See also:

• MOESIA (Gr. Muck and Mveia i)

MOESIA (Gr. Muck and Mveia i)  iv Eupwap, to distinguish it from See also:

• MYSIA

Mysia in See also:

• ASIA

Asia), in See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

geography, a See also:

• DISTRICT

district inhabited by a Thracian See also:

• PEOPLE

people, bounded on the S. by the See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain ranges of Haemus and Scardus (Scordus, Scodrus), on the W. by the Drinus, on the N. by the See also:

• DANUBE (Ger. Donau, Hungarian Duna, Rumanian Dunarea, Lat. Danubius or Danuvius, and in the lower part of its course Ister)

Danube and on the E. by the Euxine . It thus corresponded in the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main to the See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• SERVIA

Servia and See also:

• BULGARIA
• BULGARIA, EASTERN

Bulgaria . In 75 B.C., C . Scribonius See also:

• CURIO, OAIUS SCRIBONIUS

Curio, proconsul of See also:

• MACEDONIA

Macedonia, penetrated as far as the Danube, and gained a victory over the inhabitants, who were finally subdued by M . See also:

• LICINIUS

Licinius See also:

• CRASSUS (literally " dense," " thick," " fat ")

Crassus, See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of the triumvir and also proconsul of Macedonia, during the reign of See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus c . 29 B.C . (see See also:

• MOMMSEN, THEODOR (1817–1903)

Mommsen, Provinces of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire, Eng. trans., i . 12-14) . The See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, however, was not organized as a See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province until the last years of the reign; in A.D . 6 mention is made of its See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor, See also:

• CAECINA

Caecina See also:

• SEVERUS
• SEVERUS, SULPICIUS (c. 363–c. 425)

Severus (Dio See also:

• CASSIUS
• CASSIUS, AVIDIUS (d. A.D. 175)
• CASSIUS, GAIUS

Cassius lv . 29) . The statement of See also:

• APPIAN (Gr. 'Aairtavbs)

Appian (Illyrica, 30) that it did not become a Roman province until the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of Tiberius, is therefore incorrect .

Originally one province, under an imperial consular See also:

• LEGATE (Lat. legatus, past part. of legare, to send as deputy)
• LEGATE, BARTHOLOMEW (c. 1575-1612)

legate (who probably also had See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of See also:

• ACHAEA

Achaea and Macedonia), it was divided by See also:

• DOMITIAN (Thus FLAVIUS DOMITIANUS)

Domitian into Upper (See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior) and See also:

• LOWER

Lower (inferior, also called Ripa Thracia) See also:

• MOESIA (Gr. Muck and Mveia i)

Moesia, the western and eastern portions respectively, divided from each other by the See also:

• RIVER

river Cebrus (Ciabrus; mod . Cibritza or Zibru) . Some, however, See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place the boundary further See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west . Each was governed by an imperial consular legate and a See also:

• PROCURATOR (Lat. procurare, to take care of)

procurator . As a frontier province, Moesia was strengthened by stations and fortresses erected along the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern See also:

• BANK

bank of the Danube, and a See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall was built from Axiopolis to Tomi as a See also:

• PROTECTION

protection against Scythian and Sarmatian inroads . After the See also:

• ABANDONMENT (Fr. abandonnement, from abandonner, to abandon, relinquish; abandonner was originally equivalent to mettred banddn, to leave to the jurisdiction, i.e. of another, bandon being from Low Latin bandum, bannum, order, decree, " ban ")

abandonment of See also:

• DACIA

Dacia (q.v.) to the barbarians by See also:

• AURELIAN [Lucius DoMITIus AURELIANUS]

Aurelian (27o-275) and the transference of its inhabitants to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of the Danube, the central portion of Moesia took the name of Dacia Aureliani (again divided into Dacia ripensis and interior) . The district called Dardania (in Upper Moesia), inhabited by the Illyrian Dardani, was formed into a See also:

• SPECIAL

special province by See also:

• DIOCLETIAN (GAIUs AURELIUS VALERIUS DIOCLETIANUS) (A.D. 245–313)
• DIOCLETIAN, EDICT OF (De Pretiis rerum venalium)

Diocletian with See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital Naissus (Nissa or See also:

• NISH (also written NISCx and Nis)

Nish), the birthplace of See also:

• CONSTANTINE

Constantine the See also:

• GREAT

Great . The Goths, who had already invaded Moesia in 250, hard pressed by the See also:

• HUNS

Huns, again crossed the Danube during the reign of See also:

• VALENS

Valens (376), and with his permission settled in Moesia . But quarrels soon took place, and the Goths under Fritigern defeated Valens in a great See also:

• BATTLE

battle near See also:

• ADRIANOPLE
• ADRIANOPLE (anc. Hadrianopolis; Turk. Edirne, or Edreneh; Slay. Odrin)

Adrianople (378) . These Goths are known as Moeso-Goths, for whom See also:

• ULFILAS (c. 311-383)

Ulfilas made the See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible . In the 7th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century Slays and Bulgarians entered the country and founded the modern kingdoms of Servia and Bulgaria . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief towns of Upper Moesia were : Singidunum (See also:

• BELGRADE (Servian, Biograd or Beograd, i.e. " White Castle")

Belgrade), Viminacium (sometimes called See also:

• MUNICIPIUM (Lat. munus, a duty or privilege, capere, to take)

municipium Aelium; Kostolatz), See also:

• BONONIA (mod. Bologna)

Bononia (Widdin), Ratiaria (Artcher): of Lower Moesia; Oescus (colonia Ulpia, Gigen), Novae (near See also:

• SISTOVA (Bulg. Svishtov)

Sistova, the chief seat of See also:

• THEODORIC

Theodoric), See also:

• NICOPOLIS, or ACTIA NICOPOLIS

Nicopolis ad Istrum (Nikup), really on the Iatrus or Yantra, Odessus (See also:

• VARNA

Varna), Tomi (Kustendje), to which the poet See also:

• OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid was banished .

The last two were See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek towns, which, with Istros, Mesambria and See also:

• APOLLONIA

Apollonia, formed a pentapolis . See See also:

• OROSIUS, PAULUS (fl. 415)

Orosius v . 23, 20; See also:

• LIVY [Thus L1v1us] (59 B.C.—A.D: 17)

Livy, Epit . 92, 134, 135; Dio Cassius li . 25—27; E . R . Roster, Romanische Studien (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1871); T . Mommsen, Corpus inscriptionum latinarum, iii . 141, 263; J . See also:

• MARQUARDT, JOACHIM (1812–1882)

Marquardt, Romische Staatsverwaltung (1881), i . 301; H . See also:

• KIEPERT, HEINRICH (1818-1899)

Kiepert, Lehrbuch der See also:

• ALTEN, SIR CHARLES [Karl] (1764–1840)

alten Geographie (1878), §§ 298, 299; See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith's See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1873) .

(J . H .