LOUISVILLE  , the largest See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• KENTUCKY

Kentucky, U.S.A., and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of See also:

• JEFFERSON
• JEFFERSON, JOSEPH (1829-1905)
• JEFFERSON, THOMAS (1743-1826)

Jefferson county, on the See also:

• OHIO

Ohio See also:

• RIVER

river, Iso m. by See also:

• RAIL

rail and 130 M. by See also:

• WATER

water S.W. of See also:

• CINCINNATI

Cincinnati . Pop . (1890) 161,129; (1900) 204,731, of whom 21,427 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born (including 12,383 Germans and 4198 Irish) and 39,139 were negroes; (1910 See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census) 223,928 . Louisville occupies 40 sq. m. of a See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain, about 70 sq. m. in extent, about 6o ft. above the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low-water See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark of the river,and nearly enclosed by hills . The city extends for 8 m. along the river (spanned here by three See also:

• BRIDGES
• BRIDGES, ROBERT (1844– )

bridges), which falls 26 ft. in 2 m., but for 6 m. above the rapids spreads out into a beautiful See also:

• SHEET

sheet of quiet water about 1 m. wide . The streets intersect at right angles, are from 6o to 120 ft. wide, and are, for the most See also:

• PART

part, well-shaded . The wholesale See also:

• DISTRICT

district, with its See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco warehouses, is largely along See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

Main See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street, which runs E. and W. not far from the river; and the See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart of the shopping district is along See also:

• FOURTH

Fourth Street in the dozen blocks S. of Main Street . Adjoining the shopping district on the S. is the old See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section; the newer residences are on "The See also:

• HIGHLANDS, THE

Highlands" at the E. end and also at the W. end . The city is served by the See also:

• BALTIMORE
• BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT, 1ST BARON (C. 1580—1632)

Baltimore & Ohio See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South-Western, the Chesapeake & Ohio, the See also:

• PITTSBURG
• PITTSBURG, or PITTSBURGH

Pittsburg, Cincinnati, See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago & St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis, the Louisville, See also:

• HENDERSON
• HENDERSON, ALEXANDER (1583-1646)
• HENDERSON, EBENEZER (1784-1858)
• HENDERSON, GEORGE FRANCIS ROBERT (1854-1903)
• HENDERSON, JOHN (1747-1785)

Henderson & St Louis, the See also:

• ILLINOIS

Illinois Central, the Chicago, See also:

• INDIANA

Indiana & Louisville, the See also:

• CLEVELAND
• CLEVELAND (or CLEIVELAND), JOHN (1613—1658)
• CLEVELAND, BARBARA VILLIERS, DUCHESS OF (1641-1709)
• CLEVELAND, STEPHEN GROVER (1837-1908)

Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St Louis, the See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern and the Louisville & See also:

• NASHVILLE

Nashville See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways; by See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam-See also:

• BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

boat lines to See also:

• MEMPHIS

Memphis, See also:

• CAIRO
• CAIRO (Arabic Misr-al-Kahira, or simply Misr)

Cairo, See also:

• EVANSVILLE

Evansville, Cincinnati and Pitts-See also:

• BURG

burg; by an extensive See also:

• SYSTEM

system of inter-See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

urban electric lines; and by ferries to See also:

• JEFFERSONVILLE

Jeffersonville and New See also:

• ALBANY
• ALBANY, DUKES OF
• ALBANY, LOUISE MAXIMILIENNE CAROLINE, COUNTESS OF (1752-1824)

Albany, ,Indiana, two attractive residential suburbs . Many of the business houses are old-fashioned and low . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal public buildings are the See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government See also:

• BUILDING

building, the Jefferson county See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house and the city See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall . In front of the court house stands a See also:

• BRONZE

bronze statue of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Jefferson, designed by See also:

• MOSES (Gr. Mwvo c, Mcoo-i3s)
• MOSES, ASSUMPTION OF

Moses See also:

• EZEKIEL (SKpm', " God strengthens" or " God is strong "; Sept. 'IE'EKL?)X; Vulg. Ezechiel)

Ezekiel (b .

