See also:

• JEAN

JEAN See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

PAUL See also:

• JEAN PAUL MARAT (1743-1793)

MARAT (1743-1793)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French revolutionary See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, eldest See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child of See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul See also:

• MARAT, JEAN PAUL (1743-1793)

Marat, a native of Cagliari in See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia, and See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise Cabrol of See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Boudry, in the principality of See also:

• NEUCHATEL
• NEUCHATEL (Ger. Neuenburg)
• NEUCHATEL, LAKE OF

Neuchatel, on the 24th of May 1743 . His See also:

• FATHER

father was a designer, who had abandoned his See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country and his See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, and married a Swiss See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant . On his See also:

• MOTHER

mother's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1759 141m-at set out on his travels, and spent two years at See also:

• BORDEAUX

Bordeaux in the study of See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine, whence he moved to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, where he made use of his knowledge of his two favourite sciences, See also:

• OPTICS

optics and See also:

• ELECTRICITY

electricity, to subdue an obstinate disease of the eyes . After some years in Paris he went to See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland, and then on to See also:

• LONDON

London, where he practised his profession . In 1773 he made his first See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance as an author with a Philosophical See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

Essay on See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

Man . The See also:

• BOOK

book shows a wonderful knowledge of See also:

• ENGLISH

English, French, See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian and See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish philosophers, and directly attacks Helvetius, who had in his De l'esprit declared a know-ledge of See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science unnecessary for a philosopher . Marat declares that See also:

• PHYSIOLOGY (from Gr. 4 i s, nature, and koyos, discourse)

physiology alone can solve the problems of the connexion between soul and See also:

• BODY

body, and proposes the existence of a See also:

• NERVOUS

nervous fluid as the true See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution . In 1774 he published The Chains of See also:

• SLAVERY

Slavery, which was intended to See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence-constituencies to return popular members, and reject the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . Its author declared later that it procured him an honorary membership of the patriotic See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies of See also:

• CARLISLE
• CARLISLE, EARLS OF

Carlisle, See also:

• BERWICK, JAMES FITZJAMES

Berwick and See also:

• NEWCASTLE
• NEWCASTLE, DUKES OF

Newcastle . He remained devoted to his profession, and in 1775 published in London a little Essay on Gleets, and in See also:

• AMSTERDAM
• AMSTERDAM (NEw AMSTERDAM)

Amsterdam a French See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the first two volumes of his Essay on Man . In this See also:

• YEAR

year he visited See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, and on the recommendation of certain Edinburgh physicians was made an M.D. of St See also:

• ANDREWS, JAMES PETTIT (c. 1737–1797)
• ANDREWS, THOMAS (1813–1885)

Andrews . On his return to London he published an Enquiry into the Nature, Cause, and Cure of a Singular Disease of the Eyes, with a See also:

• DEDICATION (Lat. dedicatio, from dedicare, to proclaim, to announce)

dedication to the Royal Society .

In the same year there appeared the third See also:

• VOLUME

volume of the French edition of the Essay on Man, which reached Ferney, and exasperated See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire, by its onslaught on Helvetius, into a See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp attack which only made the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young author more conspicuous . His fame as a See also:

• CLEVER

clever See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor was now See also:

• GREAT

great, and on the 24th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1777, the See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

comte d'See also:

• ARTOIS

Artois, afterwards See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles X. of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, made him by See also:

• BREVET (a diminutive of the Fr. bref)

brevet physician to his See also:

• GUARDS, AND HOUSEHOLD TROOPS

guards with 2000 livres a year and allowances . Marat was soon in great See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request as a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court doctor among the See also:

• ARISTOCRACY (Gr. apuvror, best; «paria, government)

aristocracy; and even See also:

• BRISSOT, JACQUES PIERRE (1754-1793)

Brissot, in his Memoires, admits his influence in the scientific See also:

• WORLD

world of Paris . The next years were much occupied with scientific See also:

• WORK

work, especially the study of See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat, See also:

• LIGHT

light and electricity, on which he presented See also:

• MEMOIRS

memoirs to the See also:

• ACADEMIC

Academic See also:

• DES

des Sciences, but the academicians were horrified at his temerity in differing from See also:

