See also:

• MELON (Late Lat. melo, shortened form of Gr. p XoaEawv, a kind of gourd; µijXov, apple, and a- brow, ripe)

MELON (See also:

• LATE

Late See also:

• LAT

Lat. melo, shortened See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of Gr. p XoaEawv, a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• GOURD

gourd; µijXov, See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

apple, and a- brow, ripe)  , Cucumis melo, a polymorphic See also:

• SPECIES

species of the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order See also:

• CUCURBITACEAE

Cucurbitaceae, including numerous varieties.' The See also:

• MELON (Late Lat. melo, shortened form of Gr. p XoaEawv, a kind of gourd; µijXov, apple, and a- brow, ripe)

melon is an See also:

• ANNUAL

annual trailing See also:

• HERB (Lat. herba, grass, food for cattle, generally taken to represent the Old Lat. forbea, Gr. 4op(3i1, pasture, <0p/3Ew, to feed, Sans. bharb, to eat)

herb with palmately-lobed leaves, and bears tendrils by means of which it' is readily trained over trellises, &c . It is monoecious, 1 having male and See also:

• FEMALE

female See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers on the same plant; the flowers have deeply five-lobed campanu- &See also:

• LATE

late corollas and three stamens . Naudin observed that in some varieties (e.g. of Cantaloups) fertile stamens sometimes occur in the female flowers . It is a native of See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south See also:

• ASIA

Asia " from the See also:

• FOOT

foot of the Himalayas to Cape See also:

• COMORIN, CAPE

Comorin,"2 where it grows spontaneously, but is cultivated in the temperate and warm regions of the whole See also:

• WORLD

world . It is variable both in diversity of foliage and See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit, but much more so in the See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit, which in some varieties is no larger than an See also:

• OLIVE (Olea europaea)

olive, while in others it rivals the See also:

• GOURD

gourd (Cucurbita See also:

• MAXIMA

maxima) . The fruit is globular, ovoid, spindle-shaped, or See also:

• SERPENT (Lat. serpens, creeping, from serpere; cf. "reptile " from repere, Gr.4 ml-eta)

serpent-like, netted or smooth-skinned, ribbed or furrowed, variously coloured externally, with See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green, or See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange flesh when ripe, scented or scentless, sweet or insipid, See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter or even nauseous, &c . Like the gourd, the melon undergoes See also:

• STRANGE, SIR ROBERT (1721-1792)

strange See also:

• META

meta-morphoses by See also:

• CROSSING

crossing its varieties, though the latter preserve their characters when alone . The offspring of all crossings are fertile . As remarkable cases of sudden changes produced by artificially crossing races, M . Naudin records that in 1859 the offspring of the See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild melons m. sauvage de l'Inde (C. melo agrestis) and m. s. d'Afrique, le See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

petit m. de Figari See also:

• BORE

bore different fruits from their parents, the former being ten to twelve times their See also:

• SIZE

size, ovoid, white-skinned, more or less scented, and with reddish flesh; though another individual bore fruits no larger than a See also:

• NUT
• NUT (0. Eng. knutu, cf. Dutch noot, Ger. Nuss; allied with Gael. cno; it is not of the same form as Lat. nux)

nut . The offspring of m. de Figari after being crossed bore fruits of the serpent-melon . On the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, the serpent-melon was made to See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear ovoid and reticulated fruit .

Naudin thinks it is probable that the culture of the melon in Asia is as See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient as that of all other alimentary vegetables . The Egyptians See also:

• GREW, NEHEMIAH (1641-1712)

grew it, or at least inferior races of melon, which were either indigenous or introduced from Asia . The See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans and doubtless the Greeks were See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar with it, though some forms may have been described as cucumbers . See also:

• COLUMELLA, LUCIUS JUNIUS MODERATUS

Columella seems to refer to the serpent-melon in the phrase ut coluber ... venire cubat flexo . See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny describes theni as pepones (xix . 23 to xx . 6) and Columella as melones (xi . 2, 53) . The melon began to be extensively cultivated in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in 1629, according to See also:

• OLIVIER, JUSTE DANIEL (1807-1876)

Olivier de See also:

• SERRES, OLIVIA (1772-1834)

Serres . See also:

• GERARD (c. 1040-1120)
• GERARD (d. I1o8)
• GERARD, ETIENNE MAURICE, COUNT (1773–1852)
• GERARD, FRANCOIS, BARON (1770-1837)
• GERARD, JEAN IGNACE ISIDORE (1803-1847)
• GERARD, JOHN (1545-1612)
• GERARD, or GIRARD, AUDRAN

Gerard (Herball, 772) figured and described in 1597 several kinds of melons or pompions, but he has included gourds under the same name . The origin of some of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• MODERN

modern races, such as " Cantaloups," " Dudaim," and probably the netted sorts, is due to See also:

• PERSIA

Persia and the neighbouring Caucasian regions . The first of these was brought to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome from See also:

• ARMENIA (old Persian Armina, Armenian Hayasdan, or Hayq)

Armenia in the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and supplies the chief sorts grown for the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French markets; but many others are doubtless artificial productions of See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• EUROPE

Europe .

