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See also: Christianity when many Christians " testified " to the truth of their convictions by sacrificing their lives, the word assumed its See also: modern technical sense
.
The beginnings of this use are to be seen in such passages as Acts xxii
.
2o; Rev. ii
.
13, xiii
.
6
.
During the first three centuries the fortitude of these " witnesses " won the admiration of their brethren
.
Ardent See also: spirits craved the See also: martyr's See also: crown, and to confess Christ in persecution was to attain a See also: glory inferior only to that won by those who actually died
.
Confessors were visited in prison, martyrs' See also: graves were scenes of pilgrimage, and the See also: day on which
they suffered was celebrated as the birthday of their glory
.
See also: Gregory XIII., who imposed the See also: Roman See also: martyrology upon the Martyrology was the most popular literature in the early See also: Church. whole Church
.
In 1586
See also: Baronius published his annotated While the honour paid to martyrdom was a See also: great support to early edition, which in spite of its omissions and inaccuracies is a champions of the faith, it was attended by serious evils
.
It was mine of valuable information
.
thought that martyrdom would atone for sin, and imprisoned The chief See also: works on the martyrologies are those of Rosweyde, who confessors not only issued to the Churches commands which in 1613 published at See also: Antwerp the martyrology of See also: Ado (also edition were regarded almost as inspired utterances, but granted pardons of Giorgi, See also: Rome, 1745) ; of Sollerius, to whom we owe a learned in rash profusion to those who had been excommunicated by the F
edition of Usuard (Acta Juni, vols. vi. and vii
.
; and of
iorentini, who published sanctorumin 1688 an annot ted edition of the Martyr-
See also: regular See also: clergy, a practice which caused Cyprian and his See also: fellow ology of St See also: Jerome
.
The critical edition of the latter by J
.
B. de bishops much difficulty
.
The zeal of See also: Ignatius (c
.
115), who begs Rossi and Mgr
.
L
.
Duchesne, was published in 1894, in vol. ii. of the the Roman Church to do nothing to avert from him the martyr's Acta sanctorum Novembris
.
The See also: historical martyrologies taken as See also: death, was natural enough in a spiritual knight-errant, but with a whole have been studied by Dom Quentin (1908)
.
There are also others in later days, in Phr is and See also: North See also: Africa, the numerous See also: editions of calendars or martyrologies of less universal
especially Yg See also: interest, and commentaries upon them
.
Mention ought to be made passion became artificial
.
Fanatics sought death by insulting of the famous See also: calendar of Naples, commented on by Mazocchi the magistrates or by breaking idols, and in their See also: enthusiasm (Naples, 1744) and Sabbatini (Naples, 1744)
.
for martyrdom became self-centred and forgetful of their normal See C. de Smedt, Introductio generalis ad historiam ecclesi¢sticam
duty
.
None the less it is true that these men and See also: women endured Baackckerer, , ( i, 1876), pp
.
127—156; H
.
Matagne and V. de Buck in De
Bibliotheque See also: des ecrivains de la Compagnie de Jesus, 2nd ed.,
torments, often unthinkable in their cruelty, and death rather vol. iii. pp
.
369–387; De Rossi-Duchesne, See also: Les See also: Sources du martyrologe than abandon their faith
.
The same phenomena have been hieronymien (Rome, 1885); H
.
Achelis, Die Martyrologien, ihre witnessed, not only in the conflicts within the Church that Geschichte and ihr Wert (Berlin, 1900) ; H
.
Delehaye, " Le Temoignage
des martyrologes," in Analecta bollandiana, See also: xxvi
.
78–99 (1907);
marked the 13th to the 16th centuries, but in the different H
.
Quentin, Les Martyrologes historiques du moyen dge ( See also: Paris, See also: mission See also: fields, and particularly in See also: Madagascar and See also: China. r9o8)
.
(H
.
DE.)
See A
.
J
.
See also: Mason, The Historic Martyrs of the See also: Primitive Church MARULLUS, MICHAEL TARCHANIOTA (d
.
1500), See also: Greek (See also: London, 1905) ; H
.
B
.
Workman, Persecution in the Early Church See also: scholar, poet, and soldier, was See also: born at Constantinople
.
In (London, 1906); See also: Paul Allard, Ten Lectures on the Martyrs (London, 1453, when the See also: Turks captured Constantinople, he was taken 1907) ; See also: John
See also: Foxe, The See also: Book of Martyrs; Mary I
.
Bryson, See also: Cross and to See also: Ancona in See also: Italy, where he became the friend and pupil of Crown (London, 1904)
.
J
.
J
.
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