1844), and inside of the court house a See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble statue of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

Clay by See also:

• JOEL
• JOEL, MANUEL (1826–189o)

Joel T . See also:

• HART, ALBERT BUSHNELL (1854– )
• HART, CHARLES (d. 1683)
• HART, ERNEST ABRAHAM (1835–1898)
• HART, SIR ROBERT
• HART, WILLIAM (1823–1894)

Hart (1810--187o) . There are few or no large congested See also:

• TENEMENT (Med. Lat. tenetnentum, from tenere, to hold)

tenement-house districts; most of the wage-earners own their own homes or See also:

• RENT

rent cottages . Louisville has an extensive See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park system, most of which was acquired after 1889 and is on the outskirts . From the heart of the city South Parkway, 150 ft. wide, extends S . 6 m. to the entrance to See also:

• IROQUOIS

Iroquois Park (67o acres) on a wooded See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill . At the E. end of Broadway. is See also:

• CHEROKEE
• CHEROKEE (native Tsalagi, " cave people ")

Cherokee Park (nearly 330 acres), near which is the beautiful See also:

• CAVE (Lat. cavea, from caves, hollow)
• CAVE, EDWARD (1691–1754)
• CAVE, WILLIAM (1637–1713)

Cave Hill See also:

• CEMETERY (Gr. Korrsnri7pwv, from Hoiµav, to sleep)

Cemetery, containing the See also:

• GRAVE

grave of See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• ROGERS, HENRY DARWIN (18o8—1866)
• ROGERS, JAMES EDWIN THOROLD (1823-1890)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1627–c. 1665)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1829-1904)
• ROGERS, JOHN (c. 1500-1555)
• ROGERS, ROBERT (1727-1784?)
• ROGERS, S
• ROGERS, SAMUEL (1763-1855)
• ROGERS, WILLIAM (1819-1896)

Rogers See also:

• CLARK, FRANCIS EDWARD (1851- )
• CLARK, GEORGE ROGERS (1752—1818)
• CLARK, JOHN BATES (1847— )
• CLARK, JOSIAH LATIMER (1822—1898)
• CLARK, SIR ANDREW
• CLARK, SIR JAMES (1788—1870)
• CLARK, THOMAS (1801—1867)
• CLARK, WILLIAM (1770-1838)
• CLARK, WILLIAM GEORGE (1821—1878)

Clark, the founder of the city, and the See also:

• GRAVES, ALFRED PERCEVAL (1846— )

graves of several members of the See also:

• FAMILY

family of George See also:

• KEATS, JOHN (1795-1821)

Keats, the poet's See also:

• BROTHER

brother, who lived in Louisville for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time; and at the W. end of Broadway, See also:

• SHAWNEE

Shawnee Park (about 170 acres), with a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long sandy river See also:

• BEACH

beach frequented by bathers . Central Park occupies the space of two city squares in the old fashionable residence districts . Through the efforts of a Recreation See also:

• LEAGUE

League organized in 1901 a few playgrounds are set apart for See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children . Louisville is a noted racing centre and has some See also:

• FINE

fine tracks; the Kentucky See also:

• DERBY
• DERBY, EARLS OF

Derby is held here annually in May . The United States government has a marine See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

hospital, and a See also:

• LIFE

life-saving station at the rapids of the river . The See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state has a school for the See also:

• BLIND, MATHILDE (1841—1896)

blind, in connexion with which is the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

Printing House for the Blind .

There are state hospitals and many other charitable institutions . The principal educational institutions are the university of Louisville, which has a See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College of Liberal Arts (1907), a See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department (1847), and a medical department (1837)—with which in 1907 were consolidated the Hospital College of See also:

• MEDICINE

Medicine (1873), the Medical Department of Kentucky University (1898), the Louisville Medical College (1869), and the Kentucky School of Medicine (185o); the Southern Baptist Theological See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary (1859); the Presbyterian Theological Seminary of Kentucky, which was formed in 1901 by the consolidation of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church at See also:

• DANVILLE

Danville (1853) and the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary (1893); the Louisville College of.See also:

• PHARMACY

Pharmacy (1871), and the Louisville College of See also:

• DENTISTRY (from Lat. dens, a tooth)

Dentistry (1887), a department of Central University . There are many musical clubs, and a See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring festival for which a See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• CHORUS (Gr. xopbs)Z

chorus furnishes the See also:

• NUCLEUS (Lat. for the kernal of a nut, nux, the stone of fruit)

nucleus, is held annually . The Louisville Public Library was established in 1902, and 1904 acquired the library, the small museum (containing the Troost collection of minerals) and the See also:

• ART

art See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery of the See also:

• POLYTECHNIC (Gr. aroWus, many, and rEXvn, an art)

