See also:

• JEAN

JEAN See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES GALISSARD DE See also:

• JEAN CHARLES GALISSARD DE MARIGNAC (1817-1894)

MARIGNAC (1817-1894)  , Swiss chemist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva on the 24th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1817 . When sixteen years old he began to attend the Ecole Poly_ technique in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, and from 1837 to 1839 studied at the Ecole See also:

• DES

des Mines . Then, after a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in See also:

• LIEBIG, JUSTUS VON, BARON (1803-1873)

Liebig's laboratory at See also:

• GIESSEN

Giessen, and in the Sevres See also:

• PORCELAIN

porcelain factory, he became in 1841 See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry in the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

academy of Geneva . In 1845 he was appointed professor of See also:

• MINERALOGY

mineralogy also, and held both chairs till 1878, when See also:

• ILL

ill-See also:

• HEALTH

health obliged him to resign . He died at Geneva on the 15th of April 1894 . See also:

• MARIGNAC, JEAN CHARLES GALISSARD DE (1817-1894)

Marignac's name is well known for the careful and exact determinations of atomic weights which he carried out for twenty-eight of the elements . In undertaking this See also:

• WORK

work he had, like J . S . See also:

• STAS, JEAN SERVAIS (1813–1891)

Stas, the purpose of testing See also:

• PROUT, SAMUEL (1783–1852)
• PROUT, WILLIAM (1785-1850)

Prout's See also:

• HYPOTHESIS (from Gr. inrorcOivat, to put under; cf. Lat. suppositio, from sub-ponere)

hypothesis, but he remained more disposed than the Belgian chemist to consider the possibility that it may have some degree of validity . Throughout his See also:

• LIFE

life he paid See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to the " rare earths " and the problem of separating and distinguishing them; in 1878 he extracted ytterbia from what was supposed to be pure erbia, and two years later found gadolinia and See also:

• SAMARIA

samaria in the samarskite earths . In 1858 he pointed out the isomorphism of the fluostannates and the fluosilicates, thus settling the then vexed question of the See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition of silicic See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid; and subsequently he studied the fluosalts of See also:

• ZIRCONIUM

zirconium, See also:

• BORON (symbol B, atomic weight I I)

boron, See also:

• TUNGSTEN [symbol W, atomic weight 184.o (0=16)]

tungsten, &c., and prepared silicotungstic acid, one of the first examples of the complex inorganic acids . In See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical chemistry he carried out many researches on the nature and See also:

• PROCESS

process of See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution, investigating in particular the thermal effects produced by the dilution of saline solutions, the variation of the specific See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat of saline solutions with temperature and concentration, and the phenomena of liquid See also:

• DIFFUSION (from the Lat. diffundere; dis-, asunder, and fundere, to pour out)

diffusion .

A memorial lecture by P . T . Cleve, printed in the See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal of the See also:

• LONDON

London Chemical Society for 1895, contains a See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of Marignac's papers .