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See also:MAREMMA (a corruption of Marittima, " situated on the See also:sea ") , a marshy region of See also:Tuscany, See also:Italy, extending from the mouth of the Cecina to See also:Orbetello and varying in breadth from 15 to 20 M . In See also:Etruscan and See also:Roman times the See also:Maremma was a populous and fertile See also:coast See also:plain, with considerable towns situated on the hills—Populonia, Russellae, See also:Cosa, &c., and was drained by a See also:complete See also:system of subterranean canals which were brought to See also:light by the excavations made in connexion with the See also:railways passing through the See also:district . But the decline of See also:agriculture at the end of the See also:Republic led to a See also:conversion of the See also:land to pasture, and later the unsettled See also:state of affairs consequent on the fall of the Roman See also:Empire resulted in neglect of the watercourses . See also:Leopold II. of Tuscany (1822–1844) made the first successful efforts to counteract the See also:malaria which has affected the district, by drainage, the filling up of swamps, and the See also:establishment of new farms, and since his See also:time continuous efforts have been made with considerable success . |
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