See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

MARY (1496-1533)  , See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, was the daughter of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VII. of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York . At first it was intended to marry her to See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria, the future See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor Charles V., and by the treaty of See also:

• CALAIS

Calais (Dec . 21, 1507) it was agreed that the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage should take See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place when Charles should have attained the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of fourteen, the See also:

• CONTRACT
• CONTRACT (Lat. contract us, from contrahere, to draw together, to bind)

contract being secured by bonds taken from various princes and cities in the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low Countries . On the 17th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 15o8 the Sieur de See also:

• BERGUES

Bergues, who had come over as Charles's representative at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a magnificent See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy, married the princess by See also:

• PROXY (short for " procuracy ")

proxy . The contract, originally made by Henry VII., was renewed on the 17th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1513 by Henry VIII. at a See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting with See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret of See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy at See also:

• LILLE

Lille, the See also:

• WEDDING

wedding being fixed for the following See also:

• YEAR

year . But the emperor See also:

• MAXIMILIAN
• MAXIMILIAN (1832—1867)

Maximilian I., to whom See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XII. had See also:

• PRO

pro-posed his daughter Renee as wife for Charles, with See also:

• BRITTANY

Brittany for See also:

• DOWRY (in Anglo-Fr. dowarie, O. Fr. douaire, Med. Lat. dotaria, from Lat. dos; from root of dare, to give; in Fr. dot)

dowry, postponed the match with the See also:

• ENGLISH

English princess in a way that See also:

• LEFT

left no doubt of his intention to withdraw from the contract altogether . He was forestalled by the See also:

• DIPLOMACY (Fr. diplomatic)

diplomacy of See also:

• WOLSEY, THOMAS (c. 1475–1530)

Wolsey, at whose instance See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace was signed with France on the 7th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1514,. and on the same date a treaty was concluded for the marriage of See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary Tudor with Louis XII., who had recently lost his wife See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne of Brittany . The marriage was celebrated at See also:

• ABBEVILLE

Abbeville on the 9th of October . The bridegroom was a broken See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of fifty-two; the See also:

• BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)

bride a beautiful, well-educated and charming girl of eighteen, whose See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart was already engaged to Charles See also:

• BRANDON

Brandon, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk, her future See also:

• HUSBAND

husband . The See also:

• POLITICAL

political marriage was, however, no See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long one . Mary was crowned queen of France on the 5th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1514; on the 1st of See also:

• JANUARY

January following See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King Louis died . Mary had only been induced to consent to the marriage with Louis by the promise that, on his See also:

• DEATH

death, she should be allowed to marry the man of her choice .

But there was danger that the agreement would not be kept . In France the See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

dukes of See also:

• LORRAINE

Lorraine and Savoy were mentioned as possible suitors, and meanwhile the new king, See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I., was making advances to her, and only desisted when she confessed to him her previous See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment to Suffolk . The duke himself was at the head of the embassy which came from England to congratulate the new king, and to the detriment of his political See also:

• MISSION

mission he used the opportunity to win the See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand of the queen . Francis See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good-naturedly promised to use his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence in his favour; Henry VIII. himself was not averse to the match, but Mary feared the opposition of the lords of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council, and, in spite of Suffolk's promise to the king not to take any steps in the See also:

• MATTER

matter until after his return, she persuaded him to marry her secretly before he left See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris . On their return to England in See also:

• APRIL

April, Suffolk was for a while in serious danger from the king's indignation, but was ultimately pardoned through Wolsey's intercession, on See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment of a heavy See also:

• FINE

fine and the surrender of all the queen's jewels and See also:

• PLATE

plate . The marriage was publicly solemnized at See also:

• GREENWICH

Greenwich on the 13th of May 1515 . Suffolk had been already twice married, and his first wife was still alive . He thought it necessary later on (1528) to obtain a See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull from See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement VII. declaring his marriage with his first wife invalid and his See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union with Mary therefore canonical . Mary's See also:

• LIFE

life after this was comparatively uneventful . She lived mainly in the retirement of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, but shared from See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to time in the festivities of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, and was See also:

• PRESENT

present at the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

Field of the See also:

• CLOTH

Cloth of See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

Gold . She died on the 24th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1533 . By the duke of Suffolk she had three See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children: Henry, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 11th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1516, created See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln (1525), who died See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young; Frances, born on the 16th of See also:

• JULY

July 1517, the wife of Henry See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

Grey, See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

marquess of See also:

• NORTHAMPTON
• NORTHAMPTON, ASSIZE OF
• NORTHAMPTON, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Northampton, and See also:

• MOTHER

mother of See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady Jane Grey (q.v.) ; and Eleanor .

See Lettres de Louis XII. et du See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal Georges d'See also:

• AMBOISE
• AMBOISE, GEORGES

Amboise (See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels, 1712) ; Letters and Papers of Henry VIII . (Cal . See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

State Pap.) ; M . A . E . See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

Green, Lives of the Princesses of England (vol. v., 1849--1855) ; Life by See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• GAIRDNER, JAMES (1828– )

Gairdner in Dict . Nat . Biog .