12TH See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

SIMON See also:

• FRASER
• FRASER, ALEXANDER CAMPBELL (1819– )
• FRASER, JAMES (1818-1885)
• FRASER, JAMES BAILLIE (1783--1856)
• FRASER, SIR WILLIAM AUGUSTUS

FRASER See also:

• 12TH BARON SIMON FRASER LOVAT (e. 1667-1747)

LOVAT (e. 1667-1747)  , Scottish See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief and Jacobite intriguer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born about 1667 and was the second son of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• FRASER
• FRASER, ALEXANDER CAMPBELL (1819– )
• FRASER, JAMES (1818-1885)
• FRASER, JAMES BAILLIE (1783--1856)
• FRASER, SIR WILLIAM AUGUSTUS

Fraser, third son of the 8th See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• LOVAT, SIMON FRASER, 12TH BARON (e. 1667-1747)

Lovat . The See also:

• BARONY

barony of Lovat See also:

• DATES

dates from about 146o, in the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person of See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

Hugh Fraser, a descendant of See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon Fraser (killed at Halidon See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill in 1338) who acquired the See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower and fort of Lovat near See also:

• BEAULY (pronounced Bewley; a corruption of Beaulieu)

Beauly, See also:

• INVERNESS

Inverness-See also:

• SHIRE

shire, and from whom the See also:

• CLAN (Gaelic clann, O. Ir. cland, connected with Lat. planta, shoot or scion, the ancient Gaelic or Goidelic substituting k for p)

clan Fraser was called " Macshimi" (sons of Simon) . See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Simon was educated at See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• ABERDEEN
• ABERDEEN, GEORGE GORDON, 1ST EARL O (1637-1720)
• ABERDEEN, GEORGE HAMILTON GORDON, 4TH EARL

Aberdeen, and his See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence afterwards gives See also:

• PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)

proof, not only of a command of See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• ENGLISH

English and idiomatic See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, but of such an acquaintance with the Latin See also:

• CLASSICS

classics as to leave him never at a loss for an See also:

• APT

apt See also:

• QUOTATION

quotation from See also:

• VIRGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARC)
• VIRGIL, POLYDORE (c. 1470-1555)

Virgil or See also:

• HORACE [QuINTus HORATIUS FLACCUS] (65-8 B.C.)

Horace . Whether Lovat ever See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt any real See also:

• LOYALTY

loyalty to the Stuarts or was actuated by self-See also:

• INTEREST

interest it is difficult to determine, but that he was a born traitor and deceiver there can be no doubt . One of his first acts on leaving college was to recruit three See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred men from his clan to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form See also:

• PART

part of a See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment in the service of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William and See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, in which he himself was to hold a command,—his See also:

• OBJECT

object being to have a See also:

• BODY

body of well-trained soldiers under his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence, whom at a moment's See also:

• NOTICE

notice he might carry over to the interest of King See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James . Among other outrages in which he was engaged about this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time was a See also:

• RAPE
• RAPE (from Lat. rapere, to seize)
• RAPE (Lat. rapum or rapa, turnip)

rape and forced See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage committed on the widow of the loth Lord Lovat with the view apparently of securing his own See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession to the estates; and it is a curious instance of influence that, after being subjected by him to horrible See also:

• ILL

ill-usage, she is said to have become seriously attached to him . A See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution, however, having been instituted against him by See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady Lovat's See also:

• FAMILY

family, Simon retired first to his native strongholds in the See also:

• HIGHLANDS, THE

Highlands, and afterwards to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, where he found his way in See also:

• JULY

July 1702 to the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of St Germain . In 1699, on his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• DEATH

death, he assumed the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of Lord Lovat . One of his first steps towards gaining influence in France seems to have been to announce his See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion to the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic faith . He then proceeded to put the project of restoring the exiled family into a See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical shape . Hitherto nothing seems to have been known among the Jacobite exiles of the efficiency of the Highlanders as a military force . But Lovat saw that, as they were the only part of the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population accustomed to the See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent use of arms, they could be at once put in See also:

• ACTION

action against the reigning See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power .

His See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan therefore was to See also:

• LAND

land five thousand French troops at See also:

• DUNDEE
• DUNDEE, JOHN GRAHAM OF CLAVERHOUSE, VISCOUNT (c. 1649-1689)

Dundee, where they might reach the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-eastern passes of the Highlands in a See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day's See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

march, and be in a position to divert the British troops till the Highlands should have time to rise . Immediately afterwards five hundred men were to land on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, seize Fort William or Inverlochy, and thus prevent the See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access of any military force from the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south to the central Highlands . The whole See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme indicates Lovat's sagacity as a military strategist, and his plan was continuously kept in view in all future attempts of the See also:

• JACOBITES (from Lat. Jacobus, James)

Jacobites, and finally acted on in the outbreak of 1745 . The advisers of the Pretender seem to have been either slow to See also:

• TRUST

trust their coadjutor or to comprehend his project . At last, however, he was despatched (1703) on a See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret See also:

