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ANDREAS See also: German chemist, was See also: born at Berlin on the 3rd of See also: March 1709
.
After studying chemistry at Berlin and Strassburg,
See also: medicine at See also: Halle, and See also: mineralogy and metallurgy at See also: Freiberg, he returned to his native city in 1735 as assistant to his See also: father, Henning Christian Marggraf, chief apothecary at the See also: court
.
Three years later he was elected to the Berlin See also: Academy of Sciences, which in 1754 put him in See also: charge of its chemical laboratory and in 176o appointed him director of its physics class
.
He died in Berlin on the 7th of See also: August 1782
.
His name is especially associated with the See also: discovery of See also: sugar in beetroot
.
In 1747 he published an account of experiments undertaken with the definite view of obtaining true sugar from indigenous See also: plants, and found that for -this purpose the first place is taken by beetroot and See also: carrot, that in those plants sugar like that of See also: cane exists ready formed, and that it may be extracted by boiling the dried roots in See also: alcohol, from which it is deposited on cooling
.
This investigation is also memorable because he detected the nninute sugar-crystals in the roots by the help of the microscope, which was thus introduced as an adjunct to chemical inquiry
.
In another research dealing with the nature of See also: alum he showed that one of the constituents of that substance, alumina, is contained in See also: common See also: clay, and further that the See also: salt cannot be prepared by the See also: action of sulphuric acid on alumina alone, the addition of an See also: alkali being necessary
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Marggraf as early as 1758 noted the different flame colours of sodium and potassium compounds and was thus a precursor of spectrum analysis.
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