See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

LOUIS OF See also:

• NASSAU

NASSAU (1538-1574)  , son of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• NASSAU

Nassau, and Juliana von See also:

• STOLBERG
• STOLBERG, FRIEDRICH LEOPOLD, GRAF ZU (1750-1819)

Stolberg, and younger See also:

• BROTHER

brother of William the Silent, took an active See also:

• PART

part in the revolt of the Nether-lands against See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish domination . He was one of the leaders of the See also:

• LEAGUE

league of nobles who signed the document known as " the See also:

• COMPROMISE (pronounced compromize; through Fr. from Lat. compromittere)

Compromise " in 1566, and a little later was a member of the deputation who presented the See also:

• PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

petition of grievances called " the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

Request " to the See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent, See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret of See also:

• PARMA

Parma . It was on this occasion that the appellation of " the Beggars " (See also:

• LEA, HENRY CHARLES (1825–1909)

lea See also:

• GUEUX, LES

Gueux) was first given to the opponents of See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip's policy . On the arrival of See also:

• ALVA
• ALVA, or ALBA, FERNANDO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO, DUKE OF, (1508-1583)

Alva at See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels, Count See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis, with his brother William, withdrew from the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands and raised a See also:

• BODY

body of troops in See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of the patriot cause . In the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1568 Louis invaded See also:

• FRIESLAND, or VRIESLAND

Friesland, and at Heiligerlee, on the 23rd of May, completely defeated a Spanish force under Count See also:

• AREMBERG, or ARENBERG

Aremberg, who was killed . Alva then advanced to meet the invaders with a large See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, and at Jemmingen (See also:

• JULY

July 21), with very slight loss, annihilated the levies of Louis, who himself escaped by See also:

• SWIMMING (from " swim," A.S. swimman, the root being common in Teutonic languages)

swimming from the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field across an See also:

• ESTUARY (from the Lat. aestuarium, a place reached by aestus, the tide)

estuary of the See also:

• EMS

Ems . He now joined the army of his brother William, which had in See also:

• OCTOBER

October to See also:

• BEAT (a word common in various forms to the Teutonic languages; it is connected with the similar Romanic words derived from the Late Lat. battere)

beat a hasty See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat before Alva's See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior skill . Then Louis, in See also:

• COMPANY

company with his See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers William and See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry, made his way across the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French frontier to the See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp of the Huguenot See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral See also:

• COLIGNY, GASPARD DE (1519-1572)

Coligny . Louis took an active part in the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign and fought heroically at See also:

• JARNAC

Jarnac and Moncontour . In 1572 Louis, not deterred by previous disaster, raised a small force in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, and, suddenly entering See also:

• HAINAUT (Flem. Henegouwen, Ger. Hennegau)

Hainaut, captured See also:

• MONS (Flemish Bergen)

Mons (May 23) . Here he was besieged by See also:

• DON
• DON (anc. Tanais)

Don See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick of See also:

• TOLEDO
• TOLEDO, COUNCILS OF (Concilia toletana)

Toledo, Alva's natural son, who blockaded all approach to the See also:

• TOWN

town . William made an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to relieve his brother, but failed, and Mons had to surrender (See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 17) .

Louis, who was sick with See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever, with-See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew to his ancestral See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home, Dillenburg, to recruit his See also:

• HEALTH

health, and then once more to devote his energies to the raising of See also:

• MONEY

money and troops for another invasion of the Netherlands . In the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope of See also:

• DRAWING

drawing away the Spaniards from the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden by a diversion in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south, Louis, with his brothers See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John and Henry, at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a force of mixed nationalities and little discipline, crossed the frontier near See also:

• MAASTRICHT, or MAESTRICI3T

Maastricht, and advanced as far as the Mookerheide near See also:

• NIJMWEGEN, NIMEGUEN, NYMEGEN

Nijmwegen . Here he was attacked by a body of Spanish veterans under an experienced leader, Sancho d'See also:

• AVILA
• AVILA (anc. Abula or Avela)
• AVILA, GIL GONZALEZ DE (c. 1577-1658)

Avila, and speedily routed . In the disorderly See also:

• FLIGHT

flight both Louis and his younger brother Henry, refusing to abandon the field, lost their lives . Their bodies wgre never recovered . Thus perished at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of See also:

• THIRTY

thirty-six one of the most chivalrous and gifted of a gallant See also:

• BAND

band of brothers, four of whom laid down their lives in their See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country's cause . See P . J . Blok, Lodewijk von Nassau, 1538–1574 (The See also:

• HAGUE, THE (in Dutch, 's Gravenhage, or, abbreviated, den Haag; in Fr. La Haye; and in Late Lat. Haga Comitis)

Hague, 1689), and the See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge See also:

• MODERN

Modern See also:

• HISTORY

History, vol. iii. chs. vi. and vii., and bibliography (1904) ; also A . J . See also:

• VAN

Van der Aa, Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden (22 vols., See also:

• HAARLEM

Haarlem, 1852–1878) .