See also:

• MERCY (adapted from Fr. merci, Lat. merces, reward)
• MERCY (or MERCI), FRANZ, FREIHERR VON

MERCY (or MERCI), See also:

• FRANZ, ROBERT (1815-1892)

FRANZ, FREIHERR VON  , See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord of Mandre and Collenburg (d . 1645), See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general in the See also:

• THIRTY

Thirty Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, who came of a See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble See also:

• FAMILY

family of See also:

• LORRAINE

Lorraine, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LONGWY

Longwy between 1590 and 1598 . From 16o6 to 163o he was engaged in the imperial service . By the latter See also:

• YEAR

year he had attained high military See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank, and after distinguishing himself at the first See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• BREITENFELD

Breitenfeld (1631) he commanded a See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment of See also:

• FOOT

foot on the See also:

• RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine and defended Rheinfelden against the Swedes with the utmost bravery, surrendering only after enduring a five-months' See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege . He now became a general officer of See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry (General-Feldwachtmeister), and in 1635, 1636 and 1637 took See also:

• PART

part in further See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns on the Rhine and See also:

• DOUBS

Doubs . In See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1638 he was made See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master-general of See also:

• ORDNANCE (a syncopated form of " ordinance " or " ordonnance," so spelt in this sense since the 17th century)

ordnance in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army of See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria, then the second largest army in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . In the next See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign he was practically See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the Bavarians, and at times also of an allied army of Imperialists and Bavarians . He was now considered one of the foremost soldiers in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, and was made general See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal in 1643, when he won his See also:

• GREAT

great victory over the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French marshal Rantzau at See also:

• TUTTLINGEN

Tuttlingen (Nov . 24-25), capturing the marshal and seven thousand men . In the following year See also:

• MERCY (adapted from Fr. merci, Lat. merces, reward)
• MERCY (or MERCI), FRANZ, FREIHERR VON

Mercy opposed the French armies, now under the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• ENGHIEN
• ENGHIEN, LOUIS ANTOINE HENRI DE BOURBON

Enghien (afterwards the great See also:

• CONDE
• CONDE, LOUIS DE BOURBON, PRINCE
• CONDE, LOUIS II
• CONDE, PRINCES OF

Conde) and the vicomte de See also:

• TURENNE, HENRI DE LA TOUR

Turenne . He fought, and in the end lost, the desperate See also:

• BAT

bat le of See also:

• FREIBURG

Freiburg, but revenged himself next year by inflicting upon Turenne the defeat of See also:

• MERGENTHEIM

Mergentheim (Marienthal) . Later in 1645, fighting once more against Enghien and Turenne, Mercy was killed at the battle of Niedlingen (or Allerheim) at the crisis of the engagement, which, even without Mercy's guiding See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, was almost a See also:

• DRAWN

drawn battle .

He died on the 3rd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1645 . On the spot where he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell, Enghien erected a memorial, with the inscription Sta viator, heroem calcas . His grandnephew See also:

• CLAUDIUS
• CLAUDIUS [TIBERIUS CLAUDIUS DRUSUS NERO GERMANICUS]
• CLAUDIUS, MARCUS AURELIUS
• CLAUDIUS, MATTHIAS (174o-1815)

CLAUDIUS FLORIMOND, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT MERCY DE VILLETS (1666-1734), Imperial field marshal, son of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother Kaspar, who fell at Freiburg, was born in Lorraine, and entered the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian army as a volunteer in 1682 . He won his See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission at the great battle of See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna in the following year; and during seven years of campaigning in See also:

• HUNGARY
• HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

Hungary See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to the rank of Rittmeister . A See also:

• WOUND (O. Eng. wund,connected with a Teutonic verb, meaning to strive, fight, suffer, seen in O. Eng. winnan, whence Eng. " win ")

wound sustained at this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time permanently injured his sight . For five years more, up to 1697, he was employed in the See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian campaigns, then he was called back to Hungary by See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• EUGENE

Eugene and won on the field of See also:

• ZENTA

Zenta two grades of promotion . He displayed great daring in the first campaigns of the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

Succession War in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, twice fell into the hands of the enemy in fights at See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close quarters and for his conduct at the surprise of See also:

• CREMONA
• CREMONA, LUIGI (1830-1903)

Cremona (See also:

• JAN

Jan . 31, 1702) received the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor's thanks and the proprietary colonelcy of a newly raised cuirassier regiment . With this he took part in the Rhine campaign of 1703, and the battle of Friedlingen, and his success as an intrepid See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader of raids and forays became well known to friend and foe . He was on that See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account selected See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1704 to harry the elector of Bavaria's dominions . He was soon afterwards promoted General-F eldwachtmeister, in which rank he was engaged in the battle of the Schellenberg (See also:

• JULY

July 2, 1704) . In the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the war he was often distinguished by his fiery courage .

He rose to be general of cavalry in the course of these ten years . His resolute leadership was conspicuous at the battle of See also:

• PETERWARDEIN (Hung. Petervarad, Serv. Petrovaradin)

Peterwardein (1716) and he was soon afterwards made commander of the See also:

• BANAT (Hungarian Bansdg)

Banat of Temesv~r . At the great battle of See also:

• BELGRADE (Servian, Biograd or Beograd, i.e. " White Castle")

Belgrade (1717) he led the second See also:

• LINE

line of See also:

• LEFT

left wing cavalry in a brilliant and decisive See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge which drove the See also:

• TURKS

Turks to their trenches . After the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace he resumed the See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of the Banat, which after more than 15o years of See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish See also:

• RULE

rule needed a humane and capable See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor . But before his See also:

• WORK

work was done he was once more called away to a command in the field, this time in See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern Italy, where he fought the battle of Francavilla (See also:

• JUNE

June 2o, 1719), took See also:

• MESSINA

Messina and besieged See also:

• PALERMO (Greek, Havopuos; Latin, Panhormus, Panormus)

Palermo . For eleven years more he administered the Banat, reorganizing the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country as a prosperous and civilized community . In 1734 he was made a general field marshal in the army, but on the 29th of June was killed at the battle of See also:

• PARMA

Parma while personally leading his troops . He left no See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, and his name passed to Count Argenteau, from whom came the family of Mercy-Argenteau (see below) .