MILITARY FRONTIER (Ger. Militdrgrenze, Slay. Granitza)  , a narrow See also:

• STRIP

strip of See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian-Hungarian territory stretching along the See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders of See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey, which had for centuries a See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar military organization, and from 1849 to 1873 constituted a See also:

• CROWN

crown-See also:

• LAND

land . As a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy it owed its existence to the See also:

• NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity of maintaining during the 16th and 17th centuries a strong See also:

• LINE

line of See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence against the invasions of the See also:

• TURKS

Turks, and may be said to have had its origin with the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of the captaincy of See also:

• ZENGG(Hungarian, Zeng; Croatian, Senj; Italian, Segna)

Zengg (a See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast See also:

• TOWN

town about 35 M. See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of See also:

• FIUME (Slay. Rjeka, Rieka or Reka, Ger. St Veit am Flaum)

Fiume) by See also:

• MATTHIAS
• MATTHIAS (1557-1619)

Matthias See also:

• CORVINUS, JANOS [JOHN] (1473–1504)

Corvinus and the introduction of See also:

• USKOKS

Uskoks (q.v.) into Croatia . By the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century there were three frontier " generalates "—See also:

• CARLSTADT, KARLSTADT

Carlstadt, See also:

• WARASDIN (Hungarian, Varasd; Croatian, Varaz'din)

Warasdin and Petrinia or Petrinja (the last also called the Banal) . After the defeat of the See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power by See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• EUGENE

Eugene it was proposed to abolish the military constitution of the frontier, but the See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change was successfully resisted by the inhabitants of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district; in fact a new Slavonian frontier district was established in 1702, and Maria See also:

• THERESA, ST (1515-1582)

Theresa extended the organization to the See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

march-lands of Transylvania (the Szekler frontier in 1764, the Wallachian in 1766).1 As a See also:

• REWARD

reward for the service it rendered the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in the suppression of the Hungarian insurrection in 1848, the Military Frontier was erected in 1849 into a crown-land, with a See also:

• TOTAL

total See also:

• AREA

area of 15,182 sq. m. and a See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of 1,220,503 . In 1851 the Transylvanian portion (1177 sq. m.) was incorporated with the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of Transylvania; and in 1871 effect was given to the imperial See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree of 1869 by which the districts of the Warasdin regiments (St See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George and the See also:

• CROSS

Cross) and the towns of Zengg, Belovar, Ivanie, &c., were " provincialized " or incorporated with the Croatian-Slavonian crown-land . In 1872 the See also:

• BANAT (Hungarian Bansdg)

Banat regiments followed suit; and in 1873 the old military organization was abolished in the rest of the frontier . Not till 1881, however, were the Croatian-Slavonian march-lands completely merged in the kingdoms to which they naturally belonged . The social aspect of the military frontier regime is interesting . The zadruga See also:

• SYSTEM

system of land See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure was artificially kept in existence (see See also:

• SERVIA

SERVIA) . See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

Watch-towers with wooden clappers and the beacons which flashed the alarm along the whole frontier in a few See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours are still features in the landscape .