See also:

• JEAN

JEAN See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

LOUIS ERNEST See also:

• JEAN LOUIS ERNEST MEISSONIER (1815–1891)
• MEISSONIER, JUSTE

MEISSONIER (1815–1891)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French painter, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LYONS
• LYONS (Fr. Lyon)
• LYONS, COUNCILS OF
• LYONS, EDMUND LYONS, BARON (1790-1858)
• LYONS, RICHARD BICKERTON PEMELL LYONS, 1ST EARL (1817–1887)

Lyons on the 21st of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1815 . From his schooldays he showed a See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste for See also:

• PAINTING

painting, to which some See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early sketches, dated 1823, See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness . After being placed with a druggist, he obtained leave from his parents to become an artist, and, owing to the recommendation of a painter named Potier, himself a second class Piix de See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, he was admitted to See also:

• LEON
• LEON, LUIS PONCE DE (1527-1591)
• LEON, MOSES BEN SI
• LEON, or LEON DE LAS ALDAMAS

Leon Cogniet's studio . He paid See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short visits to Rome and to See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, and exhibited in the See also:

• SALON

Salon of 1831 a picture then called "See also:

• LES

Les See also:

• BOURGEOIS
• BOURGEOIS, LEON VICTOR AUGUSTE (1851– )

Bourgeois Flamands " (" Dutch Burghers "), but also known as " The Visit to the Burgomaster," subsequently See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard See also:

• WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL (1823— )
• WALLACE, LEWIS [LEW] (1827—1905)
• WALLACE, SIR RICHARD
• WALLACE, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1270-1305)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1768-1843)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1844-1897)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM VINCENT (1814-1865)

Wallace, in whose collection (at See also:

• HERTFORD
• HERTFORD, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Hertford See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House, See also:

• LONDON

London) it is, with fifteen other examples of this painter . It was the first See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in the particular genre which was destined to make See also:

• MEISSONIER, JEAN LOUIS ERNEST (1815–1891)
• MEISSONIER, JUSTE

Meissonier famous: microscopic painting—See also:

• MINIATURE

miniature in See also:

• OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)

oils . Working hard for daily See also:

• BREAD

bread at illustrations for the publishers—Curmer, Hetzel and Dubocher—he also exhibited at the Salon of 1836 the " See also:

• CHESS

Chess Player " and the " Errand Boy." After some not very happy attempts at religious painting, he returned, under theinfluence of Chenavard, to the class of See also:

• WORK

work he was born to excel in, and exhibited with much success the " See also:

• GAME

Game of Chess " (1841), the " See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

Man playing the 'Cello " (1842), " The Painter in his Studio " (1843), " The Guard See also:

• ROOM

Room," the " Young Man looking at Drawings," the " Game of See also:

• PIQUET

Piquet" (1845), and the " Game of See also:

• BOWLS

Bowls "—See also:

• WORKS

works which show the finish and certainty of his technique, and assured his success . After his " Soldiers " (1848) he began " A See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

Day in See also:

• JUNE

June," which o was never finished, and exhibited " A Smoker " (1849) and " Bravos" (" Les Bravi," 1852) . In 1855 he touched the highest See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark of his achievement with " The Gamblers " and " The See also:

• QUARREL

Quarrel " (" La Rixe"), which was presented by See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon III. to the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court . His See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

triumph was sustained at the Salon of 1857, when he exhibited nine pictures, and drawings; among them the " Young Man of the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

Time of the Regency," " The Painter," " The Shoeing See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith," " The Musician," and " A See also:

• READING

Reading at See also:

• DIDEROT, DENIS (1713-1784)

Diderot's." To the Salon of 1861 he sent " The See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

Emperor at See also:

• SOLFERINO

Solferino," " A Shoeing Smith," " A Musician," " A Painter," and " M . See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis See also:

• FOULD, ACHILLE (1800–1867)

Fould "; to that of 1864 another version of " The Emperor at Solferino," and " 18,4." He subsequently exhibited " A Gamblers' Quarrel " (1865), and " Desaix and the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

Army of the See also:

• RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine " (1867) . Meissonier worked with elaborate care and a scrupulous observation of nature . Some of his works, as for instance his " 1807," remained ten years in course of See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution .

To the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• EXHIBITION

Exhibition of 1878 he contributed sixteen pictures: the portrait of See also:

• ALEXANDRE, NOEL (NATALIS ALEXANDER) (1639-1724)

Alexandre See also:

• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE
• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE [" DUMAS FILS"] (1824-1895)
• DUMAS, GUILLAUME MATHIEU, COUNT (1753-1837)
• DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRE (1800-1884)

Dumas which had been seen at the Salon of 1877, " See also:

• CUIRASSIERS

Cuirassiers of 1805," " A Venetian Painter," " See also:

• MOREAU, GUSTAVE (1826-1898)
• MOREAU, HEGESIPPE (18ro-1838)
• MOREAU, JEAN VICTOR MARIE (1763-1813)

Moreau and his See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

Staff before Hohenlinden," a " Portrait of a See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady," the " Road to La Salice," " The Two See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

Friends," " The Outpost of the See also:

• GRAND

Grand Guard," " A See also:

• SCOUT (from O. Fr. escouter, mod. ecouter, Lat. auscultare, to listen)

Scout," and " Dictating his See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs." Thence-forward he exhibited less in the Salons, and sent his work to smaller exhibitions . Being chosen See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the Great See also:

• NATIONAL

National Exhibition in 1883, he was represented there by such works as " The See also:

• PIONEER

Pioneer," " The Army of the Rhine," " The Arrival of the Guests," and " See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint Mark." On the 24th of May 1884 an exhibition was opened at the See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

