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merchant gild, and according certain privileges in the royal forest of Macclesfield to the burgesses . This charter was confirmed by Edward III. in 1334, by See also:

Richard II. in 1389, by Edward IV. in 1466 and by See also:

Elizabeth in 1564 . In 1595 Elizabeth issued a new charter to the town, confirmed by See also:

James I. in 16o5 and See also:

Charles II. in 1666, laying down a formal, borough constitution under a mayor, a aldermen, 24 See also:

capital burgesses and a high steward . In 1684 Charles II. issued a new charter, under which the borough was governed until the Municipal Reform See also:

ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act 1835 .

The earliest mention of a market is in a See also:

grant by James I. to Charles, prince of . Wales and earl of Chester, in 16r7 . In the charter of z666 a market is included among the privileges confirmed to the borough as those which had been granted in 16o5, or by any previous See also:

KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings and queens of England . The charter of Elizabeth in 1595 granted an See also:

ANNUAL

annual See also:

FAIR

fair in See also:

JUNE

June, and this was supplemented by Charles II. in 1684 by a grant of fairs in See also:

APRIL

April and See also:

SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . Except during the three See also:

winter months fairs are now held monthly, the See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief being " Bamaby " in June, when the town keeps a See also:

WEEK (from A.S. wicu, Germanic *wikon, probably=change, turn)

week's See also:

HOLIDAY

holiday . Macclesfield borough sent two members to See also:

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament in 1832 for the first time . In 188o it was disfranchised for See also:

BRIBERY (from the O. Fr. briberie, begging or vagrancy, bribe, Mid. Lat. briba, signifying a piece of bread given to beggars; the Eng. " bribe " has passed through the meanings of alms, blackmail and extortion, to gifts received or given in order to influ

bribery, and in 1885 the borough was merged in the county division of Macclesfield . The manufacture of silk-covered buttons began in the 16th century, and flourished until the See also:

early 18th . The first silk See also:

mill was erected about 1755, and silk manufacture on a large See also:

scale was introduced about 1790 . The manufacture of See also:

cotton began in Macclesfield about 1785 . See J . See also:

CORRY

Corry, See also:

HISTORY

History of Macclesfield (1817) .

M'CLINTOCK, SIR See also:

FRANCIS See also:

LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

LEOPOLD (1819-1907), See also:

BRITISH

British See also:

NAVAL

naval officer and See also:

ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

Arctic explorer, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

DUNDALK

Dundalk, See also:

Ireland, on the 8th of See also:

JULY

July 1819, of a See also:

FAMILY

family of Scottish origin . In 1831 he entered the royal See also:

NAVY

navy, joining the " Samarang " See also:

FRIGATE

frigate, See also:

CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

Captain Charles See also:

PAGET, SIR JAMES, BART

Paget . In 1843 he passed his examination for lieutenancy and joined the " See also:

GORGON, GORGONS (Gr. Popyc'o, Fopyoves, the "terrible," or, according to some, the " loud-roaring ")

Gorgon " steamship, Captain Charles See also:

Hotham, which was driven ashore at See also:

MONTEVIDEO, SAN FELIPE Y SANTIAGO DE

Montevideo and salved, a feat of See also:

SEAMANSHIP

seamanship on the part of her captain and See also:

OFFICERS

officers which attracted much See also:

ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention . Hitherto, and until 1847, See also:

MCCLINTOCK, JOHN (1814-1870)

McClintock's service was almost wholly on the See also:

AMERICAN

American coasts, but in 1848 he joined the Arctic expedition under Sir James See also:

Ross in See also:

SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search of Sir John See also:

Franklin's See also:

SHIPS

ships, as second See also:

LIEUTENANT

lieutenant of the " Enterprise." In the second search expedition (185o) he was first lieutenant of the " Assistance," and in the third (1854) he commanded the " Intrepid." On all these expeditions M'Clintock carried out brilliant See also:

SLEIGH, SLED

sleigh journeys, and gained recognition as one of the highest authorities on Arctic travel . The direction which the search should follow had at last been learnt from the See also:

ESKIMO, ESKIMOS

Eskimo, and M'Clintock accepted the command of the expedition on See also:

BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board the " See also:

Fox," fitted out by See also:

LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady Franklin in 1857, which succeeded in its See also:

OBJECT

object in 1859 (see FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN) . For this expedition M'Clintock had obtained leave of See also:

ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence, but the time occupied was afterwards counted in his service . He was knighted and received many other honours on his return . Active service now occupied him in various tasks, including the important one of See also:

SOUNDING (for derivation see SOUND above)

sounding in the north See also:

ATLANTIC

Atlantic, in connexion with a See also:

SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme for a north Atlantic See also:

cable route, until 1868 . In that See also:

YEAR

year he became naval aide-de-See also:

CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp to Queen Victoria . In 1865 he had been elected a See also:

FELLOW

fellow of the Royal Society . He unsuccessfully contested a seat in parliament for the borough of See also:

DROGHEDA

Drogheda, where he made the acquaintance of Annette Elizabeth, daughter of R . F .

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