MINOS  , a semi-legendary See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• CRETE (Gr. Kp;rrrr; Turk. Kirid, Ital. Candia)

Crete, son of See also:

• ZEUS

Zeus and See also:

• EUROPA (or rather, EUROPE)

Europa . By his wife, Pasiphae, he was the See also:

• FATHER

father of See also:

• ARIADNE (in Greek mythology)

Ariadne, See also:

• DEUCALION

Deucalion, See also:

• PHAEDRA

Phaedra and others . He reigned over Crete and the islands of the See also:

• AEGEAN

Aegean three generations before the Trojan See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . He lived at See also:

• CNOSSUS

Cnossus for periods of nine years, at the end of which he retired into a sacred See also:

• CAVE (Lat. cavea, from caves, hollow)
• CAVE, EDWARD (1691–1754)
• CAVE, WILLIAM (1637–1713)

cave, where he received instruction from Zeus in the legislation which he gave to the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island . He was the author of the Cretan constitution and the founder of its See also:

• NAVAL

naval supremacy (See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus iii . 122; See also:

• THUCYDIDES (OovavMns)

Thucydides 4) . In See also:

• ATTIC (i.e. "in the Attic style ")

Attic tradition and on the Athenian See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage Minos is a cruel See also:

• TYRANT (Gr. r6pavvos, master, ruler)

tyrant, the heartless exactor of the See also:

• TRIBUTE (Lat. tributurn, a stated payment, contribution)

tribute of Athenian youths to feed the See also:

• MINOTAUR (Gr. Mcvcn -avpos, from Mews, and Taps, bull)

Minotaur (q.v.) . It seems possible that tribute See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children were actually exacted to take See also:

• PART

part in the gruesome shows of the Minoan See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull-rings, of which we now have more than one See also:

• ILLUSTRATION

illustration (see CRETE: See also:

• ARCHAEOLOGY (from Gr. &pxa1a, ancient things, and Xoyos, theory or science)

Archaeology) . To reconcile the contradictory aspects of his See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, two See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of the name of Minos were assumed by later poets and mythologists . Since Phoenician intercourse was in later times supposed to have played an important part in the development of Crete, Minos is sometimes called a Phoenician . There is no doubt that there is a considerable See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element in the See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend; See also:

• RECENT

recent discoveries in Crete (q.v.) prove the existence of a See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization such as the legends imply, and render it probable that not only See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens, but See also:

• MYCENAE

Mycenae itself, was once subject to the kings of Cnossus, of whom Minos was greatest . In view of the splendour and wide See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of Minoan Crete, the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age generally known as " Mycenaean " has been given the name of " Minoan " by Dr See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur See also:

• EVANS, CHRISTMAS (1766-1838)
• EVANS, EVAN HERBER (1836-1896)
• EVANS, OLIVER (1755–1819)
• EVANS, SIR GEORGE DE LACY (1787–1870)
• EVANS, SIR JOHN (1823-1908)

Evans as more properly descriptive (see CRETE) .

Minos himself is said to have died at Camicus in See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, whither he had gone in pursuit of See also:

• DAEDALUS

Daedalus, who had given Ariadne the See also:

• CLUE

clue by which she guided See also:

• THESEUS

Theseus through the See also:

• LABYRINTH (Gr. Xa(3vpcvOos, Lat. labyrinthus)

labyrinth . He was killed by the daughter of Cocalus, king of See also:

• AGRIGENTUM (Gr. 'Arcpayas, mod. Girgenti (q.v.))

Agrigentum, who poured boiling See also:

• WATER

water over him in the See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

bath (Diod . Sic. iv . 79) . Subsequently his remains were sent back to the Cretans, who placed them in a See also:

• SARCOPHAGUS (Gr. vapsorg yos, literally " flesh-eating," from vapt, flesh, ¢ayeiv, to eat)

sarcophagus, on which was inscribed: " The See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb of Minos, the son of Zeus." The earlier legend knows Minos as a beneficent ruler, legislator, and suppressor of piracy (Thucydides i . 4) . His constitution was said to have formed the basis of that of See also:

• LYCURGUS
• LYCURGUS (c. 396–325 B.C.)
• LYCURGUS (Gr. AvKofpyor)

Lycurgus (See also:

• PAUSANIAS

Pausanias iii . 2, 4) . In accordance with this, after his See also:

• DEATH

death he became See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge of the shades in the under-See also:

• WORLD

world (Odyssey, ix . 568); later he was associated with See also:

• AEACUS

Aeacus and See also:

• RHADAMANTHUS (Gr. Rhadamanthys)

Rhadamanthus . The See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

solar explanation of Minos as the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun-See also:

• GOD

god has been thrown into the background by the recent discoveries . In any See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case a divine origin would naturally be claimed for him as a See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest-king, and a divine See also:

• ATMOSPHERE (Gr. fir µ6r, vapour; orkaipa, a sphere)

atmosphere hangs about him .

The name of his wife, Pasiphae (" the all-shining "), is an epithet of the See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon-goddess . The name Minos seems to be philologically the See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent of Minyas, the royal ancestor of the Minyans of See also:

• ORCHOMENUS (local form on coins and inscriptions, Erchomenos)

Orchomenus, and his daughter Ariadne (" the ex- ceeding See also:

• HOLY

holy ") is a See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double of the native nature-goddess . (See CRETE: Archaeology.) On Cretan coins Minos is represented as bearded, wearing a diadem, See also:

• CURLY, JEAN NICOLAS (1774-1827)

curly-haired, haughty and dignified, like the traditional portraits of his reputed father, Zeus . On painted vases and sarcophagus bas-reliefs he frequently occurs with Aeacus and Rhadamanthus as See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges of the under-world and in connexion with the Minotaur and Theseus .