• NEWTON
• NEWTON, ALFRED (1829–1907)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1725-1807)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1823-1895)
• NEWTON, SIR CHARLES THOMAS (1816-1894)
• NEWTON, SIR ISAAC (1642-1727)

Newton, and, though acknowledging his See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry, would not receive him among them . His experiments greatly interested See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin See also:

• FRANKLIN
• FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790)
• FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN (1786-1847)
• FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL (1823-1903)

Franklin, who used to visit him and See also:

• GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG VON (1749-1832)

Goethe always regarded his rejection by the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

academy as a glaring instance of scientific despotism . In 178o he had published at Neuchatel a See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

Plan de legislation criminelle, founded on the principles of See also:

• BECCARIA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1716-1781)

Beccaria . In See also:

• APRIL

April 1786 he resigned his court See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment . The results of his leisure were in 1787 a new translation of Newton's Optics, and in 1788 his Memoires academiques, ou nouvelles decouvertes sur la lumiere . His scientific See also:

• LIFE

life was now over, his See also:

• POLITICAL

political life was to begin; in the notoriety of that political life his great scientific and philosophical knowledge was to be forgotten, the high position he had given up denied, and he himself scoffed at as an ignorant See also:

• CHARLATAN (Ital. ciarlatano, from ciarlare, to chatter)

charlatan, who had sold See also:

• QUACK

quack medicines about the streets of Paris, and been glad to See also:

• EARN

earn a few sous in the stables of the comte d'Artois . In 1788 the notables had met, and advisedthe assembling of the states-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . The elections were the cause of a See also:

• FLOOD (in O. Eng. flod, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Flut, Dutch vloed, from the same root as is seen in " flow," " float ")
• FLOOD, HENRY (1732-1791)

flood of See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets, of which one, Offrande a la patrie, was by Marat, and, though now forgotten, dwelt on much the same points as the famous brochure of the See also:

• ABBE (Serbo-Croatian Rai))

Abbe Sieges: Qu'estce que le tiers etat ? When the states-general met, Marat's See also:

• INTEREST

interest was as great as ever, and in June 1789 he published a supplement to his Offrande, followed in See also:

• JULY

July by La constitution, in which he embodies his See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of a constitution for France, and in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September by his Tableau des vices de la constitution d'Angleterre, which he presented to the See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

Assembly .

The latter alone deserves remark . The Assembly was at this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time full of anglomaniacs, who desired to establish in France a constitution similar to that of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . Marat had seen that England was at this time being ruled by an See also:

• OLIGARCHY (Gr. oXiyot, few, apxil, rule)

oligarchy using the forms of See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty, which, while pretending to represent the country, was really being gradually mastered by the royal See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power . His See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart was now all in politics; and he decided to start a See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper . At first appeared a single number of the Moniteur patriote, followed on the 12th of September by the first number of the Publiciste parisien, which on the 16th of September took the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of L'Ami du peuple and which he edited, with some interruptions, until the 21st of September 1792 . The life of Marat now becomes See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the French Revolution . From the beginning to the end he stood alone . He was never attached to any party; the See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

tone of his mind was to suspect whoever was in power . About his paper, the incarnation of himself, the first thing to be said is that the man always meant what he said; no poverty, no misery or persecution, could keep him quiet; he was perpetually crying, " Nous sommes trahis." Whoever suspected any one had only to denounce him to the Ami du peuple, and the denounced was never let alone till he was proved See also:

• INNOCENT (INNOCENTIUS)
• INNOCENT (POPES)

innocent or guilty . Marat began by attacking the most powerful bodies in Paris—the Constituent Assembly, the ministers, the See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps municipal, and the court of the See also:

• CHATELET (from Med. Lat. castella)

Chatelet . Denounced and arrested, he was imprisoned from the 8th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October to the 5th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1789 . A second time, owing to his violent See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign against See also:

• LAFAYETTE

Lafayette, he narrowly escaped See also:

• ARREST (Fr. arrester, arreeter, to stop or stay)

arrest and had to flee to London (See also:

• JAN

Jan .

