MOBILE  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of Mobile county, See also:

• ALABAMA

Alabama, U.S.A., in the S.W. See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, at the mouth of Mobile See also:

• RIVER

River, and the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of Mobile See also:

• BAY

Bay . Pop . (18go), 31,076; (1900), 38,469, of whom 17,045 were negroes and 2111 See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born (562 See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, 492 Irish, 202 See also:

• ENGLISH

English); (1910 See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census), 51,521 . It is served by the See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern, the See also:

• LOUISVILLE

Louisville & See also:

• NASHVILLE

Nashville, the Mobile & See also:

• OHIO

Ohio, the Mobile, See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson & See also:

• KANSAS (known as the Sunflower State ")

Kansas City, and the Tombigbee Valley See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways; by steamboat lines to ports in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, See also:

• CUBA (the aboriginal name)

Cuba, See also:

• MEXICO
• MEXICO (Span. Mejico, or Mexico,)
• MEXICO, FEDERAL DISTRICT OF
• MEXICO, GULF OF

Mexico, Central See also:

• AMERICA

America (especially See also:

• PANAMA

Panama) and See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South America; by a coastwise steamboat See also:

• LINE

line to New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York; and by river boats on a river See also:

• SYSTEM

system embracing nearly 2000 M. of navigable See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters in Alabama, See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi, and See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia . The city occupies about 17 sq. m. of a sandy See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain, which rises gradually from a See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low See also:

• WATER

water front along the river to a range of hills a few See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles to the westward . Among the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal buildings are the customs-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house and See also:

• POST

post-See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-house, the See also:

• BATTLE

Battle House (a hotel), the See also:

• UNITED

United States marine See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

hospital, the city hospital, the See also:

• PROVIDENCE

Providence infirmary, See also:

• BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH (1766-1815)
• BARTON, BERNARD (1784–1849)
• BARTON, CLARA (1821– )
• BARTON, ELIZABETH (c. 1506–1534)

Barton See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy (a part of the public school system), a See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Men's See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Association See also:

• BUILDING

building, St See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph's See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church (See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic), the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, the See also:

• VAN

Van See also:

• ANTWERP
• ANTWERP (Fr. Anvers)

Antwerp office building, and the southern See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market and armoury . Mobile is the see of a Roman Catholic bishopric and the headquarters of the United States See also:

• DISTRICT

district court for the southern district of Alabama . In the city are a public library; the departments of See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine and See also:

• PHARMACY

pharmacy of the university of Alabama; the academy of the Visitation, and the Immaculate Conception school, both Mr girls and both Roman Catholic; the See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

Convent of See also:

• MERCY (adapted from Fr. merci, Lat. merces, reward)
• MERCY (or MERCI), FRANZ, FREIHERR VON

Mercy; the See also:

• EMERSON, RALPH WALDO (1803-1882)
• EMERSON, WILLIAM (1701-1782)

Emerson normal and See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial school (for negroes), McGill See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute, the University military school, and the Mobile military institute; and 5 M. from Mobile, at See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

Spring See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill, is Spring Hill See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college (Roman Catholic, founded in 183o, chartered 1836), controlled by the See also:

• JESUITS

Jesuits . There is an See also:

• ANNUAL

annual celebration in Mobile on Mardi Gras (Shrove Tuesday), conducted by the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

Order of Myths and the Mystics, two social organizations, successors of the Cowbellion de Rakin Society, which was organized in 1830 and See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long conducted a somewhat similar celebration annually, on New See also:

• YEAR

Year's See also:

• EVE

Eve . Mobile is the only seaport of Alabama . In 1826 the channel from it to the Gulf, about 30 M. distant, had a minimum See also:

• DEPTH

depth of only 51 ft. through See also:

• CHOCTAW

Choctaw Pass and 8 ft. through See also:

• DOG

Dog River See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar; but subsequently the channel has been greatly improved by the United States See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and in See also:

• JUNE

June 19081 vessels See also:

• DRAWING

drawing 23 and 24 ft. could pass at low-water to the mouth of See also:

• CHICKASAW

Chickasaw See also:

• CREEK
• CREEK (Mid. Eng. crike or creke, common to many N. European languages)

Creek above the city . While the channel was still shallow, and rapidly growing railway systems were serving other ports, much foreign See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce was lost to Mobile, the value of the exports falling off from $12,784,171 in 1877 to $3,258,605 in 1882, and the value of the imports, during the same See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, from $648,404 to $396,573; but after the improvement of the channel the value of the exports increased from $8,140,502 in 1897 to $26,815,279 in 1908, and the value of the imports See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose from $956,712 in 1897 to $4,242,169 in 1908 .