Petit See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

Gallery of Meissonier's collected works, including 146 examples . As president of the See also:

• JURY

jury on painting at the Exhibition of 1889 he contributed some new pictures . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year the New Salon was formed (the National Society of See also:

• FINE

Fine Arts), and Meissonier was president . He exhibited there in 1890 his picture " 1807 "; aid in 1891, shortly after his See also:

• DEATH

death, his." See also:

• BARRICADE, or BARRICADO (from the Span. barricada, from barrica, a cask, casks filled with earth having been early used to form barricades)

Barricade " was displayed there . A less well-known class of work than his painting is a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of etchings: " The Last Supper," " The Skill of Vuillaume the See also:

• LUTE (Arabic al'ud, " the wood "; Fr. luth; Ital. liuto; Span. laud; Ger. Laute; Dut. luit)

Lute Player," " The Little Smoker," The Old Smoker," the " Preparations for a See also:

• DUEL (Ital. duello, Lat. duellum—old form of bellum-from duo, two)

Duel," " Anglers," " Troopers," " The See also:

• REPORTING

Reporting Sergeant," and " Polichinelle," in the Hertford House collection . He also tried See also:

• LITHOGRAPHY (Gr. MOOS, a stone, and ypakecv, to write)

lithography, but the prints are now scarcely to be found . Of all the painters of the See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, Meissonier was one of the most fortunate in the See also:

• MATTER

matter of payments . His " Cuirassiers," now in the See also:

• LATE

late duc d'See also:

• AUMALE
• AUMALE, HENRI EUGENE PHILIPPE LOUIS

Aumale's collection at See also:

• CHANTILLY

Chantilly, was bought from the artist for £1o,000, sold at See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels for £11,000, and finally resold for £,6,000 . Besides his genre portraits, he painted some others: those of " See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

Doctor Lefevre," of " Chenavard," of " See also:

• VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS (1794–1877)

Vanderbilt," of " Doctor See also:

• GUYON, JEANNE MARIE BOUVIER DE LA MOTHE (1648—1717)
• GUYON, RICHARD DEBAUFRE (1803-1856)

Guyon," and of " See also:

• STANFORD, SIR CHARLES VILLIERS (1852– )

Stanford." He also collaborated with the painter See also:

• FRANCAIS, ANTOINE, COUNT (1756-1836)

Francais in a picture of " The See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park at St See also:

• CLOUD (from the same root, if not the same word, as " clod," a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages for a mass or lump; it is first applied in the usual sense in the late 13th century; the Anglo-Saxon chid is only used in the sense of " a ma

Cloud." In 1838 Meissonier married the See also:

• SISTER

sister of M . Steinbeil, a painter . Meissonier was attached by Napoleon III. to the imperial staff, and accompanied him during the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy am!, at the beginning of the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war in 1870 .

During the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris 4 in 1871 he was See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

colonel of a marching See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment . In 1840 he was awarded a third-class See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal, a second-class medal in 1841, first-class medals in 1843 and 1844 and medals of See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour at the great exhibitions . In 1846 he was appointed See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight of the See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

Lion of Honour and promoted to the higher grades in 1856, 1867 (June 29), and 188o (See also:

• JULY

July 12), receiving the . Grand See also:

• CROSS

Cross in 1889 (Oct . 29) . He nevertheless cherished certain ambitions which remained unfulfilled . He hoped to become a See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor at the Rcole See also:

• DES

des See also:

• BEAUX, CECILIA (1863– )

Beaux See also:

• ARTA (Narda, i.e. iv "Ap&a, or Zarta, i,e. eis "Apra)
• ARTA, GULF OF (anc. Sinus Ambracius)

Arta See also:

• HAT

hat the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment he desired was never given to him . On various occasion ... too, he aspired to be chosen See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy or made senator, but he was not elected . In 1861 he succeeded See also:

• ABEL (better ABELL), THOMAS (d. 1540)
• ABEL (Hebrew for breath)
• ABEL, KARL FRIEDRICH (1725-1787)
• ABEL, NIELS HENRIK (1802-1829)
• ABEL, SIR FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, BART

Abel de Pujol as member of the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy of Fine Arts . On the occasion of the See also:

• CENTENARY (from Lat. centenarius, of or belonging to a hundred, from centeni, distributive of centum, hundred)

centenary festival in honour of See also:

• MICHELANGELO (MICHELAGNIOLO BUONARROTI) (1475-1564)

Michelangelo in 1875 he was the delegate of the See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute of France to See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence, and spoke as its representative . Meissonier was an admirable draughtsman upon See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood, his illustrations to Les Conies Remois (engraved by Lavoignat), to Lamartine's Fall of an See also:

• ANGEL

Angel, to See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul and See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia, and to The French Painted by Themselves being among the best known .

The leading engravers and etchers of France have been engaged upon plates from the works of Meissonier, and many of these plates command the highest esteem of collectors . Meissonier died in Paris on the 21st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1891 . His son, See also:

• JEAN

jean See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles Meissonier, also a painter, was his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil, and was admitted to the See also:

• LEGION (Lat. legio)

Legion of Honour in 1889 . See Alexandre, Histoire de la peinture militaire en France (Paris, 1891) ; See also:

• LAURENS, HENRY (1724–1792)

Laurens, See also:

• NOTICE

Notice sur Meissonier (Paris, 1892) ; Greard, Meissonier (Paris and London, 1897) ; T . G . Dumas, Ma£tres modernes (Paris, 1884) ; Ch . Formentin, Meissonier, sa See also:

• VIE

vie—son aauore (Paris, 1901); J . W . Mollett, Illustrated See also:

• BIOGRAPHIES

Biographies of See also:

• MODERN

Modern Artists: Meissonier (London, 1882) . (H .