The See also:

• WATER

water-melon (Citrullus vulgaris) is a member of a different genus of the same order . It has been cultivated for its cool refreshing fruit since the earliest times in See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt and the Orient, and was known before the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian era in See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern Europe and Asia . The melon requires artificial See also:

• HEAT (0. E. haktu, which like " hot," Old Eng. hat, is from the Teutonic type haita, hit, to be hot; cf. Ger. hitze, heiss; Dutch, hitte, heet, &c.)

heat to grow it to perfection, the 1 For a full See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the species of Cucumis and of the varieties of melon by See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles Naudin, see Annales See also:

• DES

des sciences naturelles, ?Or 4, vol . Xi. p . 34 (t859) . 2 Naudin, loc. cit. pp . 39, 76.See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock and cantaloup varieties succeeding with a bottom heat, of 70° and an atmospheric temperature of 75°, rising with See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun heat to 8o°, and the See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian varieties requiring a bottom heat of 75°, gradually increasing to 8o°, and an 'atmospheric temperature ranging from 75° to 8o° when the fruit is swelling, as much sun heat as the See also:

• PLANTS

plants can bear being allowed at all times . The melon grows best in See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich turfy See also:

• LOAM (O.E. lam; the word appears in Dut. leem and Ger. Lehm; the ultimate origin is the root lai-, meaning " to be sticky," which is seen in the cognate " lime," Lat. limus, mud, clay)

loam, somewhat heavy, with which a little well-rotted dung, especially that of pigeons or fowls, should be used, in the proportion of one-fifth mixed in the compost of loam . Melons are grown on hotbeds of fermenting manure, when the See also:

• SOIL

soil should be about a foot in thickness, or in pits heated either by hot water or fermenting See also:

• MATTER

matter, or in houses heated by hot water, in which See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case the soil See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

bed should be 15 or 18 in. thick . The fermenting materials should be well prepared, and, since the heat has to be kept up by linings, it is a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan to introduce one or two layers of faggots in See also:

• BUILDING

building up the bed . A mixture of dung and leaves gives a more subdued but more durable heat . For all See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary purposes See also:

• FEBRUARY

February is See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early enough for See also:

• SOWING (from "to sow," O. Eng. shwan, cf. Du. zaaijen, Ger. saen, &c.; the root is seen in Lat. severe, cf. "seed")

sowing the first See also:

• CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop, as well-flavoured fruits can scarcely be looked for before May .

The seeds may be sown singly in 3-in. pots in a mixture of See also:

• LEAF (O. Eng. leaf, cf. Dutch loof, Ger. Laub, Swed. lof, &c.; possibly to be referred to the root seen in Gr. Ma-eta, to peel, strip)

leaf-See also:

• MOULD

mould with a little loam, the pots being plunged in a bottom heat of 75° to 8o°, and as near the See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass as possible, in order that the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young plants may not be See also:

• DRAWN

drawn up . The See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill or See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

ridge of soil should be about a foot in thickness, the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the See also:

• SURFACE

surface being afterwards made up nearly to the same level . If the fruiting-bed is not ready when the roots have nearly filled the pots, they must be shifted into 4-See also:

• INCH (O. Eng. ynce from Lat. uncia, a twelfthpart; cf. " ounce," and see As)

inch pots, for they must not get starved or pot-See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound . Two or three plants are usually planted in a See also:

• MOUND

mound or ridge of soil placed in the centre of each See also:

• LIGHT

light, and the rest of the surface is covered over to a similar See also:

• DEPTH

depth as soon as the roots have made their way through the mound . The melon being one of those plants which produce distinct male and female flowers, it is necessary to its fertility that both should be produced, and that the See also:

• POLLEN, AUGUST (or, as he afterwards called himself, ADOLF) LUDWIG (1794-1855)

pollen of the male See also:

• FLOWER (Lat. flos, floris; Fr. fleur)
• FLOWER, SIB

flower should, either naturally by See also:

• INSECT

insect agency, or artificially by the See also:

