See also:

• MALINES (Flemish, Mechelen, called in the middle ages by the Latin name Mechlinia, whence the spelling Mechlin)

MALINES (Flemish, Mechelen, called in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages by the Latin name Mechlinia, whence the spelling Mechlin)  , an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient and important See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• BELGIUM
• BELGIUM (Fr. Belgique; Flem. Belgic)

Belgium, and the seat since 1559 of the only archbishopric in that See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Pop . (1904), 58,Io1 . The name is supposed to be derived from See also:

• MARIS, JACOB (1837-1899)

maris Linea, and to indicate that originally the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea came up to it . It is now situated on the Dyle, and is in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• ANTWERP
• ANTWERP (Fr. Anvers)

Antwerp, lying about See also:

• HALF

half-way between Antwerp and See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief importance of See also:

• MALINES (Flemish, Mechelen, called in the middle ages by the Latin name Mechlinia, whence the spelling Mechlin)

Malines is derived from the fact that it is in a sense the religious See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of Belgium—the See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop being the See also:

• PRIMATE (from Low Lat. primas=one who held the first place, primas partes)

primate of the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church in that country . The archbishop's See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace is in a picturesque situation, and See also:

• DATES

dates from the creation of the dignity . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• BUILDING

building in the city is the exceedingly See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral dedicated to St Rombaut . This cathedral was begun in the 12th and finished See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and although modified in the 15th after a See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, it remains one of the most remarkable specimens of See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . The massive See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower of over 300 ft., which is described as unfinished because the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original intention was to carry it to 500 ft., is its most striking See also:

• EXTERNAL

external feature . The See also:

• PEOPLE

people of Malines gained in the old distich—" gaudet Mechlinia stultis "—the reputation of being " See also:

• FOOLS, FEAST OF (Lat. festum stultorum, fatuorum, follorum, Fr. fete des fous)

fools," because one of the citizens on seeing the See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon through the See also:

• DORMER (from Lat. dormire, to sleep)

dormer windows of St Rombaut called out that the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place was on fire, and his See also:

• FELLOW

fellow-citizens, following his example, endeavoured to put out the conflagration until they realized the truth . The cathedral contains a fine See also:

• ALTAR (Lat. altare, from alias, high; some ancient etymological guesses are recorded by St Isidore of Seville in Etymologiae xv. 4)

altar-piece by See also:

• VAN

Van Dyck, and the See also:

• PULPIT (from Lat. pulpitum, a staging, platform: equivalents are Fr. chaire d'eglise, Ital. pulpito, Ger. Kanzel)

pulpit is in carved See also:

• OAK (O. Eng., (lc)

oak of the 17th century .

Another old palace is that of See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria, See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent for See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles V., which has been carefully preserved and is now used as a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice . In the church of Notre See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame (16th century) is See also:

• RUBENS, PETER PAUL (1577-164o)

Rubens' masterpiece " the miraculous See also:

• DRAUGHT (from the common Teutonic word " to draw "; cf. Ger. 7'racht, load; the pronunciation led to the variant form " draft," now confined to certain specific meanings)

draught of fishes," and in that of St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John is a fine See also:

• TRIPTYCH (Gr. rpiary os, three-fold, made in three layers, TpL-, rpeis, three; arux1, a fold; 7rr(uoELv, to fold, double over)

triptych by the same See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master . Malines, although no longer famous for its See also:

• LACE (corresponding to Ital. merletto, trina; Genoese Pizzo; Ger. spitzen; Fr. dentelle; Dutch kanten; Span. encaje; the English word owes something to the Fr. lassis or laces, but both are connected with the earlier Lat. laqueus; early French laces were

lace, carries on a large See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in See also:

• LINEN

linen, needles, See also:

• FURNITURE (from " furnish," Fr. fournir)

furniture and oil, while as a junction for the See also:

• LINE

line from See also:

• GHENT (Flem. Gent, Fr. Gand)

Ghent to See also:

• LOUVAIN (Flem. Leuven)

Louvain and See also:

• LIEGE
• LIEGE (Walloon, Lige, Flemish, Luik, Ger. Lilltich)

Liege, as well as for that from Antwerp to Brussels and the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south, its station is one of the busiest in Belgium, and this fact has contributed to the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general prosperity of the city . The lordship of Malines was conferred as a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate See also:

• FIEF

fief by See also:

• PIPPIN, or PEPIN

Pippin the See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

Short on his kinsman See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Adon in 754 . In the 9th century Charles the Bald bestowed the fief on the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Liege, and after being shared between See also:

• BRABANT
• BRABANT, NORTH

Brabant and See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders it passed into the hands of See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip the Bold, founder of the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of See also:

• BURGUNDY

Burgundy, in 1384 . During the religious troubles of the 16th century Malines suffered greatly, and in 1572 it was sacked by See also:

• ALVA
• ALVA, or ALBA, FERNANDO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO, DUKE OF, (1508-1583)

Alva's troops during three days . In the See also:

• WARS

wars of the 17th and 18th centuries it was besieged many times and captured by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, Dutch and See also:

• ENGLISH

English on several occasions: The French finally removed the fortifications in 1804, since which See also:

• YEAR

year it has been an open See also:

• TOWN

town .