See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

LOUIS X  . (1289—1316), See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• NAVARRE (Span. Navarra)

Navarre, called le Hutin or " the Quarreller," was the son of See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip IV. and of Jeanne of Navarre . He was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 4th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1289, took the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title king of Navarre on the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, on the 2nd of See also:

• APRIL

April 1305, and succeeded Philip IV. in France on the 29th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1314, being crowned at See also:

• REIMS
• REIMS (RHEIMS)

Reims in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1315 . The origin of his surname is uncertain . See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis X. is a somewhat indistinct figure among the See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of France, the preponderating See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence at See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court during his See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short reign being that of his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle, See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles of See also:

• VALOIS, COUNTS AND DUKES OF
• VALOIS, HENRI DE [VALESIUS] (1603-1676)

Valois . The reign began with reaction against the policy of Philip IV . Private vengeance was wreaked on Enguerrand de See also:

• MARIGNY, ENGUERRAND DE (1260-1315)
• MARIGNY, JEAN DE (d. 1350)

Marigny, who was hanged, See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre de Latilli; See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Chalons and See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor, and Raoul de Presle, See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

advocate of the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement, who were imprisoned . The leagues of the lesser See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country gentry, formed in 1314 before the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of Louis, continued to demand the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient privileges of the See also:

• NOBILITY

nobility,—tourneys, private See also:

• WARS

wars and See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment of nobles not by king's See also:

• OFFICERS

officers but by their peers—and to protest against the See also:

• DIRECT

direct See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call by the king of their vassals to the royal See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army . Louis X. granted them charters in which he made apparent concessions, but used evasive formulas which in reality ceded nothing . There was a See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter to the See also:

• NORMANS

Normans, one to the Burgundians, one to the Languedocians (1315) . See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert de See also:

• BETHUNE
• BETHUNE (FAMILY)
• BETHUNE, CONON

Bethune, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders, refused to do See also:

• HOMAGE (from homo, through the Low Lat. hominaticum, which occurs in a document of 1035)

homage, and his See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French fiefs were declared confiscate by a court of his peers . In August 1315 Louis X. led an army toward See also:

• LILLE

Lille, but the flooded Lys barred his passage, the ground was so soaked with rains that the army could not advance, and it was thrown back, without a See also:

• BATTLE

battle, on See also:

• TOURNAI (Flemish Doornik)

Tournai .

Need of See also:

• MONEY

money inspired one famous See also:

• ORDINANCE
• ORDINANCE, or ORDONNANCE

ordinance of this reign; in 1315 the See also:

• SERFS, SERROS

serfs of the royal domains were invited to buy their See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty,—an invitation which did not meet with See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm, as the freedman was merely freed for further exploitation, and Philip V. was obliged to renew it in 1318 . Louis X. died suddenly on the 5th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1316 . His first wife was See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret, daughterof Robert II., See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• BURGUNDY

Burgundy; she was accused of See also:

• ADULTERY (from Lat. adulterium)

adultery and died a prisoner in the See also:

• CHATEAU (from Lat. castellum, fortress, through O. Fr. chastel, chasteau)

chateau See also:

• GAILLARD, GABRIEL HENRI (1726-1806)

Gaillard . By her he had one daughter, Jeanne, wife of Philip, count of See also:

• EVREUX

Evreux and king of Navarre . By his second wife Clemence, daughter of Charles Martel, titular king of See also:

• HUNGARY
• HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

Hungary, he See also:

• LEFT

left a See also:

• POSTHUMOUS

posthumous son, King See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John I . See Ch . Dufayard, " La reaction feodale sous See also:

• LES

les fils de Philippe le See also:

• BEL

Bel," in Revue historique (1894) ; See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul Lehugeur, Histoire de Philippe le See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

Long, roi de France (Paris, 1897) ; and See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

Petit, Charles de Valois (Paris, 1900) . (J . T .