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See also:JAN See also:MABUSE (d. 1532)
, the name adopted (from his See also:birth-See also:place, See also:Maubeuge) by the Flemish painter JENNI GOSART, or JENNYN See also:VAN HENNEGOUWE (Hainault), as he called himself when he matriculated in the gild of St See also:Luke, at See also:Antwerp, in 1503
.
We know nothing of his See also:early See also:life, but his See also:works tell us that he stood in his first See also:period under the See also:influence of artists to whom plastic See also:models were See also:familiar; and this leads to the belief that he spent his youth on the See also:French border rather than on the See also:banks of the See also:Scheldt
.
Without the subtlety or See also:power of Van der See also:Weyden, he had this much in See also:common with the See also:great See also:master of See also:Tournai and See also:Brussels, that his compositions were usually framed in architectural backgrounds
.
But whilst See also:Mabuse thus early betrays his dependence on the masters of the French frontier, be also confesses admiration for the great painters who first gave lustre to Antwerp; and in the large See also:altar-pieces of See also:Castle See also:Howard and Scawby he combines in a See also:quaint and not unskilful medley the sentiment of Memling, the See also:bright and decided contrasts of pigment See also:peculiar to coloured reliefs, the cornered and packed drapery familiar to Van der Weyden, and the bold but Socratic See also:cast of See also:face remarkable in the works of Quentin See also:Matsys
.
At Scawby he illustrates the See also:legend of the See also:count of See also:Toulouse, who parted with his wordly goods to assume the See also:frock of a See also:hermit
.
At Castle Howard he represents the See also:Adoration of the See also:Kings, and throws together some See also:thirty figures on an architectural background, varied in detail, massive in shape and fanciful in See also:ornament
.
He surprises us by pompous See also:costume and flaring contrasts of See also:tone
.
His figures, like pieces on a See also:chess-See also:board, are often rigid and conventional
.
The landscape which shows through the colonnades is adorned with towers and steeples in the See also:minute See also:fashion of Van der Weyden
.
After a See also:residence of a few years at Antwerp, Mabuse took service with See also:
In 1568 the altar-piece perished by See also:fire
.
In 1508 Mabuse accompanied Philip of Burgundy on his See also:Italian See also:mission; and by this See also:accident an important revolution was effected in the See also:art of the See also:Netherlands
.
Mabuse appears to have chiefly studied in See also:Italy the See also:cold and polished works of the Leonardesques
.
He not only brought See also:home a new See also:style, but he also introduced the fashion of travelling to Italy; and from that time till the See also:age of See also:Rubens and Van Dyck it was considered proper that all Flemish painters should visit the See also:peninsula
.
The Flemings grafted Italian mannerisms on their own stock; and the cross turned out sounfortunately that for a See also:century Flemish art lost all trace of originality
.
In the summer of 1509 Philip returned to the Netherlands, and, retiring to his seat of Suytburg in Zeeland, surrendered himself to the pleasures of planning decorations for his castle and ordering pictures of Mabuse and See also:Jacob of Barbari
.
Being in See also:constant communication with the See also:court of See also:Margaret of See also:Austria at See also:Malines, he gave the artists in his employ See also:fair chances of See also:pro-See also:motion
.
Barbari was made court painter to the See also:regent, whilst Mabuse received less important commissions
.
Records prove that Mabuse painted a portrait of Leonora of See also:Portugal, and other small pieces, for See also:
His St Luke See also:painting the portrait of the Virgin in Sanct See also:Veit at See also:Prague, a variety of the same subject in the See also:Belvedere at See also:Vienna, the Madonna of the See also:Baring collection in See also:London, or the numerous repetitions of See also:Christ and the scoffers (See also:Ghent and Antwerp), all prove that travel had See also:left many of Mabuse's fundamental peculiarities unaltered
.
His figures still retain the See also:character of See also: But he dwelt at intervals elsewhere . When Philip of Burgundy became See also:bishop of See also:Utrecht, and settled at Duerstede, near Wyck, in 1517, he was accompanied by Mabuse, who helped to decorate the new See also:palace of his master . At Philip's See also:death, in 1524, Mabuse designed and erected his tomb in the church of Wyck . He finally retired to Middelburg, where he took service with Philip's See also:brother, Adolph, lord of Veeren . Van See also:Mander's See also:biography accuses Mabuse of habitual See also:drunkenness; yet it describes the splendid See also:appearance of the artist as, dressed in gold See also:brocade, he accompanied See also:Lucas of See also:Leyden on a See also:pleasure trip to Ghent, Malines and Antwerp in 1527 . The works of Mabuse are those of a hardworking and patient artist; the number of his still extant pictures practically demonstrates that he was not a debauchee . The See also:marriage of his daughter with the painter Henry Van der See also:Heyden of See also:Louvain proves that he had a home, and did not live habitually in taverns, as Van Mander suggests . His death at Antwerp, on the 1st of See also:October 1532, is recorded in the portrait engraved by See also:Jerome See also:Cock . (J . A . |
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