LUIS See also:

• LUIS MOLINA (1535-1600)

MOLINA (1535-1600)  , See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish Jesuit, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• CUENCA

Cuenca in 1535 . Having at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of eighteen become a member of the Society of Jesus, he studied See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology at See also:

• COIMBRA

Coimbra, and after-wards became See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor in the university of See also:

• EVORA

Evora, See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal . From this See also:

• POST

post he was called, at the end of twenty years, to the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of moral theology in See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, where he died on the 12th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October ,600 . Besides other See also:

• WORKS

works he wrote Liberi arbitrii cum gratiae donis, divina praescientia, providentia, praedestinatione et reprobation, See also:

• CONCORDIA
• CONCORDIA (mod. Concordia Sagittaria)

concordia (4to, See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon, 1588) ; a commentary on the first See also:

• PART

part of the Summa of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• AQUINAS, THOMAS [Thomas of AQUIN or AQUINO], (c 1227--1274)

Aquinas (2 vols., fol., Cuenca, 1593); and a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise De justitia et jure (6 vols., 1593-1609) . It is to the first of these that his fame is principally due . It was an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to reconcile, in words at least, the Augustinian doctrines of See also:

• PREDESTINATION (from Late Lat. praedestinare, to deter-mine beforehand; from the root sta, as in stare, stand)

predestination and See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

grace with the Semipelagianism which, as shown by the See also:

• RECENT

recent condemnation of See also:

• BAIUS, or DE BAY, MICHAEL (1513–1589)

BAIUs (q.v.), had become prevalent in the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church . Assuming that See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man is See also:

• FREE

free to perform or not to perform any See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act whatever, See also:

• MOLINA, LUIS (1535-1600)

Molina maintains that this circumstance renders the grace of See also:

• GOD

God neither unnecessary nor impossible: not impossible, for God never fails to bestow grace upon those who ask it with sincerity; and not unnecessary, for grace, although not an efficient, is still a sufficient cause of salvation . Nor, in Molina's view, does his See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of free-will exclude predestination . The omniscient God, by means of His " scientia See also:

• MEDIA

media " (the phrase is Molina's invention, though the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea is also to be found in his older contemporary See also:

• FONSECA, AMAPALA
• FONSECA, MANOEL DEODORO DA (1827-1892)

Fonseca), or See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of knowing future contingent events, foresees how we shall employ our own free-will and treat His proffered grace, and667 upon this foreknowledge He can found His predestinating decrees . These doctrines, although in See also:

• HARMONY (Gr. dpµovia, a concord of musical sounds, dpA'ew to join; &plan midi (sc. TeXvil)

harmony with the prevailing feeling of the Roman Catholic Church of the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and further recommended by their marked opposition to the teachings of See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther and See also:

• CALVIN, JOHN (1509-1564)

Calvin,excited violent controversy in some quarters, especially on the part of the See also:

• DOMINICANS

Dominicans, and at last rendered it necessary for the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope (See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement VIII.) to interfere . At first (1594) he simply enjoined silence on both parties so far as See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain was concerned; but ultimately, in 1598, he appointed the " Congregatio de auxiliis Gratiae " for the See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement of the dispute, which became more and more a party one . After holding very numerous sessions, the " See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

congregation " was able to decide nothing, and in 1607 its meetings were suspended by See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul V., who in 1611 prohibited all further discussion of the question " de auxiliis," and studious efforts were made to See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control the publication even of commentaries on Aquinas .

The Molinist subsequently passed into the Jansenist controversy (see See also:

• JANSENISM

JANSENISM) . A full See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of Molina's theology will be found in Schneeman's " Entstehung der thomistisch-molinistischen Controverse," published in the Appendices (Nos . 9, 13, 14) to the Jesuit periodical, Stimmen aus Maria-Laach . To the See also:

• LAY

lay reader may be recommended Ernest See also:

• RENAN, ERNEST (1823-1892)

Renan's See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article, " See also:

• LES

Les congregations de auxiliis" in his Nouvelles etudes d'histoire religieuse .