MAUBEUGE  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, in the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• NORD

Nord, situated on both See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the Sambre, here canalized, 234 M. by See also:

• RAIL

rail E. by S. of See also:

• VALENCIENNES

Valenciennes, and about 2 M. from the Belgian frontier . Pop . (1906), town 13,569, See also:

• COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)
• COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL

commune 21,520 . As a fortress Maubeuge has an old See also:

• ENCEINTE (Lat. in, within, cinctus, girdled; to be distinguished from the word meaning " pregnant," from in, not, and cinctus, i.e. with girdle loosened)

enceinte of See also:

• BASTION (through the Fr. from late Lat. bastire, to build)

bastion trace which serves as the centre of an important entrenched See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp of 18 m. perimeter, constructed for the most See also:

• PART

part after the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 187o, but since modernized and augmented . The town has a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade See also:

• ARBITRATION (Lat. arbitrari, to examine or judge)
• ARBITRATION, INTERNATIONAL

arbitration, a communal See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college, a commercial and See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial school; and there are important foundries, forges and blast-furnaces, together with manufactures of See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine-tools, See also:

• PORCELAIN

porcelain, &c . It is See also:

• UNITED

united by electric See also:

• TRAMWAY

tramway with Hautmont (pop . 12,473), also an important metallurgical centre . Maubeuge (Malbodium) owes its origin to a See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double monastery, for men and See also:

• WOMEN

women, founded in the 7th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century by St Aldegonde See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics of whom are preserved in the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church . It subsequently belonged to the territory of Hainault . It was burnt by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XI., by See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I., and by See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry II., and was finally assigned to France by the Treaty of See also:

• NIJMWEGEN, NIMEGUEN, NYMEGEN

Nijmwegen . It was fortified at See also:

• VAUBAN

Vauban by the command of Louis XIV., who under See also:

• TURENNE, HENRI DE LA TOUR

Turenne first saw military service there . Besieged in 1793 by See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince Josias of See also:

• COBURG

Coburg, it was relieved by the victory of See also:

• WATTIGNIES

Wattignies, which is commemorated by a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument in the town .

It was unsuccessfully besieged in 1814, but was compelled to capitulate, after a vigorous resistance, in the See also:

• HUNDRED

Hundred Days .