1790) . There he wrote his Denonciation contre See also:

• NECKER, JACQUES (1732—1804)

Necker, and in May dared to return to Paris and continue the Ami du peuple . He was embittered by persecution, and continued his vehement attacks against all in power, and at last, after the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day of the Champs du See also:

• MARS
• MARS (MAYORS, MARMAR, MARSPITER GA MASPITER)
• MARS, MLLE [ANNE FRANCOISE HYPPOLYTE BOUTET] (1779-1847)

Mars (July 17, 1790), against the king himself . All this time he was in hiding in cellars and sewers, where he was attacked by a horrible skin disease, tended only by the woman Simonne Evrard, who remained true to him . The end of the Constituent Assembly he heard of with joy and with See also:

• BRIGHT, JOHN (1811-188g)
• BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES TILSTON

bright hopes for the future, soon dashed by the behaviour of the Legislative Assembly . When almost despairing, in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1791, he fled once more to London, where he wrote his Ecole du citoyen . In April 1792, summoned again by the See also:

• CORDELIERS, CLUB OF THE

Cordeliers' See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

Club, he returned to Paris, and published No . 627 of the Ami . The See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war was now the question, and Marat saw clearly that it was to serve the purposes of the Royalists and the Girondins, who thought of themselves alone . Again denounced, Marat had to remain in hiding until the loth of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August . The See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early days of the war being unsuccessful, the See also:

• PROCLAMATION (Lat. proclamare, to make public by announcement)

proclamation of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• BRUNSWICK
• BRUNSWICK (Ger. Braunschweig)
• BRUNSWICK, KARL WILHELM FERDINAND, DUKE OF (1735-18o6)

Brunswick excited all See also:

• HEARTS

hearts; who could go to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save France on the frontiers and leave Paris in the hands of his enemies ? Marat, like See also:

• DANTON, GEORGE JACQUES (1759-1794)

Danton, foresaw the massacres of September .

After the events of the loth of August he took his seat at the See also:

• COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)
• COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL

commune, and demanded a tribunal to try the Royalists in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison . No tribunal was formed, and the massacres in the prisons were the inevitable result . In the elections to the See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

Convention, Marat was elected seventh out of the twenty-four deputies for Paris, and for the first time took his seat in an assembly of the nation . At the See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration of the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic, he closed his Ami du peuple, and commenced, on the 25th, a new paper, the See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal de la republique fran4aise, which was to contain his sentiments as its predecessor had done, and to be always on the See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

watch . In the Assembly Marat had no party; he would always suspect and oppose the powerful, refuse power for himself . After the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Valmy, See also:

• DUMOURIEZ, CHARLES FRANCOIS (1739—1823)

Dumouriez was the greatest man in France; he could almost have restored the See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy; yet Marat did not fear to denounce him in placards as a traitor . His unpopularity in the Assembly was extreme, yet he insisted on speaking on the question of the king's trial, declared it unfair to accuse See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis for anything anterior to his See also:

• ACCEPTANCE (Lat. acceptare, frequentative form of accipere, to receive)

acceptance of the constitution, and though implacable towards the king, as the one man who must See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die for the See also:

• PEOPLE

people's See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good, he would not allow See also:

• MALESHERBES, CHRETIEN GUILLAUME DE LAMOIGNON DE (1721-1794)

Malesherbes, the king's counsel, to be attacked in his paper, and speaks of him as a " See also:

• SAGE, RUSSELL (1816-1906)

sage et respectable vieillard." The king dead, the months from See also:

• JANUARY

January to May 1793 were spent in an unrelenting struggle between Marat and the Girondins . Marat despised the ruling party because they had suffered nothing for the republic, because they talked too much of their feelings and their See also:

• ANTIQUE (Lat. antiquus, old)

antique virtue, because they had for their own virtues plunged the country into war; while the Girondins hated Marat as representative of that rough red republicanism which would not yield itself to a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman republic, with themselves for tribunes, orators and generals . The Girondins conquered at first in the Convention, and ordered that Marat should be tried before the Revolutionary Tribunal . But their victory ruined them, for on the 24th of April Marat was acquitted, and returned to the Convention with the people at his back . The fall of the Girondins on the 31st of May was a See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

triumph for Marat . But it was his last .

