JOHANN HEINRICH See also:

• JOHANN HEINRICH MERCK (1741–1791)

MERCK (1741–1791)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German author and critic, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• DARMSTADT

Darmstadt on the 11th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1741, a few days after the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• FATHER

father, a chemist . He studied See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law at See also:

• GIESSEN

Giessen, and in 1767 was given an See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment in the paymaster's See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department at Darmstadt, and a See also:

• YEAR

year later himself became paymaster . For a number of years he exercised See also:

• CON

con- "' siderable See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence upon the See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany; he helped to found the Frankfurter gelehrte Anzeigen in 1772, and was one of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief contributors to See also:

• NICOLAI, CHRISTOPH FRIEDRICH (1733-1811)

Nicolai's Allgemeine Bibliothek . In 1782 he accompanied the Landgravine Karoline of See also:

• HESSE
• HESSE (Lat. Hessia, Ger. Hessen)

Hesse-Darmstadt to St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, and on his return was a See also:

• GUEST (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Gast, and Swed. gust; cognate with Lat. hostis, originally a stranger, hence enemy; cf. " host " )
• GUEST, EDWIN (1800–188o)

guest of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus of See also:

• WEIMAR

Weimar in the See also:

• WARTBURG, THE

Wartburg, Unfortunate speculations brought him into pecuniary embarrassment in 1788, and although See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends, notably See also:

• GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG VON (1749-1832)

Goethe; were ready to come to his assistance, his losses—combined with the death of five of his See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children—so preyed upon his mind that he committed See also:

• SUICIDE (from Lat. sui, of oneself, and cidium, from cued ere, to kill)

suicide on the 27th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1791 . See also:

• MERCK, JOHANN HEINRICH (1741–1791)

Merck distinguished himself mainly as a critic; his keen See also:

• PERCEPTION (from Lat. percipere, to perceive)

perception, See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical perspicacity and refined See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste made him a valuable See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide to the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young writers of the See also:

• STURM
• STURM, JULIUS (1816-1896)

Sturm and Drang . He also wrote a number of small See also:

• TREATISES

treatises, dealing mostly with literature and See also:

• ART

art, especially See also:

• PAINTING

painting, and a few poems, stories, narratives and the like; but they have not much See also:

• INTRINSIC (through Fr. intrinsique, from Lat. intrinsecus, inwardly; inter, within, secus, following, from root of sequi, to follow)

intrinsic importance . Merck's letters are particularly interesting and instructive, and throw much See also:

• LIGHT

light upon the literary conditions of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . Merck's Ausgewahlte Schriften zur schonen Literatur and Kunst were published by A . Stahr in 184o, with a See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography . See Briefe an J . H . Merck von Goethe, See also:

• HERDER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED VON (1744-1803)

Herder, See also:

• WIELAND, CHRISTOPH MARTIN (1733-1813)

Wieland and andern bedeutenden Zeitgenossen (1835), Briefe an and von J .

H . Merck (1838) and Briefe aus dem Freundeskreise von Goethe, Herder, Hopfner and Merck (1847), all edited by K . See also:

• WAGNER, ADOLF (1835- )
• WAGNER, RUDOLPH (1805-1864)
• WAGNER, WILHELM RICHARD (1813-1883)

Wagner . Cf . G . See also:

• ZIMMERMANN, JOHANN GEORG, RITTER VON

Zimmermann, J . H . Merck, See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

seine Umgebung and seine Zeit (1871) . MERCO;UR, SEIGNEURS AND See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

DUKES OF . The See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of Mercceur in See also:

• AUVERGNE

Auvergne, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, gave its name to a See also:

• LINE

line of powerful lords, which became See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct in the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and passed by See also:

• INHERITANCE

inheritance to the dauphins of Auvergne, See also:

• COUNTS

counts of Clermont . In 1426 it passed to the Bourbons by the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage. of Jeanne de Clermont, See also:

• DAUPHINE

dauphine of Auvergne, with See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis de See also:

• BOURBON
• BOURBON, CHARLES, DUKE OF (149o-1527)

Bourbon, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• MONTPENSIER, ANNE MARIE LOUISE
• MONTPENSIER, COUNTS AND DUKES OF

Montpensier . It formed See also:

• PART

part of the confiscated estates of the See also:

• CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
• CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
• CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
• CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
• CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)

Constable de Bourbon, and was given by See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I. and See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise of See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy to See also:

• ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

Antoine, duke of See also:

• LORRAINE

Lorraine, and his wife, Renee de Bourbon .

See also:

• NICOLAS
• NICOLAS, SIR NICHOLAS HARRIS (1799–1848)

Nicolas of Lorraine, son of Duke Antoine, was created duke of Mercceur and a peer of France in 1569 . His son Philippe See also:

• EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

Emmanuel (see below) See also:

• LEFT

left a daughter, who married the duc de See also:

• VENDOME
• VENDOME, LOUIS JOSEPH

Vendome in 16(29 .