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MELCHIZEDEK (Heb. for " king of right...

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 92 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MELCHIZEDEK (Heb. for " See also:king of righteousness "; or, since Sedek is probably the name of a See also:god, " Sedelt is my king ")  ,1 See also:king of See also:Salem and See also:priest of " supreme El " (El `elyon), in the See also:Bible . He brought forth See also:bread and See also:wine to See also:Abraham on his return from the expedition against Chedorlaomer, and blessed him in the name of the supreme See also:God, possessor (or maker) of See also:heaven and See also:earth; and Abraham gave him See also:tithes of all his See also:booty (Gen. xiv . 18–20) . Biblical tradition tells us nothing more about See also:Melchizedek (cf . Heb. vii . 3); but the majestic figure of the king-priest, See also:prior to the priesthood of the See also:law, to whom even the See also:father of all See also:Israel paid tithes (cf . See also:Jacob at See also:Bethel, Gen. See also:xxviii . 22), suggested a figurative or typical application, first in See also:Psalm cx. to the vicegerent of Yahweh, seated on the See also:throne of See also:Zion, the king of Israel who is also priest after the See also:order of Melchizedek, and then, after the See also:Gospel had ensured the Messianic See also:interpretation of the Psalm (Matt. xxii . 42 seq.), to the kingly priesthood of Jesus, as that See also:idea is worked out at length in the See also:Epistle to the See also:Hebrews . The theological See also:interest which attaches to the idea of the pre-Aaronic king-priest in these typical applications is practically See also:independent of the See also:historical questions suggested by the narrative of Gen. xiv . The See also:episode of Melchizedek, though connected with the See also:main narrative by the epithets given to Yahweh in Gen. xiv . 22, breaks the natural connexion of verses 17 and 21, and may perhaps have come originally from a See also:separate source .

As the narrative now stands Salem must be sought in the vicinity of " the See also:

kings See also:dale," which from 2 Sam. xviii . 18, probably, but not necessarily, See also:lay near See also:Jerusalem . That Salem is Jerusalem, as in Psalm lxxvi . 2, ' It is to be noted also that the name is of the same See also:form as See also:Adoni-zedek, king of Jerusalem (Josh. x . 1), and that the un-Hebraic Araunah of 2 Sam. See also:xxiv . 16 is probably a corruption of the similar See also:compound See also:Adonijah (so See also:Cheyne, Ency . Bib. See also:col . 290).is the See also:ancient and See also:common view; but even in the 15th See also:century B.c . Jerusalem was known as Uru-salim . See also:Jerome and others have identified Salim with one or other of the various placeswhich See also:bear that name, e.g. the EaXeig of See also:John iii . 23, 8 m. See also:south of Bethshean . In a genuine See also:record of extreme antiquity the See also:union of king and priest in one See also:person, the See also:worship of El as the supreme deity bra Canaanite,2 and the widespread practice of the See also:consecration of a tithe of booty can See also:present no difficulty ; but, if the historical See also:character of the narrative is denied, the date of the conception must be placed as See also:late as the rise of the temporal authority of the high priests after the See also:exile .

So far no See also:

evidence has been found in the See also:cuneiform See also:inscriptions or elsewhere in support either of the genuineness of the episode in its present form, or of the antiquit which is attributed to it (see further, J . See also:Skinner, See also:Genesis, pp . 269 sqq . . An ancient See also:legend identifies Melchizedek with See also:Shem (Palestinian See also:Targum, Jerome on Isa. xli., Ephraem Syrus in loco) .

End of Article: MELCHIZEDEK (Heb. for " king of righteousness "; or, since Sedek is probably the name of a god, " Sedelt is my king ")
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Additional information and Comments

Both Melchizedek and Abram/Abraham are most likely esoteric/mystical concepts, but there is a much overlooked historic record for the existence of king/kings of Jerusalem during the time that Genesis considers Abram/Abraham to have lived and afterwards. Consider the following facts: Abraham is said to have lived during 1812 BC/BCE to 1637 BC/BCE where he met with Melchizedek King of Salem/Jerusalem. During 19th century BCE there was correspondence between ruler of Jerusalem and the Egyptian Pharaoh preserved in the Amarna Letters Archives In 13th century BCE there was correspondence between Abdi-Hebat (Servant of Hebat) king of Jerusalem and Akhenaton in Egypt as preserved in Amarna Letters Archives.
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