MACEDONIUS (1)  bishop of Constantinople in succession to Eusebius of Nicomedia, was elected by the Arian bishops in 341, while the orthodox party elected Paul, whom Eusebius had superseded . The partisans of the two rivals involved the city in a tumultuous broil, and were not quelled until the emperor Constantius II. banished Paul . Macedonius was recognized as patriarch in 342 . Compelled by the intervention of Constans in 348 to resign the patriarchate in favour of his former opponent, he was reinstalled in 350 . He then took vengeance on his opponents by a general persecution of the adherents of the Nicene Creed . In 359, on the division of the Arian party into Acacians (or pure Arians) and semi-Arians or Homoiousians, Macedonius adhered to the latter, and in consequence was expelled from his see by the council of Constantinople in 36o . He now became avowed leader of the sect of Pneumatomachi, Macedonians or Marathonians, whose distinctive tenet was that the Holy Spirit is but a being similar to the angels, sub-ordinate to and in the service of the Father and the Son, the relation between whom did not admit of a third . He did not long survive his deposition . See the Church Histories of Socrates and Sozomen; Art. in Did . Chr . Biog.; F . Loofs in Herzog-Hauck's Realencyk.; H .

M . Gwatkin, Arianism .