MIKHAIL ILLARIONOVICH See also:

• VORONTSOV
• VORONTSOV (or WoRoNZOFF)

VORONTSOV (1714-1767)  , See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian imperial See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor, was the first to become prominent . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of fourteen he was appointed a Kammer See also:

• JUNKER, WILHELM (1840-1892)

junker at the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of the cesarevna See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth Petrovna, whom he See also:

• VORONTSOV
• VORONTSOV (or WoRoNZOFF)

VORONTSOV materially assisted during the famous coup d'etat of the 6th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1741, when she mounted the Russian See also:

• THRONE

throne on the shoulders of the Preobrazhensky Grenadiers . On the 3rd of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1742 he married See also:

• ANNA
• ANNA (Hindustani ana)
• ANNA, BALDASARRE

Anna Skavronskaya, the empress's See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin; and in 1744 was created a See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count and See also:

• VICE

vice-chancellor . His See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy of See also:

• ALEXIS
• ALEXIS, WILLIBALD

Alexis Bestuzhev induced him to participate in Lestocq's See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy against that statesman . The empress's See also:

• AFFECTION (Lat. ad, and facere, to do something to, sc. a person)

affection for him (she owed much to his skilful See also:

• PEN (Lat. penna, a feather, pen)

pen and still more to the liberality of his See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich kinsfolk) saved him from the See also:

• FATE

fate of his accomplices, but he lived in a See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of semi-See also:

• ECLIPSE (Gr. €uheo,tis, falling out of place, failing)

eclipse during the domination of Bestuzhev (1744–1758) . On the disgrace of Bestuzhev, Vorontsov was made imperial chancellor in his See also:

• STEAD, WILLIAM THOMAS (1849– )

stead . Though well-meaning and perfectly honest, Vorontsov as a politician was singularly timorous and irresolute, and always took his cue from the court . Thus, under Elizabeth he was an avowed enemy of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia and a warm friend of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France; yet he made no effort to prevent See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter III. from See also:

• REVERSING

reversing the policy of his predecessor . Yet he did not lack See also:

• PERSONAL

personal courage, and endured See also:

• TORTURE (from Lat. torquere, to twist)

torture after the Revolution of the 9th of See also:

• JULY

July 1762 rather than betray his See also:

• LATE

late See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master . He greatly disliked See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine II., and at first refused to serve under her, though she reinstated him in the dignity of chancellor . When he found that the real See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign affairs was in the hands of Nikita See also:

• PANIN, NIKITA IVANOVICH, COUNT (1718—1783)

Panin, he resigned his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office (1763) . Vorontsov was a generous See also:

• PROTECTOR

protector of the nascent Russian literature, and, to See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge from his letters, was a highly cultivated See also:

• MAI, ANGELO (1782—1854)

mai .