The skin disease he had contracted in the subterranean haunts was rapidly closing his life; he could only ease his See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain by sitting in a warm See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

bath, where he wrote his journal, and accused the Girondins, who were trying to raise France against Paris . Sitting thus on the 13th of July he heard in the evening a young woman begging to be admitted to see him, saying that she brought See also:

• NEWS

news from See also:

• CAEN

Caen, where the escaped Girondins were trying to rouse See also:

• NORMANDY

Normandy . He ordered her to be admitted, asked her the names of the deputies then at Caen, and, after See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing their names, said, " They shall be soon guillotined," when the young girl, whose name was See also:

• CHARLOTTE

Charlotte See also:

• CORDAY

Corday (q.v.), stabbed him to the heart . His death caused a great commotion at Paris . The Convention attended his funeral, and placed his bust in the See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall where it held its sessions . Louis See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David painted " Marat Assassinated," and a veritable cult was rendered to the Friend of the People, whose ashes were transferred to the See also:

• PANTHEON (Lat. pantheum or pantheon; Gr. srav& ov, all-holy, from re, s, all, and Oeor god)

Pantheon with great pomp on the 21st of September 1794—to be See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast out again in virtue of the See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree of the 8th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1795 . Marat's name was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long an See also:

• OBJECT

object of execration on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of his insistence on the death See also:

• PENALTY (Lat. poena, punishment)

penalty . He stands in history as a bloodthirsty See also:

• MONSTER (Lat. monstrum, from root of monere, to warn; i.e. something terrible or portentous)
• MONSTER, GEORG, COUNT ZU (1776-1844)

monster, yet in judging him one must remember the persecutions he endured and the terrible disease from which he suffered . Besides the See also:

• WORKS

works mentioned above, Marat wrote: Recherches physiques sur l'electricite, &c . (1782); Recherches sur l'electricite medicale (1783); Notions elementaires d'optique (1764); Lettres de l'observateur Bon See also:

• SENS

Sens a M. de M . . sur la fatale See also:

• CATASTROPHE (Gr. Karaurpoch, from KaraQrp4ecv, to over-turn)

catastrophe des infortunes Pilatre de Rozier et Romain, See also:

• LES

les aeronautes et l'aerostation i1785); Observations de M. l'See also:

• AMATEUR (Lat. amator, lover)

amateur Avec a M. l'abbe Sans . . &c., i 785) ; Eloge de See also:

• MONTESQUIEU, CHARLES LOUIS DE SECONDAT, BARON DE LA BREDE ET DE (1689-1755)

Montesquieu (1785), published 1883 by M. de Bresetz ; Les Charlatans modernes, ou lettres sur le charlatanisme academique (179i); Les Aventures du comte Potowski (published in 1847 by Paul See also:

• LACROIX, ANTOINE FRANCOIS ALFRED (1863— )
• LACROIX, PAUL (1806—1884)

Lacroix, the " bibliophile See also:

• JACOB
• JACOB, JOHN (1812-1858)

Jacob ") ; Lettres polonaises (unpublished) .

Marat's works were published by A . See also:

• VERMOREL, AUGUSTE JEAN MARIE (1841-1871)

Vermorel, tEuvres de J . P . Marat, l'ami du peuple, recueillies et annolees (1869) . Two of his tracts, (1) On Gleets, (2) A Disease of the Eyes, were reprinted, ed . J . B . See also:

• BAILEY (said to be a corruption of Ballium by some, and derived by others from the Fr. baille, a corruption of bataille, because there the soldiers were drilled in battle array)
• BAILEY, NATHAN
• BAILEY, PHILIP JAMES (1816-1902)
• BAILEY, SAMUEL (1791-1870)

Bailey, in 1891 . See A . Vermorel, Jean Paul Marat (188o) ; See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

Francois Chevremont, Marat: esprit politique, accomp. de sa See also:

• VIE

vie (2 vols., 1880) ; Auguste Cabanas, Marat inconnu (1891); A . Bougeart, Marat, l'ami du peuple (2 vols., 1865) ; M . See also:

• TOURNEUX, JEAN MAURICE (1849— )

Tourneux, Bibliographie de l'histoire de Paris See also:

• PENDANT (through Fr. from Lat. pendere, to hang)

pendant la revolution franyaise (vol. ii., 1894; vol. iv., 1906), and E .

B . Bax, J . P . Marat (1900) . The Correspondance de Marat has been edited with notes by C . Villay (1908) . (R .