See also:

• LUCAS, CHARLES (1713–1771)
• LUCAS, JOHN SEYMOUR (1849– )
• LUCAS, SIR CHARLES (d. 1648)

LUCAS See also:

• VAN

VAN See also:

• LEYDEN, JOHN (1775-1811)

LEYDEN (c. 1494-1533)  , Dutch painter, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden, where his See also:

• FATHER

father Huig Jacobsz gave him the first lessons in See also:

• ART

art . He then entered the See also:

• PAINTING

painting-See also:

• ROOM

room of Cornelis Engelbrechtszen of Leiden, and soon became known for his capacity in making designs for See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass, See also:

• ENGRAVING

engraving See also:

• COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper-plates, painting pictures, portraits and landscapes in oil and distemper . According to See also:

• VAN

van See also:

• MANDER, CAREL VAN (1548-1606)

Mander he was born in 1494, and painted at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twelve a " See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

Legend of St See also:

• HUBERT (HUCBERTUS, HUGBERTUS), ST (d. 727)

Hubert " for which he was paid a dozen florins . He was only fourteen when he finished a See also:

• PLATE

plate representing See also:

• MAHOMET (strictly MUHAMMAD, commonly also MOHAMMED)

Mahomet taking the See also:

• LIFE

life of See also:

• SERGIUS, ST

Sergius, the See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk, and at fifteen he produced a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of nine plates for a "See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

Passion," a "Temptation of St See also:

• ANTHONY, SAINT
• ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1906)

Anthony," and a "See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

Conversion 94 of St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul." The See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of his engravings in 1510, when, according to van Mander, he was only sixteen, includes subjects as various as a celebrated " Ecce Homo," " See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam and See also:

• EVE

Eve expelled from See also:

• PARADISE (Gr. lrap6BEwos)

Paradise," a herdsman and a milkmaid with three cows, and a little naked girl See also:

• RUNNING

running away from a See also:

• BARKING

barking See also:

• DOG

dog . Whatever may be thought of the tradition embodied in van Mander's pages as to the true age of See also:

• LUCAS, CHARLES (1713–1771)
• LUCAS, JOHN SEYMOUR (1849– )
• LUCAS, SIR CHARLES (d. 1648)

Lucas van See also:

• LEYDEN, JOHN (1775-1811)

Leyden, there is no doubt that, as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1508, he was a See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of repute as a copper-plate engraver . It was the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time when art found patrons among the public that could See also:

• ILL

ill afford to buy pictures, yet had enough See also:

• INTEREST

interest in culture to satisfy itself by means of prints . Lucas van Leyden became the representative See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man for the public of See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland as See also:

• DURER, ALBRECHT (1471-1528)

Durer for that of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany; and a rivalry See also:

• GREW, NEHEMIAH (1641-1712)

grew up between the two engravers, which came to be so See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close that on the neutral See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy the products of each were all but evenly quoted . See also:

• VASARI, GIORGIO (1511-1571)

Vasari affirmed that Durer surpassed Lucas as a designer, but that in the use of the graver they were both unsurpassed, a See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment which has not been reversed . But the rivalry was friendly . About the time when Durer visited the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands Lucas went to See also:

• ANTWERP
• ANTWERP (Fr. Anvers)

Antwerp, which then flourished as an See also:

• INTERNATIONAL, THE

international mart for productions of the See also:

• PENCIL (Lat. penicillus, brush, literally little tail)

pencil and the graver, and it is thought that he was the master who took the freedom of the Antwerp gild in 1521 under the name of Lucas the Hollander . In Mirer's See also:

• DIARY

diary kept during his travels in the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low Countries, we find that at Antwerp he met Lucas, who asked him to See also:

• DINNER

dinner, and that Purer accepted . He valued the art of Lucas at its true figure, and exchanged the Dutchman's prints for eight florins' See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth of his own .