• CULTIVATOR

cultivator's manipulation, be conveyed to the stigma of the female flower; this setting of the fruit is often done by stripping a male flower of its corolla, and inverting it in the centre of the fruit-bearing flower . After the fruit has set and has grown to the size of an See also:

• EGG (O.E. aeg, cf. Ger. Ei, Swed. aegg, and prob. Gr. u,ov, Lat. ovum)
• EGG, AUGUSTUS LEOPOLD (1816-1863)

egg, it should be preserved from contact with the soil by placing it on a piece of See also:

• TILE (0. Eng. tigel, Fr. tuile, connected with Lat. tegula)

tile or See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate; or if grown on a trellis by a little swinging wooden shelf, just large enough to hold it . In either case the material used should be tilted a little to one See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side, so as to permit water to drain away . Before the See also:

• PROCESS

process of ripening commences, the roots should have a sufficient See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of moisture, so that none may be required from that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time until the fruit is cut . When the melon is grown in a See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house there should be a good depth of drainage over the tank or other source of bottom heat, and on this should be placed turfs, grass side downwards, below the soil, which should not be less than 15 and need not be more than 18 in. in thickness . The compost should be made moderately See also:

• FIRM

firm, and only See also:

• HALF

half the bed should be made up at first, the rest being added as the- roots require it . The melon may' also be grown in large pots, supplied with artificial manure or manure water . The stems may be trained up the trellis in the usual way, or the rafters of a See also:

• PINE (Lat. Pinus, Gr. srlrur)

pine See also:

• STOVE

stove may be utilized for the purpose .

If the trellis is constructed in panels about the width of the See also:

• LIGHTS, CEREMONIAL USE OF

lights, it can be taken down and conveniently stowed away when not in use . The presence of too much moisture either in the See also:

• ATMOSPHERE (Gr. fir µ6r, vapour; orkaipa, a sphere)

atmosphere or in the soil is See also:

• APT

apt to cause the plants to See also:

• DAMP

damp off at the See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck, but the evil may be. checked by applying a little fresh-slaked See also:

• LIME
• LIME (O. Eng. lim, Lat. limes, mud, from linere, to smear)

lime See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the See also:

• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem of the plant . Melons are liable to the attack of red spider, which are best removed by syringing with See also:

• RAIN (O.E. regn; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Regen, Swed. and Dan. regn; it has been connected with Lat. rigare, to wet, Gr. 13pixeav)

rain-water, and prevented by keeping a fairly humid atmosphere; green or See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black See also:

• FLY (formed on the root of the supposed original Tent. fleugan, to fly)

fly should also be watched for and removed by See also:

• FUMIGATION (from Lat. fumigare, to smoke)

fumigation with See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco See also:

• SMOKE (from O. Eng. smeocan, to smoke, reek, cf. Dutch meek, Ger. Schmauch, probably allied to Gr. vol9caiv)

smoke or by " vaporizing." The varieties of melon are continually receiving additions, and as newer varieties See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring into favour, so the older ones drop out of cultivation . A See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• DEAL

deal depends on getting the varieties true to name, as they are very liable to get See also:

• CROSS

cross-fertilized by insect agency . Some of the best at See also:

• PRESENT

present are : See also:

• SCARLET

Scarlet fleshed.—See also:

• BLENHEIM (Ger. Blindheim)

Blenheim Orange, See also:

• FROGMORE

Frogmore Orange, Invincible, See also:

• SUTTON
• SUTTON, SIR RICHARD (d. c. 1524)
• SUTTON, THOMAS (c. 1532—1611)

Sutton's Scarlet, and See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

Triumph . White-fleshed.—See also:

• GOLDEN

Golden Orange, See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

Hero of Lockinge, Longleat Perfection, Royal Favourite . Green-fleshed.—See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen, Epicure, Exquisite, Monarab, Ringleader . The See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market-gardeners round See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris and other parts of France chiefly cultivate varieties of Cantaloup melon known as the See also:

• PRESCOTT, WILLIAM HICKLING (1796-1859)

Prescott hatif a. See also:

• CHASSIS (Fr. chassis, a frame, from the Late. Lat. capsum, an enclosed space)

chassis and Prescott fond See also:

• BLANC, (JEAN JOSEPH CHARLES) LOUIS (1811-1882)
• BLANC, MONT

blanc—both excellent in flavour . The plants are grown in frames on hotbeds, and only one large fruit is allowed to mature on each plant . If secured early in the See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season=-say in See also:

• JUNE

June—from 25 to 35 francs can be obtained for each fruit in the Paris markets; later fruits, however, drop down to 2 francs each, or even less when there is a glut (see J . Weathers, French Market-Gardening) .