MIKHAIL SEMENOVICH See also:

• VORONTSOV
• VORONTSOV (or WoRoNZOFF)

VORONTSOV (1782-1856)  , See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince and See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field-See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal, son of the preceding, spent his childhood and youth with his See also:

• FATHER

father in See also:

• LONDON

London, where he received a brilliant See also:

• EDUCATION

education . During 1803--4 he served in the See also:

• CAUCASUS

Caucasus under Tsitsianov and Gulyakov, and was nearly killed in the Zakatahko disaster (See also:

• JANUARY

January 15, 1804) . From ISo,5 to 1807 he served in the See also:

• NAPOLEONIC

Napoleonic See also:

• WARS

wars, and was See also:

• PRESENT

present at the battles of See also:

• PULTUSK

Pultusk and See also:

• FRIEDLAND

Friedland . From 1809 to 1811 he participated in the See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War and distinguished himself in nearly every important See also:

• ACTION

action . He was attached to See also:

• BAGRATION, PETER, PRINCE (1765-1812)

Bagration's See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army during the war of 1812, was seriously wounded at See also:

• BORODINO

Borodino, sufficiently recovering, however, to re-join the army in 1813 . In 1814, at Craonne, he brilliantly withstood See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon in See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person . He was the See also:

• COMMANDER

commander of the See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps of occupation in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France from 1815 to 1818 . On the 7th of May 1823 he was appointed See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of New See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, as the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern provinces of the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire were then called, which under his See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed marvellously . He may be said to have been the creator of See also:

• ODESSA

Odessa and the benefactor of the See also:

• CRIMEA (ancient Tauris or Tauric Chersonese, called by the Russians by the Tatar name Krym or Crim)

Crimea . He was the first to start See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam-boats on the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea (1828) . The same See also:

• YEAR

year he succeeded the wounded See also:

• MENSHIKOV, ALEXANDER DANILOVICH, PRINCE (1663?–1729)
• MENSHIKOV, ALEXANDER SERGEIEVICH, PRINCE (1787-1869)

Menshikov as commander of the forces besieging See also:

• VARNA

Varna, which he captured on the 28th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . In the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign of ,829 it was through his energetic efforts that the See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague, which had broken out in See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey, did not penetrate into Russia .

In 1844 See also:

• VORONTSOV
• VORONTSOV (or WoRoNZOFF)

Vorontsov was appointed commanderin-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief and governor of the Caucasus with plenipotentiary See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . For his brilliant campaign against See also:

• SHAMYL (c. 1797-1871)

Shamyl, and especially for his difficult See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

march through the dangerous forests of Ichkerinia, he was raised to the dignity of prince, with the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of Serene See also:

• HIGHNESS

Highness . By 1848 he had captured two-thirds of See also:

• DAGHESTAN

Daghestan, and the situation of the Russians in the Caucasus, so See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long almost desperate, was steadily improving . In the be-ginning of 1853 Vorontsov was allowed to retire because of his increasing infirmities . He was made a field-marshal in 1856, and died the same year at Odessa . Statues have been erected to him both there and at See also:

• TIFLIS

Tiflis . See V . V . Ogarkov, The Vorontsovs (Rus.) (See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, 1892); Vorontsov Archives (Rus. and Fr ) (See also:

• MOSCOW (Russian Moskva)
• MOSCOW, (Russian Moskva)

Moscow, 187o, &c.) ; M . P . Shelverbinin, See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography of Prince M . S .

Vorontsov (Rus.) (See also:

• PETERS (or PETER), HUGH (1598–166o)
• PETERS, KARL (1856– )

Peters-See also:

• BURG

burg, 1858) . (R . N .