MIDSHIPMAN  , the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title in the See also:

• BRITISH

British and See also:

• AMERICAN

American navies of the " See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young gentlemen " who are serving in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to qualify themselves to hold a See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission as See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant . The See also:

• ENGLISH

English midshipman was originally a See also:

• PETTY, SIR WILLIAM (1623-1687)

petty officer, one of the See also:

• CREW (sometimes explained as a sea term of Scandinavian origin, cf. O. Icel. kris, a swarm or crowd, but now regarded as a shortened form of accrue, accrewe, used in the 16th century in the sense of a reinforcement, O. Fr. acreue, from accrofire, to grow,
• CREW, NATHANIEL CREW, 3RD BARON (1633–1721)

crew under the immediate orders of the See also:

• BOATSWAIN (pronounced " bo'sun "; derived from " boat " and " swain," a servant)

boatswain . After the restoration of See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II., in 166o, the king and his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

Duke of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord high See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral, decided to See also:

• TRAIN (M. Eng. trayn or trayne, derived through Fr. from Late Lat. trahinare, to drag, draw, Lat. trahere, cf. trail, trace, ultimately from the same source)

train See also:

• OFFICERS

officers for the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea service . They therefore decided to send a volunteer to each See also:

• SHIP

ship of a See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron in commission, with a " See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter of service," which instructed the admirals and captains that the See also:

• BEARER

bearer was to be shown " such kindness as you shall See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge See also:

• FIT

fit for a See also:

• GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its original and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

gentleman, both in accommodating him in your ship and in furthering his improvement." He was to receive the pay of a midshipman, and one midshipman less was to be See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne in the ship . Until 1729 the young gentlemen who entered the British See also:

• NAVY

navy were known as " king's letter boys." In that See also:

• YEAR

year the See also:

• SYSTEM

system was altered . A school, known as the See also:

• NAVAL

naval See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

academy, was founded at See also:

• PORTSMOUTH
• PORTSMOUTH, EARLS OF
• PORTSMOUTH, LOUISE DE

Portsmouth in which See also:

• FORTY

forty lads were to be trained for the sea service . In 1773 the school, having proved unsatisfactory, was reorganized and the number of boys to be trained there increased from forty to seventy . In 18o6 it was again reorganized, under the name of the naval See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college, and was finally suppressed in 1837, when the practice of training the boys under instructors in the See also:

• SHIPS

ships was introduced . A See also:

• SPECIAL

special school was re-established in 1857, and was finally placed in the " Britannia." In the meantime the number of midshipmen had increased far beyond one for a ship . A lineof-See also:

• BATTLE

battle ship in the 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century carried as many as twenty-four, and the title had come to be confined entirely to those who were being trained as officers . The immense See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of officers of the British navy never passed through the academy or the college . They entered the ships directly as " captains' servants " or " See also:

• VOLUNTEERS

volunteers," and were rated midshipman, if there was a vacancy, at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of fifteen .

As they were expected to learn See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

navigation, they were instructed by the See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master, and at the age of seventeen were supposed to be qualified to be masters' mates . To-See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day the midshipman is the officer of the British and American navies who has passed through the preliminary See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools and has been appointed to a ship . The See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent Is aspirant, and other See also:

• EUROPEAN

European navies use that name, or See also:

• CADET (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. capitettum, a diminutive of caput, head, through the Provencal form capdet)

cadet .