• MISSION

mission to the Highlands to See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound those of the chiefs who were likely to rise, and to ascertain what forces they could bring into the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field . He found, however, that there was little disposition to join the See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion, and he then apparently made up his mind to secure his own safety by revealing all that he knew to the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne . He persuaded the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• QUEENSBERRY, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF

Queensberry that his See also:

• RIVAL

rival, the duke of See also:

• ATHOLL, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• ATHOLL, or ATHOLE

Atholl, was in the Jacobite See also:

• PLOT
• PLOT, ROBERT (164o-1696)

plot, and that if Queensberry supported him he could obtain See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence of this at St Germain . Queensberry foolishly entered into the intrigue with him against Atholl, but when Lovat had gone to France with a pass from Queensberry the affair was betrayed to Atholl by See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• FERGUSON, ADAM (1723-1816)
• FERGUSON, JAMES (1710-1776)
• FERGUSON, ROBERT (c. 1637-1714)
• FERGUSON, SIR SAMUEL (1810-1886)

Ferguson, and resulted in Queensberry's discomfiture . The See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story is obscure, and is complicated by partisanship on either See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side; but Lovat was certainly playing a See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double See also:

• GAME

game . His agility, however, was not remunerative . On returning to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris suspicions got afloat as to Lovat's proceedings, and he was imprisoned in the See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle of See also:

• ANGOULEME
• ANGOULEME, CHARLES DE VALOIS, DUKE OF (1573-1650)

Angouleme . He remained nearly ten years under supervision, till in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1714 he made his See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England .

For some twenty-five years after this he was chiefly occupied in lawsuits for the recovery of his estates and the re-See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of his See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune, in both of which See also:

• OBJECTS

objects he was successful . The intervals of his leisure were filled up by Jacobite and See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

Anti-Jacobite intrigues, in which he seems to have alternately, as suited his interests, acted the traitor to both parties . But he so far obtained the confidence of the government as to secure the appointments of See also:

• SHERIFF

sheriff of Inverness and of See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

colonel of an independent See also:

• COMPANY

company . His disloyal practices, however, soon led to his being suspected; and he was deprived of both his appointments . When the rebellion of 1745 See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out, Lovat acted with characteristic duplicity . He represented to the Jacobites—what was probably in the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main true—that though eager for their success his weak See also:

• HEALTH

health and advanced years prevented him from joining the See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard of the See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince in person, while to the Lord See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• FORBES
• FORBES, ALEXANDER PENROSE (1817-1875)
• FORBES, ARCHIBALD (1838-1900)
• FORBES, DAVID (1828--1876)
• FORBES, DUNCAN
• FORBES, EDWARD (1815—1854)
• FORBES, JAMES DAVID (1809—1868)
• FORBES, SIR JOHN (1787—1861)

Forbes he professed his cordial See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment to the existing See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of things, but lamented that his son, in spite of all his remonstrances, had joined the Pretender, and succeeded in taking with him a strong force from the clan of the Frasers . The truth was that the lad was unwilling to go, but was compelled by his father . Lovat's false professions of fidelity did not See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long deceive the government, and after the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• CULLODEN

Culloden he was obliged to See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat to the Highlands, after seeing from a distant height his castle of Donnie burnt by the royal See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army . Even then, broken down by disease and old See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, carried on a See also:

• LITTER (through O. Fr. litere or litiere, mod. litiere from Med. Lat. lectaria, classical lectica, lectus, bed, couch)

litter and unable to move without assistance, his See also:

• MENTAL

mental resources did not fail; and in a See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference with several of the Jacobite leaders he proposed that they should raise a body of three thousand men, which would be enough to make their mountains impregnable, and at length force the government to give them advantageous terms . The project was not carried out, and Lovat, after enduring incredible hardships in his wanderings, was at last arrested on an See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island in See also:

• LOCH, HENRY BROUGHAM LOCH, 1ST BARON (1827-1900)

Loch See also:

• MORAR

Morar . He was conveyed in a litter to See also:

• LONDON

London, and after a trial of five days See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence of death was pronounced on the 19th of March 1747 . His See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place on the 9th of See also:

• APRIL

April .

His conduct to the last was dignified and even cheerful . Just before submitting his See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head to the See also:

• BLOCK
• BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")
• BLOCK, MAURICE (1816–19or)

block he repeated the See also:

• LINE

line from Horace " Dulce et decorum est See also:

• PRO

pro patria mori." His son SIMON FRASER, See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

Master of Lovat (1726-1782) (not to be confused with another Simon Fraser who saw somewhat similar service and was killed in 1777 at the battle of See also:

• SARATOGA, BATTLES OF

Saratoga), was a soldier, who at the beginning of the Seven Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War raised a See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps of Fraser Highlanders for the English service, and at the outbreak of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American War of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence raised another regiment which took a prominent part in it . He fought under See also:

• WOLFE, CHARLES (1791-1823)
• WOLFE, JAMES (1727-1759)

Wolfe in See also:

• CANADA

Canada, and also in See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal, and See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to be a British See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

major-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . The family estates were restored to him, but the title was not revived till 1837 . On his death without issue, and also of his successor, his See also:

• HALF

half-See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• ARCHIBALD, 5TH EARL OF DOUGLAS (c. 1391–1439)

Archibald See also:

• CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
• CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
• CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN
• CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
• CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
• CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
• CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)

Campbell Fraser (1736-1815), the Lovat estates passed to the Frasers of Strichen, See also:

• ABERDEENSHIRE

Aberdeenshire . The 16th See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Lovat (b . 1871) raised a corps of mounted See also:

• INFANTRY

infantry (Lovat's Scouts) in the See also:

• BOER

Boer war of 1899-1902 . See See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs of Lord Lovat (1746 and 1767); J . Hill See also:

• BURTON, JOHN HILL (1809–1881)
• BURTON, ROBERT (1577-1640)
• BURTON, SIR FREDERICK WILLIAM (1816–f goo)
• BURTON, SIR RICHARD FRANCIS (1821-1890)
• BURTON, WILLIAM EVANS (1804-1860)

Burton, See also:

• LIFE

Life of Simon, Lord Lovat (1847); J . See also:

• ANDERSON
• ANDERSON, ADAM (1692—1765)
• ANDERSON, ALEXANDER (c. 1582-1620?)
• ANDERSON, ELIZABETH GARRETT (1836— )
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1662—1728)
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1739-1808)
• ANDERSON, JOHN (1726-1796)
• ANDERSON, MARY (1859– )
• ANDERSON, RICHARD HENRY (1821–1879)
• ANDERSON, ROBERT (1750–1830)
• ANDERSON, SIR EDMUND (1530-1605)

Anderson, See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

Account of the Family of Frizell or Fraser (See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, 1825) ; A . See also:

• MACKENZIE
• MACKENZIE, ALEXANDER (1822-1892)
• MACKENZIE, HENRY (1745-1831)
• MACKENZIE, SIR ALEXANDER (c. 1755-1820)
• MACKENZIE, SIR ALEXANDER CAMPBELL (1847— )
• MACKENZIE, SIR GEORGE (1636-1691)
• MACKENZIE, SIR MORELL (1837-1892)
• MACKENZIE, WILLIAM LYON (1795-1861)

Mackenzie, See also:

• HISTORY

History of the Frasers of Lovat (Inverness, 1896); Mrs A . T .

See also:

• THOMSON, JAMES (1822-1892)
• THOMSON, JAMES (1834-1882)
• THOMSON, JAMES (r700-1748)
• THOMSON, JOHN (1778-184o)
• THOMSON, JOSEPH (1858-1895)
• THOMSON, SIR CHARLES WYVILLE (1830-1882)
• THOMSON, THOMAS (1773-1852)
• THOMSON, WILLIAM (1819-189o)

Thomson, Memoirs of the Jacobites (1845-6) ; and W . C . Mackenzie, Simon Fraser, Lord Lovat (1908) . LOVE-See also:

• BIRD

BIRD, a name somewhat indefinitely bestowed, chiefly by dealers and their customers, on some of the smaller See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short-tailed parrots, from the See also:

• AFFECTION (Lat. ad, and facere, to do something to, sc. a person)

affection which examples of opposite sexes exhibit towards each other . By many ornithologists the birdsthus named, brought almost entirely from See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa and South See also:

• AMERICA

America, have been retained in a single genus, Psittacula, though those belonging to the former See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country were by others separated as Agapornis . This separation, however, was neither generally approved nor easily justified, until Garrod (Prot . Zool . Society, 1874, p . 593) assigned good anatomical ground, afforded by the structure of the See also:

• CAROTID

carotid artery, for regarding the two See also:

• GROUPS
• GROUPS, THEORY

groups as distinct, and thus removed the See also:

• PUZZLE

puzzle presented by the See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution of the See also:

• SPECIES

species of Psittacula in a large sense, though See also:

• HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY (1825–1895)

Huxley (op. cit . 1868, p . 319) had suggested one way of See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting the difficulty . As the genus is now restricted, only one of the six species of Psittacula enumerated in the Nomenclator Avium of Sclater and Salvin is known to be found outside the Neotropical Region, the exception being the Mexican P. cyanopygia, and not one of the seven recognized by the same authors as forming the nearly allied genus Urochroma .

On the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, of Agapornis, from which the so-called genus Poliopsitta can scarcely be separated, five if not six species are known, all belonging to the Ethiopian Region, and all but one, A. See also:

• CANA

cana (which is indigenous to See also:

• MADAGASCAR

Madagascar, and thence has been widely disseminated), are natives of Africa . In this See also:

• GROUP

group probably comes also Psittinus, with a single species from the Malayan Subregion . One of the birds most commonly called love-birds, but with no near relationship to any of the above, being a long-tailed though very small See also:

• PARROT (according to Skeat, from Fr. Perrot or Pies-rot, the diminutive of the proper name Pierrel)

parrot, is the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) now more See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe than most native birds, as it is used to " tell fortunes " in the streets, and is bred by hundreds in aviaries . Its native country is See also:

• AUSTRALIA

Australia . (A .