See also:MASTER (See also:Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding See also:minister is to minus, less; the See also:English See also:form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. See also:maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. See also:maestro)
, one holding a position of authority, disposition or See also:control over persons or things
.
The various applications of the word fall roughly into the following See also:main divisions; as the See also:title of the holder of a position of command or authority; as that of the holder of certain public or private offices, and hence a title of address; and as implying the relationship of a teacher to his pupils or of an employer to the persons he employs
.
As a title of the holder of an See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office, the use of the See also:Lat. magister is very See also:ancient
.
Magister equitum, See also:master of the See also:horse, goes back to the See also:early See also:history of the See also:Roman See also:Republic (see See also:DICTATOR; and for the See also:British office, MASTER OF THE HORSE)
.
In See also:medieval times the title was of See also:great frequency
.
In Du Cange (Glossarium) the See also:article magister contains over 120 sub-headings
.
In the British royal See also:household most of the offices bearing this title are now obsolete
.
Of the greater offices, that of master of the buckhounds was abolished by the See also:Civil See also:List See also:Act 1901
.
The master of the household, master of the ceremonies, master of the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's See also:music still survive
.
Since 187o the office of master of the See also:mint has been held by the See also:chancellor of the See also:exchequer, all the administrative and other duties being exercised by the See also:deputy master
.
At See also:sea, a " master " is more properly styled " master mariner." In the See also:merchant service he is the See also:commander of a See also:ship, and is by See also:courtesy known as the See also:captain
.
In the British See also:navy he was the officer entrusted with the See also:navigation under the captain
.
He had no royal See also:commission, but a See also:warrant from the Navy See also:Board
.
Very often he had been a merchant captain
.
His duties are now performed by the See also:staff commander or navigating See also:lieutenant
.
The master-at-arms is the See also:head of the See also:internal See also:police of a ship; the same title is See also:borne by a See also:senior gymnastic instructor in the See also:army
.
In -the See also:United States navy, the master is a commissioned officer below the See also:rank of lieutenant
.
" Master " appears as the title of many legal functionaries (for the masters of the supreme See also:court see See also:CHANCERY; and KING'S See also:BENCH, COURT OF; for masters in lunacy see See also:INSANITY: § See also:Law; see also MASTER OF THE ROLLS, below)
.
The " master of the faculties " is the See also:chief officer of the See also:archbishop of Canter-See also:bury in his court of faculties
.
His duties are concerned with the See also:appointment of notaries and the granting of See also:special licences of See also:marriage
.
The duties are performed ex officio by the See also:judge of the provincial courts of See also:Canterbury and See also:York, who is also See also:dean of See also:Arches, in accordance with § 7 of the Public See also:Worship
Regulation Act 1874
.
The " master of the See also:Temple " is the title of the See also:priest-in-See also:charge of the Temple See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church in See also:London
.
It was formerly the title of the See also:grand master of the Knights See also:Templars
.
The priest-in-charge of the Templars' Church was properly styled the custos, and this was preserved by the Knights Hospitallers when they were granted the See also:property of the Templars at the See also:dissolution of that See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order
.
The act of 1S4o (32 See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VIII.), which dissolved the order of the Hospitallers, wrongly styled the custos master of the Temple, and the See also:mistake has been continued
.
The proper title of a bencher of the Inns of Court is " master of the Bench " (see INNS OF COURT)
.
The title of " Master-See also:General of the See also:Ordnance " was revived in 2904 for the head of the Ordnance See also:Department in the British military See also:administration
.
" Master " is the See also:ordinary word for a teacher, very generally used in the See also:compound " schoolmaster." The word also is used in a sense transferred from this to See also:express the relation between the founder of a school of See also:religion, See also:philosophy, See also:science, See also:art, &c., and his disciples
.
It is partly in this sense and partly in that of one whose See also:work serves as a See also:model or type of superlative excellence that such terms as " old masters " are used
.
In medieval See also:universities magister was particularly applied to one who had been granted a degree carrying with it the licentia docendi, the See also:licence to See also:teach
.
In See also:English usage this survives in the See also:faculty of arts
.
The degree is that of artium magister, master of arts, abbreviated M.A
.
In the other faculties the corresponding degree is See also:doctor
.
Some British universities give a master's degree in See also:surgery, magister chirurgiae, C.M. or M.Ch., and also in science) magister scientiae, M.Sc
.
The See also:academic use of " master " as the title of the head of certain colleges at the universities of See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford and See also:Cambridge is to be referred to the frequent application of the See also:term to the holder of a presiding office in an institution
.
Master was the usual prefix of address to a See also:man's name, though originally confined to See also:people of some social See also:standing
.
Probably under the See also:influence of " See also:mistress," it was corrupted in See also:sound to " mister," and was abbreviated to " Mr." In the See also:case of the See also:puisne See also:judges of the High Court " Mr See also:Justice " is still used as the proper See also:official See also:form of written address
.
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