LORIENT  , a maritime See also:

• TOWN

town of western See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of an See also:

• ARRONDISSEMENT (from arrondir, to make round)

arrondissement in the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• MORBIHAN

Morbihan, on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Scorff at its confluence with the Blavet, 34 M . W. by N. of See also:

• VANNES

Vannes by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (1oo6) 40,848 . The town is See also:

• MODERN

modern and regularly built . Its See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of See also:

• INTEREST

interest are the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis (1709) and a statue by A . See also:

• MERCIE, MARIUS JEAN ANTONIN (1845– )

Mercie of See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor Masse, the composer, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Lorient in 1822 . It is one of the five maritime prefectures in France and the first See also:

• PORT

port for See also:

• NAVAL

naval construction in the. See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . The naval port to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the town is formed by the channel of the Scorff, on the right bank of which the chief naval establishments are situated . These include magazines, foundries, forges, fitting-shops, rope-See also:

• WORKS

works and other workshops on the most extensive See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale, as well as a graving See also:

• DOCK

dock, a covered slip and other slips . A floating See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge connects the right bank with the See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula of Caudan formed by the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union of the Scorff and Blavet . Here are the See also:

• SHIPBUILDING

shipbuilding yards covering some 38 acres, and comprising nine slips for large vessels and two others for smaller vessels, besides forges and workshops for See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron See also:

• SHIP

ship-See also:

• BUILDING

building .

The commercial port to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of the town consists of an See also:

• OUTER

outer tidal port protected by a See also:

• JETTY

jetty and of an inner dock, both lined by See also:

• FINE

fine quays planted with trees . It separates the older See also:

• PART

part of the town, which is hemmed in by fortifications from a newer See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter . In 1905, 121 vessels of 28,785 tons entered with See also:

• CARGO (Span. for " loading," from Lat. carries, car)

cargo and 145 vessels of 38,207 tons cleared . The chief export is See also:

• PIT (O. E. pytt, cognate with Du. put, Ger. Pfutze, &c., all ultimately adaptations of Lat. puteus, well, formed from root pu-, to cleanse, whence gurus, clean, pure)

pit-See also:

• TIMBER

timber, the chief import is See also:

• COAL

coal . Fishing is actively carried on . Lorient is the seat of a sub-See also:

• PREFECT (prefet)

prefect, of commercial and maritime tribunals and of a tribunal of first instance, and has a chamber of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce, a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade-arbitrators, a lycee, See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools of See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation, and naval See also:

• ARTILLERY (the O. Fr. artiller, to equip with engines of war, probably comes from Late Lat. articulum, dim. of ars, art, cf. " engine " from ingenium, or of artus, joint)

artillery . Private See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry is also engaged in iron-working and See also:

• ENGINE
• ENGINE (Lat. ingenium)

engine making . The trade in fresh See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish, sardines, oysters (which are reared near Lorient) and tinned vegetables is important and the manufacture of See also:

• BASKET

basket-See also:

• WORK

work, See also:

• TIN (Lat.- stannum, whence the chemical symbol " Sn "; atomic weight =117.6, 0=16)

tin-boxes and passementerie, and the preparation of preserved sardines and vegetables are carried on . The road-See also:

• STEAD, WILLIAM THOMAS (1849– )

stead, formed by the See also:

• ESTUARY (from the Lat. aestuarium, a place reached by aestus, the tide)

estuary of the Blavet, is accessible to vessels of the largest See also:

• SIZE

size; the entrance, 3 or 4 M. south from Lorient, which is defended by numerous forts, is marked on the east by the peninsula of Gavres (an artillery practising ground) and the fortified town of Port Louis; on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west are the fort of Loqueltas and, higher up, the See also:

• BATTERY (Fr. batterie, from battles, to beat)

battery of Kernevel . In the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the channel is the See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock of St See also:

• MICHEL
• MICHEL, CLAUDE
• MICHEL, FRANCISQUE XAVIER (1809-1887)

Michel, occupied by a See also:

• POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder See also:

• MAGAZINE

magazine . Opposite it, on the right bank of the Blavet, is the mouth of the See also:

• RIVER

river Ter, with fish and See also:

• OYSTER

oyster breeding establishments from which 10 millions of oysters are annually obtained . The roadstead is provided with six lighthouses .

Above Lorient on the Scorff, here spanned by a suspension bridge, is Kerentrech, a See also:

• PRETTY

pretty See also:

• VILLAGE

village surrounded by numerous country houses . Lorient took the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of . Port.Louis:as!.tit ;port of the Blavet . The latter stands. on the..site;.of.an;See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• HAMLET

hamlet which was fortified during. the See also:

• WARS

wars of the See also:

• LEAGUE

League and handed over by See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip See also:

• EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

Emmanuel, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Morcoeur, to the Spaniards . After the treaty of Vervins it was restored to France, and it received its name of Port Louis under See also:

• RICHELIEU, ARMAND EMMANUEL SOPHIE SEPTEMANIE DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, ARMAND JEAN DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, LOUIS FRANCOIS ARMAND DU PLESSIS

Richelieu . Some See also:

• BRETON, BRITTON
• BRETON, JULES ADOLPHE

Breton merchants trading with the Indies had established themselves first at Port Louis, but in 1628 they built their warehouses on the other bank . The Compagnie See also:

• DES

des Indes Orientales, created in 1664, took See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of these, giving them the name of 1'Orient . In 1745 the Compagnie des Indes, then at the See also:

• ACME (Gr. 6.Kµii, point)

acme of its prosperity, owned See also:

• THIRTY

thirty-five See also:

• SHIPS

ships of the largest class and many others of considerable size . Its decadence See also:

• DATES

dates from the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, and in 1770 its See also:

• PROPERTY

property was ceded to the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . In 1782 the town was See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by Louis XVI.. from its owners, the See also:

• ROHAN
• ROHAN, HENRI
• ROHAN, LOUIS RENE EDOUARD, CARDINAL DE (1734-1803)

Rohan-Guemene See also:

• FAMILY

family . In 1746 the English under See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard Lestock made an unsuccessful attack on Lorient .