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MAHDI (Arab. " he who is guided arigh...

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 395 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MAHDI (Arab. " he who is guided aright ")  , a See also:title assumed by the third Abbasid See also:caliph (see See also:CALIPHATE: See also:Abbasids, § 3) . According to Moslem traditionists See also:Mahomet declared that one of his descendants, the See also:imam of See also:God, who would fill the See also:earth with See also:equity and See also:justice, would See also:bear the name of al-See also:mandi . The Sunnis hold that this mandi has not yet appeared . The name of mandi is also given by the Shiite Mahommedans to the last of the imams of the See also:house of `See also:Ali . It was under the name of al-mandi that Mokhtar proclaimed 'Ali's son Mahommed as the opponent of the caliph Abdalmalik, and, according to See also:Shahrastani, the See also:doctrine of the mandi, the hidden deliverer who is one See also:day to appear and fill the oppressed See also:world with righteousness, first arose in connexion with a belief that this Mahommed had not died but lived concealed at See also:Mount Radwa, near See also:Mecca, guarded by a See also:lion and a See also:panther . The hidden imam of the See also:common See also:Shiites is, however, the twelfth imam, Mahommed See also:Abu'l-Qasim, who disappeared mysteriously in 879 . The belief in the See also:appearance of the mandi readily See also:lent itself to imposture . Of the many pretenders to this dignity known in all periods of Moslem See also:history the most famous was the first caliph of the Fatimite See also:dynasty in See also:North See also:Africa, `Obaidallah al-Mandi, who reigned 909-933 . After him was named the first See also:capital of the dynasty, the once important See also:city of Mandia (q.v.) . Another See also:great See also:historical See also:movement, headed by a See also:leader who proclaimed himself the mandi (Mahommed See also:ibn Abdallah ibn Tumart), was that of the See also:Almohades (q.v.) . In 1881 Mahommed Ahmed ibn Seyyid Abdullah (q.v.), a Dongolese, proclaimed himself al-mandi and founded in the eastern See also:Sudan the See also:short-lived See also:empire overthrown by an Anglo-See also:Egyptian force at the See also:battle of See also:Omdurman in 1898 . See also:Con-currently with the claim of Mahommed Ahmed to be the mandi the same title was claimed by, or for, the See also:head of the Senussites, a confraternity powerful in many regions of North Africa .

End of Article: MAHDI (Arab. " he who is guided aright ")
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MAHDIA (also spelt Mehdia, Mehedia, &c.)

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