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See also: group)
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The name is derived from mercurium captans, in allusion to the fact that these compounds react readily with mercuric See also: oxide to See also: form crystalline mercury derivatives
.
The See also: mercaptans may, be prepared by the See also: action of the alkyl halides on an alcoholic solution of potassium hydrosulphide; by the reduction of the sulpho-chlorides, e.g
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C2H5SO2C1 (chlorides of sulphonic acids), by See also: heating the salts of See also: esters of sulphuric acid with potassium hydrosulphide, and by heating the alcohols with phosphorus pentasulphide
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They are colourless liquids, which are insoluble in See also: water and possess a characteristic offensive smell
.
On oxidation by nitric acid they yield sulphonic acids
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They combine with See also: aldehydes and See also: ketones, with elimination of water and formation of mercaptals and mercaptols
.
(See See also: SULPHONAL.)
Methyl mercaptan, CHI.SH, is a liquid which boils at 5.8° C
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(752 mm.), and forms a crystalline See also: hydrate with water
.
See also: Ethyl mercaptan, C2H5.SH, is a colourless liquid which boils at 36.2° C
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It is used commercially in the preparation of sulphonal (q.v.)
.
The mercury See also: salt, Hg(SC2Hb)2, crystallizes from See also: alcohol in plates
.
When heated with alcohol to 19o° C. it decomposes into mercury and ethyldisulphide . |
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