Polytechnic Society of Louisville (1878), which for many years had maintained the only public library in the city . The principal See also:

• NEWSPAPERS

newspapers are the See also:

• COURIER (from the O. Fr. courier, modern courrier, from Lat. currere, to run)
• COURIER, PAUL LOUIS (1773`1825)

Courier See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal (Democratic, See also:

• MORNING

morning), the Beraid (Republican, morning), the Evening See also:

• POST

Post (See also:

• INDEPENDENT

Independent Democratic), and the Times (Democratic, evening) . The Courier Journal is one of the most influential newspapers in the South . Henry See also:

• WATTERSON, HENRY (184o– )

Watterson became editor in 1868, when the Courier (1843), established and owned by See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter N . See also:

• HALDEMAN, SAMUEL STEHMAN (1812-188o)

Haldeman, was consolidated with the Journal (183o), of which Watterson had become editor in 1867, and with the Democrat (1844) . The richness of the surrounding See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country in agricultural produce, See also:

• TIMBER

timber, See also:

• COAL

coal and See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron, and its transport facilities have made Louisville a large commercial and manufacturing centre . The See also:

• LEAF (O. Eng. leaf, cf. Dutch loof, Ger. Laub, Swed. lof, &c.; possibly to be referred to the root seen in Gr. Ma-eta, to peel, strip)

leaf-tobacco See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market is the largest in the See also:

• WORLD

world, most of the leaf-tobacco produced in Kentucky, which in 1900 was 34'9 % of the entire See also:

• CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop of the United States, being handled in Louisville; the city's See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in See also:

• WHISKY, or WHISKEY

whisky, mules and See also:

• CEMENT (from Lat. caementum, rough pieces of stone, a shortened form of caedimentum, from caedere, to cut)

cement' is notably large, and that in pork, See also:

• WHEAT
• WHEAT (Triticum)

wheat, See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn, coal and See also:

• LUMBER

lumber is extensive . The See also:

• TOTAL

total value of the manufactured products increased from $54,515,226 in 1890 to $78,746,390 in 1900 or 44.4%, and between 1900 and 1905 the value of the factory-made product increased from $66,110,474 to $83,204,125, an increase of 25.9% . Large quantities of fine See also:

• BOURBON
• BOURBON, CHARLES, DUKE OF (149o-1527)

bourbon whisky are distilled here; in 1905 the value of the factory product of the city was $3,878,004 .

The most valuable manufacture in the same See also:

• YEAR

year was smoking and chewing tobacco (especially plug tobacco) and See also:

• SNUFF (from " to snuff, " i.e. to inhale, to draw in through the nose; cf. Dutch snuf, scent, Ger. Schnupfen, a cold, catarrh, and Eng. " snuffle, " " sniff, " &c.)

snuff valued at $11,635,367—which product with that of cigars and cigarettes ($1,225,347) constituted 15.5% of the value of the factory products of the city . Other important manufactures in 1905 were: packed meats, particularly pork; men's clothing, especially " Kentucky jeans "; See also:

• FLOUR

flour and grist See also:

• MILL
• MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
• MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
• MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
• MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)

mill products; See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton-See also:

• SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed oil and cake; See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, especially See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole leather; foundry and See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine See also:

• SHOP

shop products; steam-railway cars; See also:

• COOPER
• COOPER (or COUPER), THOMAS (c. 1517-1594)
• COOPER, ABRAHAM (1787—1868)
• COOPER, ALEXANDER (d. i66o)
• COOPER, CHARLES HENRY (18o8-1866)
• COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE (1789-1851)
• COOPER, PETER (1791-1883)
• COOPER, SAMUEL (1609-1672)
• COOPER, SIR ASTLEY PASTON (1768-1841)
• COOPER, THOMAS (1759–1840)
• COOPER, THOMAS (1805–1892)
• COOPER, THOMAS SIDNEY (1803–1902)

cooper-See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age; See also:

• MALT (O. Eng., mealt; O. Sax., malt; O. Tent., maltos; Mod. Ger., Malz; Scand., malt; probably derived from the Sanskrit mrdu, soft, thus having reference to the fact that malt is raw grain rendered soft or tender)

malt liquors; carriages and wagons, especially See also:

• FARM

farm wagons; and See also:

• CARRIAGE

carriage and See also:

• WAGON, or WAGGON

wagon materials; agricultural implements, especially ploughs; and plumbers' supplies, including See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast-iron See also:

• GAS

gas and water pipes . Besides, there were many other manufactures . The city's water-See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply is taken from the Ohio river a few See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles above the city limits, and purified by large filtering See also:

• PLANTS

plants . Nearly all the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital stock of the water-See also:

• WORKS

works See also:

• COMPANY

company is owned by the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality . Louisville is governed under a See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter of 1893, which is in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of an See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of the state legislature for the government of cities of the first class (Louisville is the only city of the first class in the state) . The See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor is elected for four years, and appoints, subject to the approval of the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of aldermen, the controller and the members of the two principal executive boards—the board of public works and the board of public safety . The legislative See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power is vested in a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council composed of 12 aldermen and 24 councilmen . Both aldermen and councilmen serve without pay, and are elected on a general See also:

• TICKET (O. Fr. esliquet, also estiquette, mod. etiquette, from Ger. sleeken, to stick up)

ticket for a See also:

• TERM

term of two years; not more than two councilmen may be residents of the same See also:

• WARD
• WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
• WARD, ARTEMUS
• WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
• WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
• WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
• WARD, JAMES (1843– )
• WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
• WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
• WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
• WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
• WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)

ward, but there is no such See also:

• LIMITATION, STATUTES OF

limitation in regard to aldermen . The treasurer, tax-See also:

• RECEIVER

receiver, auditor, See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge of the See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police court, clerk of the police court, members of the board of school trustees (1 from each legislative district) and members of the park See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission are elected by popular See also:

• VOTE

vote; the See also:

• ASSESSOR (Lat. assessare, assidere, to sit by)

assessor, by the general council . The duration of franchises given by the city is limited to 20 years . See also:

• HISTORY

History.—The site of the city was probably visited by La Salle in 1669 or 167o .

In See also:

• JULY

July 1773, See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

Captain Thomas Bullitt,2 acting under a commission from the College of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William and See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, surveyed a See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract of 2000 acres, lying opposite the Falls of the Ohio, and laid out a See also:

• TOWN

town site upon this tract . See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel William See also:

• PRESTON
• PRESTON, JOHN (1587-1628)

Preston, county surveyor of Fincastle county, within which the 2000-See also:

• ACRE
• ACRE, or AQUIRY

acre tract See also:

• LAY

lay, refused to approve Captain Bullitt's survey, and had the lands resurveyed in the following year, nevertheless the tract was conveyed in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1773 by See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• DUNMORE

Dunmore to his friend Dr See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Connolly, a native of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster county, See also:

• PENNSYLVANIA
• PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Pennsylvania, who had served in the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, as See also:

• COMMANDER

commander of Fort See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt (under Dunmore's See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment), was an instigator of Indian troubles which culminated in the See also:

• BATTLE

Battle of Point Pleasant, and was imprisoned from 1775 until nearly the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War of American See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence for attempting under Dunmore's instructions to organize the " Loyal Foresters," who 'Louisville cement, one of the best-known varieties of natural cement, was first manufactured in See also:

• SHIPPING

Shipping See also:

• PORT

Port, a suburb of Louisville, in 1829 for the construction of the Louisville & See also:

• PORTLAND
• PORTLAND, EARL OF
• PORTLAND, ISLE OF
• PORTLAND, WILLIAM BENTINCK, EARL
• PORTLAND, WILLIAM HENRY CAVENDISH BENTINCK

Portland See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

Canal; the name is now applied to all cement made in the Louisville District in Kentucky and Indiana . There is a large Portland cement factory just outside the city . 2 Captain Thomas Bullitt (1730-1778), a Virginian, commanded a company under See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington at Great Meadows (July 4, 1754), was in See also:

• BRADDOCK
• BRADDOCK, EDWARD (1695?—1755),

Braddock's disastrous expedition in 1755, and after the defeat of See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

Major See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

Grant in 1758 saved his disorganized army by a cleverly planned attack upon the pursuers . He became See also:

• ADJUTANT (from Lat. adjutare, to aid)

Adjutant-General of See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia after the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of 1763, and took part in the movements which forced Lord Dunmore to leave See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk . Subsequently he served in South Carolina under Colonel See also:

• LEE
• LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
• LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
• LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
• LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
• LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
• LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
• LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
• LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
• LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
• LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
• LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
• LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
• LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)

Lee.were to be sent against the rebellious colonists in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West . The city of Louisville was laid out on the upper See also:

