his Argentine partisans, and summarily announced the See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation to Paraguay of the provinces of Corrientes and Entre Rios . Meantime the party of Flores had been successful in Uruguay, and that state on April the 18th united with the Argentine Republic in a See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration of war on Paraguay . On the 1st of May Brazil joined these two states in a See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance, which stipulated that they should unitedly prosecute the war " until the existing government of Paraguay should be overthrown," and " until no arms or elements of war should be See also:

• LEFT

left to it." This agreement was literally carried out . The war which ensued, lasting until the 1st of April 1870, was carried on with See also:

• GREAT

great stubbornness and with alternating fortunes, though with a steadily increasing See also:

• TIDE (O. Eng. lid, cf. Ger. Zeit, time or season, connected with root of Sanskrit a-diti, endless)

tide of disasters to Lopez (see PARAGUAY) . In 1868, when the See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies were pressing him hard, his mind, naturally suspicious and revengeful, led him to conceive that a See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy had been formed against his See also:

• LIFE

life in his own capital and by his chief adherents .

Thereupon several See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred of the chief Paraguayan citizens were seized and executed by his See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order, including his See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers and brothers-in-law, See also:

• CABINET

cabinet ministers, See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges, prefects, military See also:

• OFFICERS

officers, bishops and priests, and nine-tenths of the See also:

• CIVIL

civil officers, together with more than two hundred foreigners, among them several members of the diplomatic legations . Lopez was at last driven with a See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere handful of troops to the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern frontier of Paraguay, where, on the 1st of April 187o, he was surprised by a Brazilian force and killed as he was endeavouring to See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape by See also:

• SWIMMING (from " swim," A.S. swimman, the root being common in Teutonic languages)

swimming the See also:

• RIVER

river Aquidaban .