See also:

• MINOTAUR (Gr. Mcvcn -avpos, from Mews, and Taps, bull)

MINOTAUR (Gr. Mcvcn -avpos, from See also:

• MEWS, PETER (1619-1706)

Mews, and Taps, See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull)  , in See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• MYTHOLOGY

mythology, a fabulous Cretan See also:

• MONSTER (Lat. monstrum, from root of monere, to warn; i.e. something terrible or portentous)
• MONSTER, GEORG, COUNT ZU (1776-1844)

monster with the See also:

• BODY

body of a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man and the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

bull . It was supposed to be the offspring of Pasiphae, the wife of See also:

• MINOS

Minos, and a See also:

• SNOW (in O. Eng. sndw; a common Indo-European word; cf. in Teutonic languages, Ger. Schnee, Du. sneeuw; in Slavonic snieg', Lith. snegas; Gr. vi4a, Lat. nix, nivis, whence the Romanic forms, Ital. neve, Fr. neige, &c.; Ir. and Gael. sneachd; the original

snow-See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white bull, sent to Minos by See also:

• POSEIDON

Poseidon for See also:

• SACRIFICE (from Lat. sacrificium; sacer, holy, and facere, to make)

sacrifice . Minos, instead of sacrificing it, spared its See also:

• LIFE

life, and Poseidon, as a See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

punishment, inspired Pasiphae with an unnatural See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion for it . The monster which was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born was shut up in the See also:

• LABYRINTH (Gr. Xa(3vpcvOos, Lat. labyrinthus)

Labyrinth (q.v.) . Now it happened that Androgeus, son of Minos, had been killed by the Athenians, who were jealous of the victories he had won at the Panathenaic festival . To avenge the See also:

• DEATH

death of his son, Minos demanded that seven Athenian youths and seven maidens should be sent every ninth See also:

• YEAR

year to be devoured by the See also:

• MINOTAUR (Gr. Mcvcn -avpos, from Mews, and Taps, bull)

Minotaur . When the third sacrifice came See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round See also:

• THESEUS

Theseus volunteered to go, and with the help of See also:

• ARIADNE (in Greek mythology)

Ariadne (q.v.) slew the Minotaur (See also:

• PLUTARCH
• PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

Plutarch, Theseus, 15—19; Diod . Sic. i . 16, iv . 61; See also:

• APOLLODORUS

Apollodorus iii . 1, 15) . Some See also:

• MODERN

modern mythologists regard the Minotaur as a See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

solar personification and a Greek See also:

• ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of the See also:

• BAAL

Baal-See also:

• MOLOCH, or MOLECH (in Hebrew, with the doubtful exception of i Kings xi. 7, always " the Molech ")

Moloch of the Phoenicians .

The slaying of the Minotaur by Theseus in that See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case indicates the abolition of such sacrifice by the advance of Greek See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization . According to A . B . See also:

• COOK
• COOK, ALBERT STANBURROUGH (1853– )
• COOK, EDWARD DUTTON (1829–1883)
• COOK, ELIZA (1818–1889)
• COOK, JAMES (1728-1779)
• COOK, THOMAS (1808-1892)

Cook, Minos and Minotaur are only different forms of the same personage, representing the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun-See also:

• GOD

god See also:

• ZEUS

Zeus of the Cretans, who represented the sun as a bull . He and J . G . Frazer both explain Pasiphae's monstrous See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union as a sacred ceremony (ispbs yaµos), at which the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of See also:

• CNOSSUS

Cnossus was wedded to a bull-formed god, just as the wife of the tipXwv ,BaaiXsb in See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens was wedded to See also:

• DIONYSUS (probably = " son of Zeus," from & Os and vv(7os, a Thracian word for " son ")

Dionysus . E . Pottier, who does not dispute the See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• PERSONALITY (from Lat. persona, originally an actor's mask, from personare,1 to sound through)

personality of Minos, in view of the See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story of See also:

• PHALARIS

Phalaris (q.v.) considers it probable that in See also:

• CRETE (Gr. Kp;rrrr; Turk. Kirid, Ital. Candia)

Crete (where a bull-cult may have existed by the See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of that of the See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double See also:

• AXE (0. Eng. aex; a word common, in different forms, in the Teutonic languages, and akin to the Greek 41v17; the New English Dictionary prefers the spelling " ax ")

axe) victims were tortured by being shut up in the belly of a red-hot brazen bull . The story of Talos, the Cretan man of See also:

• BRASS
• BRASS (O. Eng. braes)

brass, who heated himself red-hot and clasped strangers in his embrace as soon as they landed on the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island, is probably of similar origin . The contest between Theseus and the Minotaur was frequently represented in Greek See also:

• ART

art . A Cnossian didrachm exhibits on one side the labyrinth, on the other the Minotaur surrounded by a semicircle of small balls, probably intended for stars; it is to be noted that one of the monster's name, was Asterius .

See A . Conze, Theseus and Minotauros (1878); L . Stephani, De; Kampf zwischen Theseus and Minotauros (1842), with plates and See also:

• HISTORY

history of the See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend; L . See also:

• PRELLER, FRIEDRICH (1804–1878)
• PRELLER, LUDWIG (1809–1861)

Preller, Griechische Mythologie; Helbig in See also:

• ROSCHER, WILHELM GEORG FRIEDRICH (1817–1894)

Roscher's See also:

• LEXICON

Lexicon der Mythologie; F . Durrbach in Daremberg and Saglio's Dictionnaire See also:

• DES

des antiquites; A . B . Cook in Classical See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review, xvii . 410; J . G . Frazer, See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

Early History of the Kingship (1905) ; E . Pottier in La Revue de See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris (Feb . 1902) ; the story is told in See also:

• KINGSLEY, CHARLES (1819-1875)
• KINGSLEY, HENRY (183o-1876)
• KINGSLEY, MARY HENRIETTA (1862-1900)

Kingsley's Heroes .