• HALF

half of this Connolly tract . It is possible that there was a See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement on what was afterward called Corn See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island (which has now practically disappeared), at the Falls of the Ohio, as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1775; in May 1778, General George Rogers Clark, while proceeding, by way of the Ohio river, against the British posts in the Illinois territory, landed on this island and built See also:

• BLOCK
• BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")
• BLOCK, MAURICE (1816–19or)

block-houses for his stores and cabins for about twenty families of emigrants who had come with him . These emigrants (or the greater part of them) removed to the mainland in the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter of 1778–1779, and established themselves in a fort built within the See also:

• PRESENT

present limits of Louisville . A town government was organized by them in See also:

• APRIL

April 1779, the settlement at this time being known as " the Falls of the Ohio." On the 14th of May 1780, the legislature of Virginia, in response to a See also:

• PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

petition of the inhabitants, declared that Connolly had forfeited his See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title, and incorporated the settlement under the name of Louisville, in recognition of the assistance given to the colonies in the War of Independence by Louis XVI. of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . In 1828 Louisville was chartered as a city; in 1851 it received a second city charter; in 1870, a third; and in 1893, a fourth . The city's growth was greatly promoted by the introduction of successful steam See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation on the Ohio in 1811 and still further by the opening of the canal around the rapids (generally called the " Falls of the Ohio ") .

This canal, which is 22 M. in length and is known as the Louisville and Portland canal, was authorized by the legislature in 1825 and was opened in December 183o; between See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress for 1855 and 1872 made appropriations enlarging it, and in 1874 it passed entirely under Federal See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control . The first railway to serve the city, the Louisville & See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort, was completed in 1851 . The 6th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August is locally known as " Bloody See also:

• MONDAY (in O.E. Monandaeg, the moon's day, a translation of the Late Lat. Lunae dies, from which the French lundi is taken)

Monday "; on this See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day in 1855 some members of the Know Nothing Party incited a See also:

• RIOT (0. Fr. riote, of uncertain etymology)

riot that resulted in the loss of several lives and of considerable See also:

• PROPERTY

property . In See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1890 a See also:

• TORNADO (Span., tornada, a turning about, cf. " turn ")

tornado caused great loss in life and property in the city . General Clark made his See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home in Louisville and the vicinity after his return from the Illinois country in 1779 . Louisville was also the early home of the actress Mary See also:

• ANDERSON
• ANDERSON, ADAM (1692—1765)
• ANDERSON, ALEXANDER (c. 1582-1620?)
• ANDERSON, ELIZABETH GARRETT (1836— )
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1662—1728)
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1739-1808)
• ANDERSON, JOHN (1726-1796)
• ANDERSON, MARY (1859– )
• ANDERSON, RICHARD HENRY (1821–1879)
• ANDERSON, ROBERT (1750–1830)
• ANDERSON, SIR EDMUND (1530-1605)

Anderson; John James See also:

• AUDUBON, JOHN JAMES (1780-1851)

Audubon Jived here in 1808–1812; and 5 M . E. of the city are the old home and the grave (with a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument) of Zachary See also:

• TAYLOR
• TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
• TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
• TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
• TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
• TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
• TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
• TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
• TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
• TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
• TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
• TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
• TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
• TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
• TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)

Taylor . See See also:

• REUBEN

Reuben T . Durrett, The See also:

• CENTENARY (from Lat. centenarius, of or belonging to a hundred, from centeni, distributive of centum, hundred)

Centenary of Lo*isville (Louisville, 1893), being No . 8 of the Filson See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

Club Publications; J . S . See also:

• JOHNSTON, ALBERT SIDNEY (1803–1862)
• JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER (1849-1888)
• JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER KEITH (1804-1871)
• JOHNSTON, ARTHUR (1587-1641)
• JOHNSTON, J
• JOHNSTON, JOSEPH EGGLESTON (1807-1891)
• JOHNSTON, SIR HENRY HAMILTON (1858- )

Johnston (ed.), Memorial History of Louisville (Chicago, 1896) ; and L .

V . See also:

• RULE

Rule, " Louisville, the Gateway City to the South," in L . P . See also:

• POWELL, FREDERICK YORK (1850-1904)
• POWELL, GEORGE (c. 1658-1714)
• POWELL, JOHN WESLEY (1834–1902)
• POWELL, VAVASOR (1617-1670)

Powell's Historic Towns of the Southern States (New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, 1900) .