See also:

• MEDIOLANUM, or MEDIOLANIUM (mod. Milan, q.v.)

MEDIOLANUM, or MEDIOLANIUM (mod. See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan, q.v.)  , an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, and the most important in Gallia Transpadana . See also:

• LIVY [Thus L1v1us] (59 B.C.—A.D: 17)

Livy attributes its See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation to the Galli See also:

• INSUBRES ("Ivoµ(3pes, "Ivvouf pot)

Insubres under Bellovesus after their defeat of the Etruscans, in the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the older Tarquin . According to other authorities, the See also:

• ETRUSCAN

Etruscan city of Melpum which preceded it was destroyed in 396 B.C . See also:

• OBJECTS

Objects of the See also:

• BRONZE

Bronze See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age have been found outside the city on the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south . The name itself is See also:

• CELTIC

Celtic . The See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans defeated the Insubres in 225–222 B.C., and stormed See also:

• MEDIOLANUM, or MEDIOLANIUM (mod. Milan, q.v.)

Mediolanum itself in the latter See also:

• YEAR

year . Its inhabitants rebelled some twenty years later in the Hannibalic See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, but were defeated and finally reduced to obedience in 196 B.C . They probably acquired Latin rights in 89, and full civic rights in 49 B.C., as did those of the other towns of Gallia Transpadana . It appears later on (but not before the 2nd See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century A.D.) to have become a See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony . It acquired a pertain amount of See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• EMINENCE (Lat. eminentia)

eminence, for we hear of youths going from Comum to Mediolanum to study . In See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo's time it was on an equality with See also:

• VERONA
• VERONA, CONGRESS OF

Verona, but smaller than See also:

• PATAVIUM (mod. Padova, Eng. Padua, q.v.)

Patavium, but in the later times of the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire its importance increased . At the end of the 3rd century it became the seat of the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of Aemilia and See also:

• LIGURIA

Liguria (which then included Gallia Transpadana also, thus consisting of the 9th and 11th regions of See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus), and at the end of the 4th, of the governor of Liguria only, Aemilia having one of its own thenceforth .

From See also:

• DIOCLETIAN (GAIUs AURELIUS VALERIUS DIOCLETIANUS) (A.D. 245–313)
• DIOCLETIAN, EDICT OF (De Pretiis rerum venalium)

Diocletian's time onwards the praefectus praetorio and the imperial See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar of Italy also had their seat here: and it became one of the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal mints of the empire . The emperors of the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West resided at Mediolanum during the 4th century, until See also:

• HONORIUS
• HONORIUS, FLAVIUS (384-423)

Honorius preferred See also:

• RAVENNA
• RAVENNA, EXARCHATE OF

Ravenna, and in 402 transferred his See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court there . Its importance, described in the poems of See also:

• AUSONIUS, DECIMUS MAGNUS (c. 310-395)

Ausonius, is demonstrated by its many See also:

• INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions, and the See also:

• INTEREST

interest and variety of their contents . In these the rarity of the mention of its See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief magistrates is surprising: and it is not impossible that owing to its very impor, tance the right of appointing them had been taken from it (as See also:

• MOMMSEN, THEODOR (1817–1903)

Mommsen thinks) . The See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of Ravenna is not dissimilar . The inscriptions indicate a strong Celtic See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character in the populai tion . See also:

• PROCOPIUS

Procopius speaks of it as the first city of the West, after See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, and says that when it was captured by the Goths in 539, 300,000 of the inhabitants were killed . It was an important centre of See also:

• TRAFFIC

traffic, from which roads radiated in several directions —as See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways do to-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day—to Comum, to the See also:

• FOOT

foot of the Lacus Verbanus (Lago See also:

• MAGGIORE, LAGO (Lacus Verbanus of the Romans; Fr. Lac Majeur; Ger. Langensee)

Maggiore), to Novaria and Vercellae, to See also:

• TICINUM (mod. Pavia, q.v.)

Ticinum, to Laus Pompeia and thence to Placentia and See also:

• CREMONA
• CREMONA, LUIGI (1830-1903)

Cremona, and to Bergomum . None of these roads had an individual name, so far as we know . To its See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power corresponds the See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent position which its See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church took in the time of St See also:

• AMBROSE (AMBROISE), AUTPERT (d.' 778)
• AMBROSE (ANDREY SERTIS-KAMENSKIY) (1708-1771)
• AMBROSE (fl. 119o)
• AMBROSE, ISAAC (1604-1663/4)
• AMBROSE, SAINT (c. 340-307)

Ambrose (q.v.), See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan in 374–397, who founded the church which bears his name, and here baptized St See also:

• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (354-430)
• AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613)

Augustine in A.D . 387, and whose rite is still in use throughout the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese . See also:

• THEODOSIUS

Theodosius indeed did See also:

• PENANCE (Old Fr. penance, fr. Lat. poenitentia, penitence)

penance here at Ambrose's bidding for his slaughter of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people of Thessalonica .

After his See also:

• DEATH

death the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of invasions begins; and Milan See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt the power of the See also:

• HUNS

Huns under See also:

• ATTILA (d. 453)

Attila (452), of the See also:

• HERULI

Heruli under See also:

• ODOACER, or ODOVACAR (c. 434-493)

Odoacer (416) and of the ,Goths under See also:

• THEODORIC

Theodoric (493) . When See also:

• BELISARIUS (c. 505–565)

Belisarius was sent by Justinian to recover Italy, Datius, the See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of Milan, joined him, and the Goths were expelled from the city . But Uraia, See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of Vitigis the See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, subsequently assaulted and retook the See also:

• TOWN

town, after a brave resistance . Uraia destroyed the whole of Milan in 539; and hence it is that this city, once so important a centre of See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization, possesses so few remains of 'antiquity . See also:

• NARSES (c. 478—573)
• NARSES, NARSEH, NARSEUS

Narses, in his See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns against the Goths, had invited the See also:

• LOMBARDS, or LANGOBARDI

Lombards to his aid . They came in a See also:

• BODY

body under See also:

• ALBOIN (d. 572 or 573)

Alboin, their king, in 568, and were soon masters of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north Italy . They entered Milan in the next year, but See also:

• PAVIA (anc. Ticinum, q.v.)

Pavia became the Lombard See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital . Of Roman remains little is to be seen above ground, but a See also:

• PORTICO (Ital. for " porch," Lat. porticus)

portico of sixteen Corinthian columns near S . Lorenzo, which may belong to the See also:

• BATHS

baths of See also:

• HERCULES
• HERCULES (0. Lat. Hercoles, Hercles)

Hercules, mentioned by Ausonius, or to the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of Maximian . See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

Close to the Torre del Carrobio remains of an ancient See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge and (possibly) of the walls of Maximian were found: and many remains of ancient buildings, including a See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre, have been discovered below ground-level . The objects found are preserved in the archaeological museum in the See also:

• CASTELLO, BERNARDO (1557—1629)
• CASTELLO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1500 ?–1569 ?)
• CASTELLO, VALERIO (1625-1659)

Castello Sforzesco .