The foreign commerce consists largely in the export of See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton, See also:

• LUMBER

lumber, See also:

• TIMBER

timber, cotton-See also:

• SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed oil, See also:

• COAL

coal, provisions and clothing, and in the import of tropical fruits (especially bananas), sisal grass, See also:

• COFFEE (Fr: cafe, Ger. Kaffee)

coffee, See also:

• MAHOGANY

mahogany, See also:

• ASPHALT, or ASPHALTUM

asphalt, and See also:

• MANGANESE (symbol Mn; atomic weight, 54.93 (0=16)], a metallic chemical element. Its dioxide (pyrolusite)

manganese and See also:

• SULPHUR

sulphur ores . Vegetables, particularly beans and See also:

• CABBAGE

cabbage, and small fruits are grown extensively in the vicinity, and the city has an important domestic See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in market-See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden produce, See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish and oysters, hardware, dry goods, See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain and groceries . In manufacturing Mobile was second (See also:

• BIRMINGHAM

Birmingham being first) among the cities of the state in 1905, when the value of the factory product was $4,942,331, 41.8% more than in 1900 . In 1905 it ranked first in the state in the value of fertilizer, lumber and timber, and in the construction of railway cars; and the manufacture of See also:

• FLOUR

flour and grist See also:

• MILL
• MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
• MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
• MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
• MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)

mill products and machinery for lumber See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills were important See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries . Founded by See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre See also:

• LEMOYNE, JEAN BAPTISTE (1704—1778)

Lemoyne, Sieur d'Iberville (1661–1706), and his See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• BAPTISTE

Baptiste Lemoyne, Sieur de Bienville (168o-1768), in 1702, Mobile 2 was the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• LOUISIANA

Louisiana until 1720, when the seat of government was transferred to See also:

• BILOXI

Biloxi, in the See also:

• PRESENT

present Mississippi . The See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement was at Twenty-seven Mile See also:

• BLUFF (a word of uncertain origin; possibly connected with an obsolete Dutch word, blaf, broad)

Bluff, about 20 M. above the present site, to which it was removed in 1710 as a consequence of floods in 1709 . By the Treaty of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris (1763) Mobile, as a part of Louisiana See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the Mississippi, was ceded to See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain; but on the 14th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 178o it was captured by a See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish force under See also:

• DON
• DON (anc. Tanais)

Don Bernardo de Galvez (1755–1786), the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor at New See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans, and See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain was confirmed in its See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession by the treaty of 1783 . Spanish See also:

• CIVIL

civil institutions were introduced, and new names, such as Conception, St Emanuel and St Joseph, which still survive, were given to the streets . Yet neither the English nor the Spanish occupation made any substantial See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change in the See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

tone of the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place or the habits of its See also:

• PEOPLE

people, even the negroes holding to their French See also:

• JARGON

jargon . The See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance between Great Britain and Spain, at the outbreak of the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 1812, gave Mobile strategic importance for the military operations in the south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west . Hence, on the 15th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1813 See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• WILKINSON, JAMES (1757–1825)
• WILKINSON, JAMES JOHN GARTH (1812-1899)
• WILKINSON, JOHN (1728-1808)
• WILKINSON, SIR JOHN GARDNER (1797—1875)
• WILKINSON, TATE (1739—1803)

Wilkinson, acting on See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President James See also:

• MADISON
• MADISON, JAMES (1751–1836)

Madison's instructions, which were based on the claim that Mobile was a part of Louisiana sold by See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France to the United States in 1803, seized Mobile for the United States . 1 Between 1826 and 1908 the Federal government expended $5,148,179 on the improvement of the See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour .

The bar channel also has been improved . 2 The city was named from the Mobile or Maubila See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians, a Muskhogean tribe, now See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct, who occupied the neighbouring region and were Christianized by the French, In See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1814 General See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew Jackson made Mobile his headquarters . He repaired Fort See also:

• BOWYER, WILLIAM (1663-1737)

Bowyer, on Mobile Point at the mouth of the bay, and garrisoned it just in See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time for it to resist attack by the See also:

• BRITISH

British on the 15th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . On the 11th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1815, See also:

• FORTY

forty-two days after See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace had been declared and See also:

• THIRTY

thirty-four days after the battle of New Orleans, a British force captured Fort Bowyer; but it made no move against Mobile, and withdrew on the 1st of April . Now began the Americanization of Mobile, a See also:

• TIDE (O. Eng. lid, cf. Ger. Zeit, time or season, connected with root of Sanskrit a-diti, endless)

tide of See also:

• IMMIGRATION (from Lat. in, into, and tnigrare, to depart)

immigration from the up-See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country setting in and rapidly changing the See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character of the place, which had previously been distinctly French . A See also:

• TOWN

town See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter had been granted by the territorial legislature of Mississippi on the loth of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1814, and an interesting feature under the town government was the " See also:

• TARIFF (adapted in English from the French; the word comes through the Spanish tarifa, a list or schedule of prices, from the Arabic, ta'rifa, information, an inventory, 'arf, know-ledge)

tariff for bakers," which fixed the See also:

• WEIGHT

weight of loaves of See also:

• BREAD

bread in accordance with the See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

price of flour . A city charter, dated the 17th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1819, was granted by the first state legislature of Alabama, and Mobile became the commercial See also:

• EMPORIUM (a Latin adaptation of the Gr. Eµabpuov, from f)

emporium for Alabama and Mississippi, its cotton exports increasing from 7000 See also:

• BALES [BALESIUS], PETER (1547–1610?)

bales in 1818 to 100,000 in 183o and 450,000 in 184o . In 1826 Barton Academy, still one of the landmarks of the city, was built; but it was not until 1852 that See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools were opened in Mobile county . Branches of the United States See also:

• BANK

Bank and of the State bank were established at Mobile, and in the panic of 1837 the Bank of Mobile was one of the few See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks in the United States that did not suspend See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment . The Mobile & Ohio railroad, begun in 1848, provided ampler communication with the Mississippi valley, and Mobile's export of cotton rose to 1,000,000 bales in 1861 . During the Civil War Mobile was an important seaport of the Confederacy . A Federal See also:

• BLOCKADE
• BLOCKADE (Fr. blocus, Ger. Blokade)

blockade was begun as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as the 26th of May 1861, but trade with West See also:

• INDIAN

Indian and See also:

• EUROPEAN

European ports was continued by a line of See also:

• SWIFT
• SWIFT, JONATHAN (1667—1745)

swift vessels, which regularly escaped the blockading See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron .

On the 5th of August 1864 See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David G . See also:

• FARRAGUT, DAVID GLASGOW (1801-1870)

Farragut (q.v.), with a Federal See also:

• FLEET

fleet of four See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron monitors, seven wooden sloops of war, and several gunboats, entered the channel by passing the Confederate defences, Fort Gaines on Dauphin See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island and Fort See also:

• MORGAN
• MORGAN, DANIEL (1736-1802)
• MORGAN, EDWIN DENNISON (1811-1883)
• MORGAN, JOHN HUNT (1825-1864)
• MORGAN, JOHN PIERPONT (1837–1913)
• MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY (1818-1881)
• MORGAN, SYDNEY, LADY (c. 1783-1859)
• MORGAN, THOMAS (d. 1743)

Morgan occupying the site of old Fort Bowyer on Mobile Point, captured the formidable Confederate ironclad See also:

• RAM
• RAM, PIERRE FRANCOIS XAVIER DE (18o4-1865)

ram " See also:

• TENNESSEE

Tennessee," destroyed one gunboat and drove another aground . One of the Federal monitors, the " See also:

• TECUMSEH, TECUMTHE, or TECUMTHA1 (c. 1768—1813)

Tecumseh," was destroyed by torpedoes . The Confederate fleet was commanded by Admiral See also:

• FRANKLIN
• FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790)
• FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN (1786-1847)
• FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL (1823-1903)

Franklin See also:

• BUCHANAN
• BUCHANAN, CLAUDIUS
• BUCHANAN, GEORGE (1506–1582)
• BUCHANAN, JAMES (1791-1868)
• BUCHANAN, ROBERT WILLIAMS (1841-1901)

Buchanan (1800-1874) . Fort Gaines surrendered on the 7th, and Fort Morgan on the 23rd of the same See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month . In the spring of 1865 General E . R . S . Canby (1819–1873), with a Federal force of about 45,000, laid See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege to Fort Blakely and Spanish Fort, on the east See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of .the bay (opposite the city), defended by General See also:

• RANDALL, SAMUEL JACKSON (1828-189o)

Randall L . See also:

• GIBSON, CHARLES DANA (1867- )
• GIBSON, EDMUND (1669-1748)
• GIBSON, JOHN (1790-1866)
• GIBSON, THOMAS MILNER (1806-1884)
• GIBSON, WILLIAM HAMILTON (1850-1896)

Gibson (1832–1892) with 5000 men . After twenty-five days of resistance the Confederates evacuated the fortifications and then the city, the Federals entering on the 12th of April 1865 . Losses from See also:

• RAIL

rail-way enterprises and the panic of 1873 resulted in the See also:

• BANKRUPTCY (from Lat. bancus or Fr. banquet table or counter, and Lat. ruptus, broken)

bankruptcy of the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality in 1879, whereupon its charter was vacated, its See also:

• PROPERTY

property vested in certain trustees acting under the See also:

• CHANCERY

Chancery Court to adjust its See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt, and a municipal government under the name of See also:

• PORT

Port of Mobile succeeded the city of Mobile until 1887, when the latter was again chartered .

On the 27th of September 1906 Mobile was swept by a See also:

• HURRICANE

hurricane, which destroyed property valued at $5,000,000 or more . See See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter J . See also:

• HAMILTON
• HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
• HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
• HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
• HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
• HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
• HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
• HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
• HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
• HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
• HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
• HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)

Hamilton, Colonial Mobile (See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, 1897) ; and a See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter by the same writer in L . P . See also:

• POWELL, FREDERICK YORK (1850-1904)
• POWELL, GEORGE (c. 1658-1714)
• POWELL, JOHN WESLEY (1834–1902)
• POWELL, VAVASOR (1617-1670)

Powell's Historic Towns of the Southern States (New York, 1900) .