In 1527 Lucas made a tour of the Netherlands, giving dinners to the painters of the See also:

• GILDS, or GUILDS

gilds of Middleburg, See also:

• GHENT (Flem. Gent, Fr. Gand)

Ghent, See also:

• MALINES (Flemish, Mechelen, called in the middle ages by the Latin name Mechlinia, whence the spelling Mechlin)

Malines and Antwerp . He was accompanied during the trip by See also:

• MABUSE, JAN (d. 1532)

Mabuse, whom he imitated in his See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style as well as in his love of See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• COSTUME
• COSTUME (through the Fr. costume, from Ital. costume, Late Lat. costuma, a contracted form of Lat. consuetudinem, ace. of consuetudo, custom, habit, manner, &c.)

costume . On his return See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell sick and remained ailing till his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1533, and he believed that See also:

• POISON

poison had been administered to him by some envious comrade . A few days before his death Lucas van Leyden was informed of the See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth of a See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson, first-born of his only daughter Gretchen . Gretchen's See also:

• FOURTH

fourth son See also:

• JEAN

JEAN DE HoEV followed the profession of his grandfather, and became well known at the Parisian See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court as painter and See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain to the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry IV . As an engraver Lucas van Leyden deserves his reputation . He has not the See also:

• GENIUS (from Lat. genere, gignere)

genius, nor had he the See also:

• ARTISTIC

artistic tact, of Durer; and he displays more cleverness of expression than skill in See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution or in refinement in details . But his See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power in handling the graver is See also:

• GREAT

great, and some f his portraits, especially his own, are equal to anything by the ,raster of See also:

• NUREMBERG (Ger. Nurnberg)

Nuremberg . Much that he accomplished as a painter has been lost, because he worked a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• DEAL

deal upon See also:

• CLOTH

cloth in distemper . In 1522 he painted the " Virgin and See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

Child with the Magdalen and a Kneeling Donor," now in the See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery of See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich . His manner was then akin to that of Mabuse . The " Last Judgment " in the See also:

• TOWN

town-gallery of Leiden is composed on the traditional lines of Cristus and Memling, with monsters in the style of Jerom See also:

• BOSCH (or Boa), JEROM (c. 1460-1518)

Bosch and figures in the See also:

• STILTED

stilted attitudes of the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German school; the See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale of See also:

• COLOURS, MILITARY

colours in yellow, See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white and See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey is at once See also:

• PALE (through Fr. pal, from Lat. palms, a stake, for paglus, from the stem pag- of pangere, to fix; " pole " is from the same original source)

pale and See also:

• GAUDY

gaudy, the quaintest contrasts are produced by the juxtaposition of See also:

• ALABASTER
• ALABASTER, or ARBLASTIER, WILLIAM (1567-1640)

alabaster flesh in See also:

• FEMALES

females and bronzed skin in See also:

• MALES

males, or See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair by the See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of yellow, or See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose-coloured drapery set sharply against See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

apple-See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green or black; yet some of the heads are painted with great delicacy and modelled with exquisite feeling .

Dr See also:

• WAAGEN, GUSTAV FRIEDRICH (1794-1868)
• WAAGEN, WILHELM HEINRICH (1841–1900)

Waagen gave a favourable See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion of a See also:

• TRIPTYCH (Gr. rpiary os, three-fold, made in three layers, TpL-, rpeis, three; arux1, a fold; 7rr(uoELv, to fold, double over)

triptych now at the Hermitage at St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, executed, according to van Mander, in 1531, representing the " See also:

• BLIND, MATHILDE (1841—1896)

Blind Man of See also:

• JERICHO (WI:, m;, once ahn:, a word of disputed meaning, whether " fragrant " or " moon [-god] city ")

Jericho healed by Jesus See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ." Here too the German critic observed the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union of faulty See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition with great finish and warm flesh-tints with a gaudy scale of colours . The same defects and qualities will be found in such specimens as are preserved in public collections, among which may be mentioned the " Card Party " at See also:

• WILTON

Wilton See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House, the " Penitent St See also:

• JEROME, JEROME KLAPKA (1859– )
• JEROME, ST (HIERONYMUS, in full EUSEBIUS SOPHRONIUS HIERONYMUS) (c. 340–420)

Jerome " in the gallery of See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, and the hermits " Paul " and " Anthony " in the See also:

• LIECHTENSTEIN

Liechtenstein collection at See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna . There is a characteristic " See also:

• ADORATION (Lat. ad, to, and os, mouth; i.e. " carrying to one's mouth ")

Adoration of the Magi " at See also:

• BUCKINGHAM
• BUCKINGHAM, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• BUCKINGHAM, FIRST DUKE
• BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 1ST DUKE 0E1
• BUCKINGHAM, GEORGE VILLIERS, 2ND DUKE 0E1 (1628-1687)
• BUCKINGHAM, HENRY STAFFORD, 2ND DUKE OF3 (1454-1483)
• BUCKINGHAM, JAMES SILK (1786-1855)

Buckingham See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

Palace .